scholarly journals Set Configuration in Resistance Exercise: Muscle Fatigue and Cardiovascular Effects

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. e0151163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Río-Rodríguez ◽  
Eliseo Iglesias-Soler ◽  
Miguel Fernández del Olmo
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Muscle Fatigue ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Exercise Muscle

Effects of String Stiffness on Muscle Fatigue After a Simulated Tennis Match

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Bernard Fabre ◽  
Vincent Martin ◽  
Gil Borelli ◽  
Jean Theurel ◽  
Laurent Grélot
Keyword(s):  
Resonant Frequency ◽  
Muscle Fatigue ◽  
Ball Speed ◽  
Tennis Players ◽  
High Stiffness ◽  
Fatigue Development ◽  
Low Stiffness ◽  
Exercise Muscle ◽  
Forearm Muscle ◽  
Tennis Match

We tested the influence of string stiffness on the occurrence of forearm muscle fatigue during a tennis match. Sixteen tennis players performed two prolonged simulated tennis matches with low-stiffness or high-stiffness string. Before and immediately after exercise, muscle fatigability was evaluated on the forearm muscles during a maximal intermittent gripping task. Groundstroke ball speeds and the profile of acceleration of the racquet frame at collision were recorded during each match. The peak-to-peak amplitude of acceleration and the resonant frequency of the frame were significantly greater with high- (5060 ± 1892 m/s2and 204 ± 29 Hz, respectively) than with low-stiffness string (4704 ± 1671 m/s2and 191 ± 16 Hz, respectively). The maximal and the averaged gripping forces developed during the gripping task were significantly reduced after the tennis match with high- (−15 ± 14%, and −22 ± 14%, respectively), but not with low-stiffness string. The decrease of ball speed during the simulated matches tended to be greater with high- than with low-stiffness string (P= .06). Hence, playing tennis with high-stiffness string promotes forearm muscle fatigue development, which could partly contribute to the groundstroke ball speed decrement during the game.

scholarly journals Increased net muscle protein balance in response to simultaneous and separate ingestion of carbohydrate and essential amino acids following resistance exercise

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver C. Witard ◽  
Tara L. Cocke ◽  
Arny A. Ferrando ◽  
Robert R. Wolfe ◽  
Kevin D. Tipton
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Exercise Bout ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Delayed Response ◽  
Protein Balance ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Exercise Muscle

Relative to essential amino acids (EAAs), carbohydrate (CHO) ingestion stimulates a delayed response of net muscle protein balance (NBAL). We investigated if staggered ingestion of CHO and EAA would superimpose the response of NBAL following resistance exercise, thus resulting in maximal anabolic stimulation. Eight recreationally trained subjects completed 2 trials: combined (COMB — drink 1, CHO+EAA; drink 2, placebo) and separated (SEP — drink 1, CHO; drink 2, EAA) post-exercise ingestion of CHO and EAA. Drink 1 was administered 1 h following an acute exercise bout and was followed 1 h later by drink 2. A primed, continuous infusion of l-[ring-13C6]-phenylalanine was combined with femoral arteriovenous sampling and muscle biopsies for the determination of muscle protein kinetics. Arterial amino acid concentrations increased following ingestion of EAA in both conditions. No difference between conditions was observed for phenylalanine delivery to the leg (COMB: 167 ± 23 μmol·min−1·(100 mL leg vol)−1 × 6 h; SEP: 167 ± 21 μmol·min−1·(100 mL leg vol)−1 × 6 h, P > 0.05). In the first hour following ingestion of the drink containing EAA, phenylalanine uptake was 50% greater for the SEP trial than the COMB trial. However, phenylalanine uptake was similar for COMB (110 ± 19 mg) and SEP (117 ± 24 mg) over the 6 h period. These data suggest that whereas separation of CHO and EAA ingestion following exercise may have a transient physiological impact on NBAL, this response is not reflected over a longer period. Thus, separation of CHO and EAA ingestion is unnecessary to optimize post-exercise muscle protein metabolism.

scholarly journals The Effect of Carbohydrate Ingestion Following Eccentric Resistance Exercise on AKT/mTOR and ERK Pathways: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Crossover Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 664-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vandre C. Figueiredo ◽  
Michelle M. Farnfield ◽  
Megan L.R. Ross ◽  
Petra Gran ◽  
Shona L. Halson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Mammalian Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
Erk Pathway ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Carbohydrate Ingestion ◽  
Akt Phosphorylation ◽  
Extracellular Signal ◽  
Exercise Muscle ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Double Blinded

