scholarly journals Differentiation of glaucomatous optic discs with different appearances using optic disc topography parameters: The Glaucoma Stereo Analysis Study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. e0169858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaki Tanito ◽  
Koji Nitta ◽  
Maki Katai ◽  
Yasushi Kitaoka ◽  
Yu Yokoyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Disc ◽  
Analysis Study ◽  
Stereo Analysis ◽  
Optic Discs

scholarly journals Comparisons between retinal vessel calibers and various optic disc morphologic parameters with different optic disc appearances: The Glaucoma Stereo Analysis Study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0250245
Author(s):  
Kazunobu Sugihara ◽  
Yasuyuki Takai ◽  
Ryo Kawasaki ◽  
Koji Nitta ◽  
Maki Katai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Optic Disc ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Retinal Vessel ◽  
Analysis Study ◽  
Stereo Analysis ◽  
Fundus Photographs ◽  
Retinal Arteriolar ◽  
Central Retinal Arteriolar Equivalent ◽  
Central Retinal Venular Equivalent

The Glaucoma Stereo Analysis Study (GSAS) is a multicenter collaborative study of the characteristics of glaucomatous optic disc morphology using a stereo fundus camera. This study evaluated the retinal vessel calibers and correlations using GSAS fundus photographs between retinal vessels and 38 optic nerve head (ONH) morphologic parameters comprehensively. In all 240 eyes, the mean central retinal arteriolar equivalent (CRAE) and central retinal venular equivalent (CRVE) were 138.4 and 216.5 μm, respectively; the CRAE correlated with age, visual field scores and 19 ONH parameters and CRVE correlated with age, intraocular pressure, visual field scores and 11 ONH parameters. Among the different optic disc appearances including focal ischemia (FI) (n = 53, 22%), generalized enlargement (GE) (n = 53, 22%), myopic glaucoma (MY) (n = 112, 47%), and senile sclerosis (SS) (n = 22, 9%), the CRAE did not differ significantly; CRVE was significantly narrower in SS than in FI and MY. In FI, GE, MY, and SS disc types, CRAE correlated with 3, 14, 9, and 2 ONH parameters, respectively, and CRVE corelated with 9, 0, 12, and 6 ONH parameters, respectively. We confirmed previous observations on the effect of retinal vessel narrowing on glaucomatous changes in the ONH and visual field. The associations between retinal vessel caliber and ONH morphologic parameters vary among different optic disc appearances, suggesting different effects of vascular changes in each disc type.

scholarly journals Validation of formula-predicted glaucomatous optic disc appearances: the Glaucoma Stereo Analysis Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. e42-e49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaki Tanito ◽  
Koji Nitta ◽  
Maki Katai ◽  
Yasushi Kitaoka ◽  
Yu Yokoyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Disc ◽  
Analysis Study ◽  
Stereo Analysis

Association between glaucomatous optic disc and depressive symptoms independent of light exposure profiles: a cross-sectional study of the HEIJO-KYO cohort

2018 ◽  
Vol 103 (8) ◽  
pp. 1119-1122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadanobu Yoshikawa ◽  
Kenji Obayashi ◽  
Kimie Miyata ◽  
Tetsuo Ueda ◽  
Norio Kurumatani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Optic Disc ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Optic Discs

BackgroundGlaucoma may cause physiological and behavioural circadian misalignment because of the loss of intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells, the primary receptors of environmental light. Although studies have suggested a high prevalence of depression in patients with glaucoma, it is unclear whether the association is independent of the light exposure profiles as an important confounding factor.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study of a community-based cohort of 770 elderly individuals (mean age, 70.9 years), glaucomatous optic discs were assessed using fundus photographs and depressive symptoms were assessed using the short version of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Daytime and night-time ambient light exposures were objectively measured for 2 days.ResultsDepressive symptoms (GDS score ≥6) were observed in 114 participants (prevalence, 14.8%) and glaucomatous optic discs were detected in 40 participants (prevalence, 5.2%). The prevalence of depressive symptoms was significantly higher in the group with glaucomatous optic disc than in the group without it (30.0% vs 14.0%, respectively; p=0.005). Multivariable logistic regression analysis adjusted for potential confounding factors, including daytime and night-time light exposures, revealed that the OR for depressive symptoms was significantly higher in the group with glaucomatous optic disc than in the group without it (OR 2.45, 95% CI 1.18 to 5.08; p=0.016).ConclusionsIn this general elderly population, glaucomatous optic disc was significantly associated with higher prevalence of depressive symptoms independent of a number of potential confounding factors, including daily light exposure profiles.

