scholarly journals Increased Risk of Dementia in Patients Exposed to Nitrogen Dioxide and Carbon Monoxide: A Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e103078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuang-Hsi Chang ◽  
Mei-Yin Chang ◽  
Chih-Hsin Muo ◽  
Trong-Neng Wu ◽  
Chiu-Ying Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Nitrogen Dioxide ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Increased Risk

Increased risk of pyogenic liver abscess in patients with alcohol intoxication: A population-based retrospective cohort study

Alcohol ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 23-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao-Chien Wang ◽  
Kai-Wei Yang ◽  
Tien-Ying Peter Lee ◽  
Cheng-Li Lin ◽  
Geng-Wang Liaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Liver Abscess ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Pyogenic Liver Abscess ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Increased Risk

Increased risk of rheumatoid arthritis among patients with endometriosis: a nationwide population-based cohort study

Rheumatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Hao Xue ◽  
Liang-Tian You ◽  
Hsin-Fu Ting ◽  
Yu-Wen Chen ◽  
Zi-Yun Sheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Propensity Scores ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Objectives Autoimmunity may play a role in endometriosis. The association between endometriosis and RA remains unknown. This study was conducted to identify any evidence for this relationship. Methods This 13-year, nationwide, population-based, retrospective cohort study analysed the risk of RA in a cohort of individuals with endometriosis. We investigated the incidence of RA among patients with endometriosis using data from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2000, which is maintained by the Taiwan National Health Research Institutes. We used propensity scores to match comorbidities in the two cohorts. Kaplan–Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazard model were employed to analyse the association between endometriosis and RA among patients with different potential risks. Results Patients with endometriosis [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.75, 95% CI 1.27, 2.41], aged ≥45 years (adjusted HR 1.50, 95% CI 1.06–2.13) and with autoimmune disease (adjusted HR 6.99, 95% CI 2.84–17.21) had a significantly higher risk of RA. The analyses also showed that when stratified by age, comorbidities and medication use, the risk of RA in patients with endometriosis was also higher than in those without endometriosis. Conclusions This 14-year, nationwide, population-based retrospective cohort study revealed that patients with endometriosis have a higher risk of RA. In the clinical management of patients with RA, rheumatologists should be especially mindful of the possibility of underlying endometriosis.

scholarly journals Trends in self-poisoning and psychotropic drug use in people aged 5–19 years: a population-based retrospective cohort study in Australia

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. e026001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rose Cairns ◽  
Emily A Karanges ◽  
Anselm Wong ◽  
Jared A Brown ◽  
Jeff Robinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cohort Effect ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Psychotropic Medicine ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Self Harm

ObjectivesTo characterise trends in self-poisoning and psychotropic medicine use in young Australians.DesignPopulation-based retrospective cohort study.SettingCalls taken by the New South Wales and Victorian Poisons Information Centres (2006–2016, accounting for 70% of Australian poisoning calls); medicine dispensings in the 10% sample of Australian Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme data (July 2012 to June 2016).ParticipantsPeople aged 5–19 years.Main outcome measuresYearly trends in intentional poisoning exposure calls, substances taken in intentional poisonings, a prevalence of psychotropic use (dispensing of antidepressants, antipsychotics, benzodiazepines and medicines for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)).ResultsThere were 33 501 intentional poisonings in people aged 5–19 years, with an increase of 8.39% per year (95% CI 6.08% to 10.74%, p<0.0001), with a 98% increase overall, 2006–2016. This effect was driven by increased poisonings in those born after 1997, suggesting a birth cohort effect. Females outnumbered males 3:1. Substances most commonly taken in self-poisonings were paracetamol, ibuprofen, fluoxetine, ethanol, quetiapine, paracetamol/opioid combinations, sertraline and escitalopram. Psychotropic dispensing also increased, with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) increasing 40% and 35% July 2012 to June 2016 in those aged 5–14 and 15–19, respectively. Fluoxetine was the most dispensed SSRI. Antipsychotics increased by 13% and 10%, while ADHD medication dispensing increased by 16% and 10%, in those aged 5–14 and 15–19, respectively. Conversely, dispensing of benzodiazepines to these age groups decreased by 4% and 5%, respectively.ConclusionsOur results signal a generation that is increasingly engaging in self-harm and is increasingly prescribed psychotropic medications. These findings indicate growing mental distress in this cohort. Since people who self-harm are at increased risk of suicide later in life, these results may foretell future increases in suicide rates in Australia.

