Sedentary Behavior and Light Physical Activity Are Associated with Brachial and Central Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Patients

Background: Pregnancy influences longer-term vascular health for women. Moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior (SED) have been associated with blood pressure (BP) in non-pregnant adults. Self-reported pregnancy MVPA has been associated with less risk of hypertension during pregnancy, but associations of MVPA and SED patterns during pregnancy and postpartum BP have not been investigated. Methods: MVPA and SED were measured objectively in women in each trimester of a singleton pregnancy using triaxial and positional accelerometers and defined using established cut points. Systolic and diastolic BP obtained at the 6-week postpartum clinic visit were abstracted from medical charts. Latent class trajectory modeling was used to assign women to one of three MVPA and SED trajectory groups: low, medium, and high. Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to evaluate differences in systolic and diastolic BP between trajectory groups and linear regression was used to test for associations of MVPA and SED trajectory group assignment with BP. Adjustment variables included age, race, and postpartum BMI. Results: Of the 101 women in the study, 23 were African American, mean age = 31±0.5 years and mean postpartum BMI = 27.6±0.7 kg/m 2 . Mean postpartum systolic and diastolic BP were 114±1 and 71±1 mmHg. Systolic BP was similar among MVPA and SED trajectory groups. Diastolic BP differed between MVPA (low: 76±2, medium: 70±1, high: 70±2 mmHg, p<0.05) and SED (low: 71±3, medium: 69±1, high: 74±1, p<0.05) trajectory groups. In adjusted analyses, SED, but not MVPA, trajectory assignment was significantly associated with postpartum diastolic BP, b=3.1, 95% CI: 0.6, 5.6, p<0.02. Compared to the low SED trajectory, assignment to the high SED trajectory was associated with 4.9 (95% CI: -0.2, 10.0) mmHg higher diastolic BP in the adjusted model. Conclusions: SED trajectory across three trimesters of pregnancy was associated with postpartum diastolic BP, even after accounting for biologic covariates and MVPA. Results suggest avoiding high SED during pregnancy might help improve diastolic BP after delivery.

Download Full-text

Nebivolol reduces central blood pressure in stage I hypertensive patients: experimental single cohort study

Sao Paulo Medical Journal ◽

10.1590/1516-3180.2014.1325704 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 132 (5) ◽

pp. 290-296 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Renan Oliveira Vaz-de-Melo ◽

Luiz Tadeu Giollo-Júnior ◽

Débora Dada Martinelli ◽

Heitor Moreno-Júnior ◽

Marco Antônio Mota-Gomes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Antihypertensive Drugs ◽

Augmentation Index ◽

Stage I ◽

Central Blood Pressure ◽

Hypertensive Patients ◽

Before And After ◽

Β Blocker ◽

Single Cohort

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVES: Assessment of central blood pressure (BP) has grown substantially over recent years because evidence has shown that central BP is more relevant to cardiovascular outcomes than peripheral BP. Thus, different classes of antihypertensive drugs have different effects on central BP despite similar reductions in brachial BP. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of nebivolol, a β-blocker with vasodilator properties, on the biochemical and hemodynamic parameters of hypertensive patients.DESIGN AND SETTING: Experimental single cohort study conducted in the outpatient clinic of a university hospital.METHODS: Twenty-six patients were recruited. All of them underwent biochemical and hemodynamic evaluation (BP, heart rate (HR), central BP and augmentation index) before and after 3 months of using nebivolol.RESULTS: 88.5% of the patients were male; their mean age was 49.7 ± 9.3 years and most of them were overweight (29.6 ± 3.1 kg/m2) with large abdominal waist (102.1 ± 7.2 cm). There were significant decreases in peripheral systolic BP (P = 0.0020), diastolic BP (P = 0.0049), HR (P < 0.0001) and central BP (129.9 ± 12.3 versus 122.3 ± 10.3 mmHg; P = 0.0083) after treatment, in comparison with the baseline values. There was no statistical difference in the augmentation index or in the biochemical parameters, from before to after the treatment.CONCLUSIONS: Nebivolol use seems to be associated with significant reduction of central BP in stage I hypertensive patients, in addition to reductions in brachial systolic and diastolic BP.

Download Full-text

The Influence of Physical Activity on Arterial Pressure during Ambulatory Recordings in Man

Clinical Science ◽

10.1042/cs0580115 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 58 (1) ◽

pp. 115-117 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

D. B. Rowlands ◽

T. J. Stallard ◽

R. D. S. Watson ◽

W. A. Littler

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Arterial Pressure ◽

Ambulatory Blood Pressure ◽

Physical Activities ◽

Hypertensive Patients ◽

Arterial Blood ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Hypotensive Therapy

1. Ambulatory blood pressure recordings were made over a 48 h period on six hypertensive patients. The conditions of study were standardized, particularly with regard to physical activity, and during one period of each day the patients were randomly allocated to be active or inactive. 2. Results show that blood pressure was highest during physical activity and lowest during sleep. There was no significant difference between the arterial pressures measured during the same physical activities carried out at the same time each day. However, during the same time on consecutive days when activity was randomized, there was a significant difference between the pressure recordings during physical activity compared with those during inactivity. Heart rate changes showed a similar trend during the randomized period. 3. Physical activity and sleep have a profound effect on continuous arterial blood pressure recordings and these are independent of time alone. These observations should be taken into account when using this ambulatory system to assess hypotensive therapy.

Download Full-text

Accuracy of Accelerometers for Measuring Physical Activity and Levels of Sedentary Behavior in Children: A Systematic Review

Journal of Primary Care & Community Health ◽

10.1177/2150132719874252 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

pp. 215013271987425 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Brian A. Lynch ◽

Tara K. Kaufman ◽

Tamim I. Rajjo ◽

K. Mohammed ◽

Seema Kumar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Indirect Calorimetry ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Light Physical Activity ◽

Accuracy Measures ◽

Median Area

Objectives: This systematic review evaluated the accuracy of triaxial and omnidirectional accelerometers for measuring physical activity and sedentary behavior in children. Design: Systematic review of the literature. Methods: We comprehensively searched several databases for studies published from January 1996 through June 2018 that reported diagnostic accuracy measures in children and adolescents (age 3-18 years) and compared accelerometers with energy expenditure using indirect calorimetry. Results: We included 11 studies that enrolled 570 participants. All studies used indirect calorimetry as the reference standard. Across the studies, median sensitivity ranged from 46% to 96% and median specificity ranged from 71% to 96%. Median area under the curve ranged from 69% to 98%. Conclusions: Accuracy measures were greatest when detecting sedentary behavior and lowest when detecting light physical activity. Accuracy was higher when the accelerometer was placed on the hip compared with the wrist. The current evidence suggests that triaxial and omnidirectional accelerometers are accurate in measuring sedentary behavior and physical activity levels in children.

Download Full-text