Is a virtual clinic model a safe and effective way for assessing patients referred with suspiciously blurred optic discs? The blurred disc clinic

2020 ◽  
pp. 112067212097604
Author(s):  
Joanna M Jefferis ◽  
Nigel Griffith ◽  
Daniel Blackwell ◽  
Ruth Batty ◽  
Simon J Hickman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Optic Disc ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
Referral Letter ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Face ◽  
Optic Discs ◽  
Eye Clinic ◽  
Virtual Clinic

Background: There are increasing numbers of referrals to ophthalmology departments due to blurred optic disc margins. In light of this and the COVID-19 pandemic we aimed to assess whether these patients could be safely assessed without direct contact between the clinician and patient. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of consecutive patients seen in our ‘blurred disc clinic’ between August 2018 and October 2019. We then presented anonymous information from their referral letter, their visual fields and optic nerve images to two consultant neuro-ophthalmologists blinded to the outcome of the face-to-face consultation. In the simulated virtual clinic, the two consultants were asked to choose an outcome for each patient from discharge, investigate or bring in for a face-to-face assessment. Results: Out of 133 patients seen in the blurred disc clinic, six (4.5%) were found to have papilloedema. All six were identified by both neuro-ophthalmologists as needing a face-to-face clinic consultation from the simulated virtual clinic. One hundred and twenty (90%) patients were discharged from the face-to-face clinic at the first consultation. The two neuro-ophthalmologists chose to discharge 114 (95%) and 99 (83%) of these respectively from the simulated virtual clinic. The virtual clinic would have potentially missed serious pathology in only one patient who had normal optic discs but reported diplopia at the previous face-to-face consultation. Conclusions: A virtual clinic model is an effective way of screening for papilloedema in patients referred to the eye clinic with suspicious optic discs. Unrelated or incidental pathology may be missed in a virtual clinic.

scholarly journals A Small Disc Area Is a Risk Factor for Visual Field Loss Progression in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: The Glaucoma Stereo Analysis Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasushi Kitaoka ◽  
Masaki Tanito ◽  
Yu Yokoyama ◽  
Koji Nitta ◽  
Maki Katai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Visual Field Loss ◽  
Morphological Parameters ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Analysis Study ◽  
Visual Field Progression ◽  
Stereo Analysis ◽  
Disc Area

Purpose. The Glaucoma Stereo Analysis Study, a cross-sectional multicenter collaborative study, used a stereo fundus camera (nonmyd WX) to assess various morphological parameters of the optic nerve head (ONH) in glaucoma patients. We compared the associations of each parameter between the visual field loss progression group and no-progression group. Methods. The study included 187 eyes of 187 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or normal-tension glaucoma. We divided the mean deviation (MD) slope values of all patients into the progression group (<−0.3 dB/year) and no-progression group (≧−0.3 dB/year). ONH morphological parameters were calculated with prototype analysis software. The correlations between glaucomatous visual field progression and patient characteristics or each ONH parameter were analyzed with Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. Results. The MD slope averages in the progression group and no-progression group were −0.58 ± 0.28 dB/year and 0.05 ± 0.26 dB/year, respectively. Among disc parameters, vertical disc width (diameter), disc area, cup area, and cup volume in the progression group were significantly less than those in the no-progression group. Logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association between the visual field progression and disc area (odds ratio 0.49/mm2 disc area). Conclusion. A smaller disc area may be associated with more rapid glaucomatous visual field progression.

scholarly journals Application of Principal Component Analysis in Automatic Localization of Optic Disc and Fovea in Retinal Images

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asloob Ahmad Mudassar ◽  
Saira Butt
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Optic Disc ◽  
Retinal Image ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Retinal Images ◽  
Image Area ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Vessel Tree ◽  
Optic Discs