Progression of castrate-resistant (CR) disease in nonmetastatic (M0) prostate cancer (PC) patients: A retrospective cohort study using data from the Henry Ford Health System (HFHS).

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e15147-e15147
Author(s):  
Jennifer Beebe-Dimmer ◽  
Karynsa Cetin ◽  
Cecilia Yee ◽  
Lois Lamerato ◽  
Scott Stryker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Entire Cohort ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Diverse Patient Population

e15147 Background: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the cornerstone treatment of advanced PC, but is frequently used in the M0 setting. After a variable period of hormone-sensitivity, most patients develop CR disease (rising prostate-specific antigen [PSA] despite ongoing ADT). These men are at increased risk of developing bone metastases (BMT), particularly in those with higher serum PSA and shorter PSA doubling time (DT). The epidemiology and natural history of M0 CRPC has not been well-studied in a population-based setting. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using HFHS administrative data and included 691 men diagnosed with M0 PC between 1996 and 2005, who received ADT, with serial PSA measurements to determine CR. Patient records through 12/31/2008 were reviewed for outcomes of interest. CRPC was defined as 2 consecutive PSA rises, with “high risk” defined as PSA ≥8 ng/mL or PSA DT ≤10 months (mos) after the development of CRPC (Smith MR et al. Lancet 379:39-46, 2012). The risk of BMT was estimated for the entire cohort and for the CRPC and high-risk CRPC subsets. Results: Of the 691 patients included in the cohort (median age: 73 years, 48% African American), 98% received only GnRH agonists and 2% had orchiectomy. Median follow-up for the entire cohort after ADT initiation was 49 mos (IQR=45). 101 patients (15%) met criteria for CRPC during follow-up, with a median of 18 mos on active ADT prior to CRPC development (IQR=14). Of CRPC patients, 85% met criteria for high-risk (of those, 16% had PSA ≥8 ng/mL, 12% had PSA DT ≤10 mos, and 72% had both). Among all patients, 12% (n=82) developed BMT during follow-up, with 42% (n=36) of the high-risk CRPC subset developing BMT. Median time from high-risk CRPC to BMT was 9 mos (IQR=17). Conclusions: The HFHS resource allowed for our investigation of PSA characteristics corresponding to disease progression in a racially diverse patient population. A substantial proportion of M0 PC patients on ADT will eventually develop CR disease. Once a patient has CRPC, the risk of BMT is relatively high.

scholarly journals Use of gastric acid–suppressive agents increases the risk of dementia in patients with upper gastrointestinal disease: A population-based retrospective cohort study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0249050
Author(s):  
Hsiu-Chen Lin ◽  
Kuan-Tzu Huang ◽  
Hsiu-Li Lin ◽  
Yow-Sheng Uang ◽  
Yi Ho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Gastric Acid ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disease ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Background Prescriptions for gastric acid–suppressive agents, including proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) and histamine type-2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs), are rising. However, little data exist regarding their association with dementia in the Asian population. The objective of this study was thus to investigate the impact of the use of PPIs and H2RAs on the risk of dementia in an Asian population with upper gastrointestinal disease (UGID). Methods We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study with a 10-year follow-up using data from 2000 to 2015 derived from Taiwan’s Longitudinal Health Insurance Database. We included 6711 patients with UGID receiving gastric acid–suppressive agents, 6711 patients with UGID not receiving agents, and 6711 patients without UGID or treatment thereof, all at least 20 years of age. Groups were matched for age, sex, and index date. The association between gastric acid–suppressive agent use and dementia was analyzed using a Cox proportional hazards regression model adjusted for potential confounders. Results The adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of dementia for patients with UGID receiving gastric acid–suppressive agents compared with patients with UGID without gastric acid–suppressive agents was 1.470 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.267–1.705, p < 0.001). Both PPIs and H2RAs increase the risk of dementia (PPIs: aHR 1.886 [95% CI 1.377–2.582], p < 0.001; H2RAs: aHR 1.357 [95% CI 1.098–1.678], p < 0.01), with PPIs exhibiting significantly greater risk (aHR 1.456 [95% CI 1.022–2.075], p < 0.05). Conclusions Our results demonstrate an increased risk of dementia in patients with UGID receiving gastric acid–suppressive agents, including PPIs and H2RAs, and the use of PPIs was associated with a significantly greater risk than H2RA use.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document