Purpose: To determine the acute effects of carbohydrate (CHO) ingestion following a bout of maximal eccentric resistance exercise on key anabolic kinases of mammalian target of rapamycin and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathways. The authors’ hypothesis was that the activation of anabolic signaling pathways known to be upregulated by resistance exercise would be further stimulated by the physiological hyperinsulinemia resulting from CHO supplementation. Methods: Ten resistance-trained men were randomized in a crossover, double-blind, placebo (PLA)-controlled manner to ingest either a noncaloric PLA or 3 g/kg of CHO beverage throughout recovery from resistance exercise. Muscle biopsies were collected at rest, immediately after a single bout of intense lower body resistance exercise, and after 3 hr of recovery. Results: CHO ingestion elevated plasma glucose and insulin concentrations throughout recovery compared with PLA ingestion. The ERK pathway (phosphorylation of ERK1/2 [Thr202/Tyr204], RSK [Ser380], and p70S6K [Thr421/Ser424]) was markedly activated immediately after resistance exercise, without any effect of CHO supplementation. The phosphorylation state of AKT (Thr308) was unchanged postexercise in the PLA trial and increased at 3 hr of recovery above resting with ingestion of CHO compared with PLA. Despite stimulating-marked phosphorylation of AKT, CHO ingestion did not enhance resistance exercise–induced phosphorylation of p70S6K (Thr389) and rpS6 (Ser235/236 and Ser240/244). Conclusion: CHO supplementation after resistance exercise and hyperinsulinemia does not influence the ERK pathway nor the mTORC1 target p70S6K and its downstream proteins, despite the increased AKT phosphorylation.

scholarly journals Effects of Fish Oil Supplementation on Post-Resistance Exercise Muscle Soreness in Untrained Females

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 885
Author(s):  
Grant M. Tinsley ◽  
Joshua J. Gann ◽  
Stefan R. Huber ◽  
Paul M. La Bounty ◽  
Rodney G. Bowden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Oil ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Exercise Muscle ◽  
Fish Oil Supplementation

Essential Amino Acid-Carbohydrate Ingestion Prior to Resistance Exercise, Muscle AMPK Activity and Protein Synthesis

2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S112
Author(s):  
Satoshi Fujita ◽  
Hans C. Dreyer ◽  
Jerson G. Cadenas ◽  
Jessica Lee ◽  
Erin L. Glynn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Essential Amino Acid ◽  
Carbohydrate Ingestion ◽  
Ampk Activity ◽  
Exercise Muscle

scholarly journals Expression of growth-related genes in young and older human skeletal muscle following an acute stimulation of protein synthesis

2009 ◽  
Vol 106 (4) ◽  
pp. 1403-1411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Micah J. Drummond ◽  
Mitsunori Miyazaki ◽  
Hans C. Dreyer ◽  
Bart Pennings ◽  
Shaheen Dhanani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Muscle Protein Synthesis ◽  
Muscle Growth ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Exercise Muscle

Muscle growth is associated with an activation of the mTOR signaling pathway and satellite cell regulators. The purpose of this study was to determine whether 17 selected genes associated with mTOR/muscle protein synthesis and the satellite cells/myogenic program are differentially expressed in young and older human skeletal muscle at rest and in response to a potent anabolic stimulus [resistance exercise + essential amino acid ingestion (RE+EAA)]. Twelve male subjects (6 young, 6 old) completed a bout of heavy resistance exercise. Muscle biopsies were obtained before and at 3 and 6 h post RE+EAA. Subjects ingested leucine-enriched essential amino acids at 1 h postexercise. mRNA expression was determined using qRT-PCR. At rest, hVps34 mRNA was elevated in the older subjects ( P < 0.05) while there was a tendency for levels of myoD, myogenin, and TSC2 mRNA to be higher than young. The anabolic stimulus (RE+EAA) altered mRNAs associated with mTOR regulation. Notably, REDD2 decreased in both age groups ( P < 0.05) but the expression of Rheb mRNA increased only in the young. Finally, cMyc mRNA was elevated ( P < 0.05) in both young and old at 6 h post RE+EAA. Furthermore, RE+EAA also increased expression of several mRNAs associated with satellite function in the young ( P < 0.05), while expression of these mRNAs did not change in the old. We conclude that several anabolic genes in muscle are more responsive in young men post RE+EAA. Our data provide new insights into the regulation of genes important for transcription and translation in young and old human skeletal muscle post RE+EAA.

scholarly journals Effects of Intensity Method on MEF of Biceps Brachii and Number of Repetition during Barbell Curl Exercise

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S6) ◽  
pp. 316-321
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Muscle Fatigue ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Lower Intensity ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Intensity Condition

The purpose of this study was to investigate the number of repetitions and the MEF of the Biceps brachii for the 3 sets of maximal repetitive barbell curls with 3intensity. The subjects which were selected as men in their 20s who had more than 2 years of resistance exercise experience. The subjects also conducted a bar-cull experiment at each 7-day interval with a randoml assignment (50%1RM, 70%1RM, 90%1RM). In every one of the sets, the number of repetitions and the MEF of the Biceps brachii were measured. The measured two-way ANOVA was used, and the statistical significance was noted at the result of a = .05. The higher the intensity condition, the fewer the number of repetitions performed by the subject. The decrease of the number of repetitions was larger with a lower intensity condition. The lower the intensity, the higher the level of muscle fatigue was noted in the subject. In conclusion, it seems that the maximum repetitive exercise is seen to increase the muscle fatigue as the intensity is lower in those instances. Therefore, it is necessary to write a program considering the degree of muscle fatigue at low intensity in resistance exercise for the best results during an exercise program.

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