scholarly journals Population-Level Correlates of Preterm Delivery among Black and White Women in the U.S

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. e94153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzan L. Carmichael ◽  
Mark R. Cullen ◽  
Jonathan A. Mayo ◽  
Jeffrey B. Gould ◽  
Pooja Loftus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Delivery ◽  
White Women ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Black And White ◽  
The U.S

scholarly journals Spatial patterns of adverse birth outcomes among black and white women in Massachusetts – the role of population-level and individual-level factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-106
Author(s):  
Yelena A. Ogneva-Himmelberger ◽  
Madeline Haynes
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
White Women ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Adverse Birth Outcomes ◽  
Black Mothers ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Black And White ◽  
White Mothers

This study explores spatial distribution of adverse birth outcomes (ABO), defined as low birth weight (<=2500 g) and preterm deliveries (gestational age <37 weeks), in black and white mothers in the state of Massachusetts, USA. It uses 817877 individual birth records from 2000-2014 aggregated to census tracts (census enumeration unit with population of approximately 4500 people). To account for small numbers of births in some tracts, an Empirical Bayes smoother algorithm is used to calculate ABO rates. The study applies ordinary least squares (OLS) and spatial regression to examine the relationship between ABO rates, seven individual-level factors from birth certificates and nine population-level factors (income level, education level, race) from census data. Explanatory power of these factors varies between the two races. In models based only on individual-level factors, all seven factors were significant (p<0.05) in the black mothers’ model while only three were significant in the white mothers’ model. Models based only on population-level variables produced better results for the white mothers than for black mothers. Models that included both individual and population-level variables explained 40% and 29% of ABO variance for black and white women respectively. The findings from this study give health-care providers and health-care policy-makers important information regarding ABO rates and the contributing factors at a local level, thus enabling them to isolate specific areas with the highest need for targeted interventions.

Oral contraceptives and cardiovascular disease risk in black and white women:

2001 ◽  
Vol 01 (4) ◽  
pp. 175-183
Author(s):  
Kate Wheeler ◽  
Cora E. Lewis ◽  
Dale Williams ◽  
Stephen Sidney ◽  
Catarina I. Kiefe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
White Women ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Black And White

scholarly journals Understanding Drivers of COVID-19 Racial Disparities: A Population-Level Analysis of COVID-19 Testing among Black and White Populations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaloke Mody ◽  
Kristin Pfeifauf ◽  
Cory Bradley ◽  
Branson Fox ◽  
Matifadza G Hlatshwayo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kansas City ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Limited Resource ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Black And White ◽  
City Regions ◽  
Black Residents ◽  
Black Populations ◽  
The Lorenz Curve ◽  
Senior Services

Abstract Background Disparities in COVID-19 testing—the pandemic’s most critical but limited resource—may be an important but modifiable driver of COVID-19 inequities. Methods We analyzed data from the Missouri State Department Health and Senior Services on all COVID-19 tests conducted in the St. Louis and Kansas City regions. We adapted a well-established tool for measuring inequity—the Lorenz curve—to compare COVID-19 testing rates per diagnosed case among Black and White populations. Results Between 3/14/2020 and 9/15/2020, 606,725 and 328,204 COVID-19 tests were conducted in the St. Louis and Kansas City regions, respectively. Over time, Black individuals consistently had approximately half the rate of testing per case compared to White individuals. In the early period (3/14/2020 to 6/15/2020), zip codes in the lowest quartile of testing rates accounted for only 12.1% and 8.8% of all tests in the St. Louis and Kansas City regions, respectively, even though they accounted for 25% of all cases each region. These zip codes had higher proportions of residents who were Black, without insurance, and with lower median incomes. These disparities were reduced but still persisted during later phases of the pandemic (6/16/2020 to 9/15/2020). Lastly, even within the same zip code, Black residents had lower rates of tests per case compared to White residents. Conclusions Black populations had consistently lower COVID-19 testing rates per diagnosed case compared to White populations in two Missouri regions. Public health strategies should proactively focus on addressing equity gaps in COVID-19 testing to improve equity of the overall response.

Behavioral reactivity to acute stress among Black and White women with type 2 diabetes: The roles of income and racial discrimination

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 2085-2097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Bermudez-Millan ◽  
Kristina P Schumann ◽  
Richard Feinn ◽  
Howard Tennen ◽  
Julie Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
White Women ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Behavioral Reactivity

scholarly journals Differences in Thrombotic Risk Factors in Black and White Women with Adverse Pregnancy Outcome

2014 ◽  
Vol 133 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire S. Philipp ◽  
Ambarina S. Faiz ◽  
Michele G. Beckman ◽  
Althea Grant ◽  
Paula L. Bockenstedt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnancy Outcome ◽  
White Women ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcome ◽  
Thrombotic Risk ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

scholarly journals 183. chlamydia Trachomatis Seroprevalence with a pgp3 Serologic Assay and Association with Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Among Women, United States, 2013–2016

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S220-S220
Author(s):  
Gloria E Anyalechi ◽  
Damien Danavall ◽  
Brian H Raphael ◽  
Katherine E Bowden ◽  
Jaeyoung Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Women ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Disease ◽  
White Women ◽  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Sexually Transmitted

Abstract Background Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) causes pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and other sequelae; however, these associations are not fully characterized. CT serologic assays including Pgp3 ELISA may detect prior CT infection and may better elucidate these associations. We used a serologic Pgp3 multiplex bead array assay (Pgp3MBA) to measure CT seroprevalence in reproductive-age US women and assess the association with PID. Methods We performed CT Pgp3MBA on sera collected from women 18–39 years old during the 2013–2016 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) who had available urine CT nucleic acid amplification test results. Weighted Pgp3MBA CT seroprevalence and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated. We also determined weighted prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% CIs of self-reported lifetime PID among women with and without detectable Pgp3MBA and other characteristics to estimate these US national statistics. Results Among 2,339 women, 1,725 (73.7%) had available sera. Of these women, 1,425 (or 93.4% of those with data) were sexually experienced and had a CT seroprevalence of 35.9% (95% CI 33.4–38.4). When weighted for US women, CT seroprevalence was 30.5% (95% CI 26.6–34.4%), ranging from 16.9% (95% CI 11.0–22.8%) among non-Hispanic Asian women to 70.2% (95% CI 62.4–78.0%) among non-Hispanic black women. PID was reported by 4.2% (95% CI 3.1–5.2) of 1,413 sexually-experienced women with PID data or an estimated 3.8% (95% CI 2.6–5.0) of US women. Among US women, estimated PID varied by Pgp3MBA status; 7.3% (95% CI 4.3–10.2) of Pgp3MBA-positive women were estimated to report PID versus 2.3% (95% CI 1.3–3.4) of Pgp3MBA-negative women (PR 3.1; 95% CI 1.7–5.9). PID prevalence did not vary by age, nor self-reported recent sexually transmitted disease among US women, but was higher among non-Hispanic black women compared to non-Hispanic white women (PR 2.2; 95% CI 1.4–3.5). Conclusion Nearly one-third of US women have had CT by Pgp3MBA, with differences by race/ethnicity. Women with prior CT had three times the reported PID prevalence of women without CT. Further serologic research may refine the population-level impact of CT prevention activities, such as recommended annual CT screening, on PID incidence, particularly among non-Hispanic black women. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document