A retinal image has blood vessels, optic disc, fovea, and so forth as the main components of an image. Segmentation of these components has been investigated extensively. Principal component analysis (PCA) is one of the techniques that have been applied to segment the optic disc, but only a limited work has been reported. To our knowledge, fovea segmentation problem has not been reported in the literature using PCA. In this paper, we are presenting the segmentation of optic disc and fovea using PCA. The PCA was trained on optic discs and foveae using ten retinal images and then applied on seventy retinal images with a success rate of 97% in case of optic discs and 94.3% in case of fovea. Conventional algorithms feed one patch at a time from a test retinal image, and the next patch separated by one pixel part is fed. This process is continued till the full image area is covered. This is time consuming. We are suggesting techniques to cut down the processing time with the help of binary vessel tree of a given test image. Results are presented to validate our idea.

scholarly journals Automatic Optic Disc Detection in Color Retinal Images by Local Feature Spectrum Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zhou ◽  
Hao Wu ◽  
Chengdong Wu ◽  
Xiaosheng Yu ◽  
Yugen Yi
Keyword(s):  
Optic Disc ◽  
Spectrum Analysis ◽  
Local Features ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
Local Feature ◽  
Retinal Images ◽  
Selection Approach ◽  
Automated Screening ◽  
Optic Discs ◽  
Screening Systems

The optic disc is a key anatomical structure in retinal images. The ability to detect optic discs in retinal images plays an important role in automated screening systems. Inspired by the fact that humans can find optic discs in retinal images by observing some local features, we propose a local feature spectrum analysis (LFSA) that eliminates the influence caused by the variable spatial positions of local features. In LFSA, a dictionary of local features is used to reconstruct new optic disc candidate images, and the utilization frequencies of every atom in the dictionary are considered as a type of “spectrum” that can be used for classification. We also employ the sparse dictionary selection approach to construct a compact and representative dictionary. Unlike previous approaches, LFSA does not require the segmentation of vessels, and its method of considering the varying information in the retinal images is both simple and robust, making it well-suited for automated screening systems. Experimental results on the largest publicly available dataset indicate the effectiveness of our proposed approach.

scholarly journals Refining decisions on which primary care patients to screen for glaucoma

2009 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Bruce Wick ◽  
Ronald Gall
Keyword(s):  
Optic Disc ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Anterior Chamber Depth ◽  
Care Patient ◽  
Ocular Structure ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Disc Area ◽  
Primary Care Patients ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Optic Discs

Introduction: Glaucoma, which is often accompanied by elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), causes progressive optic nerve atrophy and blindness. Among ocular structure parameters abnormalities in central corneal thickness (CCT), cup-to-disc (C/D) ratio, inter-eye C/D ratio asymmetry, optic disc area, and neuro-retinal rim area (N-RRA) appear to be highly correlated with glaucoma. We compare these specific ocular structures in a group of young normal pre-presbyopic patients and in a group of patients being treated for glaucoma. Methods: After written informed consent, 1433 consecutive normal, and 56 consecutive patients being treated for glaucoma were assessed by including age, race, sex, IOP (NCT), C/D ratio, optic disc area, N-RRA (Optos), central center thickness (CCT), and anterior chamber depth. Results: Combinations of findings in CCT, C/D ratio, C/D ratio asymmetry, disc area, and N-RRA (assessed by Z-score) were present in 65.52% of patients being treated for glaucoma and 22.96% of young normal patients. For young normal patients, overall average CCT was 550.37+/-39.47µm. Overall average C/D ratio was 0.39+/-0.11. Inter-eye C/D asymmetry was 0.02+/-0.06. Overall average disc area was 2.46+/-0.49mm2 (7863.54+/1630.42 pixels). Overall average N-RRA was 1.44+/-0.35mm2 (4785.88+/1161.14 pixels). C/D ratio increased modestly with disc area increase, an increase not associated with thinning N-RRA. Thin N-RRA was associated with small optic discs that had large C/D (t=-8.21, p=0.000, DF=93). There was a significant difference between young normal patients and patients being treated for glaucoma in CCT, C/D ratio, C/D ratio asymmetry, disc area, and N-RRA. Conclusion: More than one in five (22.96%) young normal patients has ocular structure findings similar to those found in patients being treated for glaucoma. These results will help refine decisions on which primary eye care patient to screen for glaucoma.

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