scholarly journals Refining decisions on which primary care patients to screen for glaucoma

2009 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Bruce Wick ◽  
Ronald Gall
Keyword(s):  
Optic Disc ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Anterior Chamber Depth ◽  
Care Patient ◽  
Ocular Structure ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Disc Area ◽  
Primary Care Patients ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Optic Discs

Introduction: Glaucoma, which is often accompanied by elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), causes progressive optic nerve atrophy and blindness. Among ocular structure parameters abnormalities in central corneal thickness (CCT), cup-to-disc (C/D) ratio, inter-eye C/D ratio asymmetry, optic disc area, and neuro-retinal rim area (N-RRA) appear to be highly correlated with glaucoma. We compare these specific ocular structures in a group of young normal pre-presbyopic patients and in a group of patients being treated for glaucoma. Methods: After written informed consent, 1433 consecutive normal, and 56 consecutive patients being treated for glaucoma were assessed by including age, race, sex, IOP (NCT), C/D ratio, optic disc area, N-RRA (Optos), central center thickness (CCT), and anterior chamber depth. Results: Combinations of findings in CCT, C/D ratio, C/D ratio asymmetry, disc area, and N-RRA (assessed by Z-score) were present in 65.52% of patients being treated for glaucoma and 22.96% of young normal patients. For young normal patients, overall average CCT was 550.37+/-39.47µm. Overall average C/D ratio was 0.39+/-0.11. Inter-eye C/D asymmetry was 0.02+/-0.06. Overall average disc area was 2.46+/-0.49mm2 (7863.54+/1630.42 pixels). Overall average N-RRA was 1.44+/-0.35mm2 (4785.88+/1161.14 pixels). C/D ratio increased modestly with disc area increase, an increase not associated with thinning N-RRA. Thin N-RRA was associated with small optic discs that had large C/D (t=-8.21, p=0.000, DF=93). There was a significant difference between young normal patients and patients being treated for glaucoma in CCT, C/D ratio, C/D ratio asymmetry, disc area, and N-RRA. Conclusion: More than one in five (22.96%) young normal patients has ocular structure findings similar to those found in patients being treated for glaucoma. These results will help refine decisions on which primary eye care patient to screen for glaucoma.

scholarly journals Comparison of Anterior Ocular Biometric Measurements Using Swept-Source and Time-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Sisi Chen ◽  
Rongrong Gao ◽  
Colm McAlinden ◽  
Junming Ye ◽  
Yiran Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Domain ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Anterior Chamber Depth ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Swept Source ◽  
Significant Difference

Purpose. To compare central corneal thickness (CCT), aqueous depth (AQD), and anterior chamber depth (ACD) measurements using the swept-source (CASIA SS-1000, Tomey, Japan) and time-domain (Visante, Carl Zeiss Meditec, USA) anterior segment optical coherence tomographers (OCT) in normal eyes. Methods. Sixty-eight eyes of 68 subjects were included. Three consecutive scans of each subject were obtained using both devices in a random order by one experienced operator. Standard deviation (Sw), coefficient of repeatability (CoR), coefficients of variation (CoV), and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were used to evaluate the intraoperator repeatability. Agreement was assessed using the Bland–Altman plots and 95% limits of agreement (LoA). Results. All measurements of the swept-source OCT (SS-OCT) and time-domain OCT (TD-OCT) showed high repeatability with low CoR (CCT: 2.34 μm and 6.16 μm; AQD: 0.05 mm and 0.09 mm; ACD: 0.06 mm and 0.09 mm), low CoV (CCT: 0.16% and 0.42%; AQD: 0.61% and 0.97%; ACD: 0.53% and 0.83%), and high ICC (>0.98). The mean CCT with SS-OCT was slightly thicker than the results with TD-OCT (difference = 4.55 ± 2.62 μm, P<0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in AQD or ACD measurements between the two devices (0.01 ± 0.05 mm, P=0.111; 0.02 ± 0.05 mm, P=0.022, respectively). The 95% LoA between the SS-OCT and TD-OCT were −0.59 to 9.69 μm for CCT, −0.10 to 0.12 mm for AQD, and −0.09 to 0.12 mm for ACD. Conclusions. High levels of repeatability and agreement were found between the two devices for all three parameters, suggesting interchangeability. SS-OCT demonstrated superior repeatability compared with TD-OCT.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Anterior Segment’s Structures in Tilted Disc Syndrome

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ercan Ozsoy ◽  
Abuzer Gunduz ◽  
Ersin Ersan Demirel ◽  
Tongabay Cumurcu
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Chamber ◽  
Axial Length ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Anterior Chamber Depth ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tilted Disc Syndrome ◽  
Chamber Volume ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tilted Disc

Purpose. To evaluate anterior segment’s structures by Pentacam in patients with tilted disc syndrome (TDS).Methods. Group 1 included forty-six eyes of forty-six patients who have the TDS. Group 2 including forty-six eyes of forty-six cases was the control group which was equal to the study group in age, gender, and refraction. A complete ophthalmic examination was performed in both groups. All cases were evaluated by Pentacam. The axial length (AL) of eyes was measured by ultrasound. Quantitative data obtained from these measurements were compared between two groups.Results. There was no statistically significant difference for age, gender, axial length, and spherical equivalent measurements between two groups (p=0.625,p=0.830,p=0.234, andp=0.850). There was a statistically significant difference for central corneal thickness (CCT), corneal volume (CV), anterior chamber angle (ACA), and pupil size measurements between two groups (p=0.001,p=0.0001,p=0.003, andp=0.001). Also, there was no statistically significant difference for anterior chamber depth (ACD), anterior chamber volume (ACV), and lens thickness (LT) measurements between two groups (p=0.130,p=0.910, andp=0.057).Conclusion. We determined that CCT was thinner, CV was less, and ACA was narrower in patients with TDS. There are some changes in the anterior segment of the eyes with tilted disc.

scholarly journals Comparison of Axial Ocular Measurements with Contact and Non-contact Biometry

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Arslan Ashraf ◽  
Muhammad Suhail Sarwar ◽  
Muhammad Awais Afzal ◽  
Imran Khalid ◽  
Sehrish Shahid
Keyword(s):  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Anterior Chamber Depth ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Kappa Test ◽  
Parametric Data ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Graphical Presentation

Purpose:  To compare between non-contact and contact biometry for measurements of central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT) and axial length (AL). Study Design: Descriptive Cross Sectional Study. Place and Duration of Study:  Mayo Hospital, Lahore from June 2018 to December 2018. Material and Methods:  Eighty-four subjects, (168 non-pathological eyes) visiting the eye outpatients department were recruited by non-probability convenience sampling. Patients with high refractive errors and suffering from any ocular pathology were excluded from the study. CCT, ACD, LT and AL were measured with non-contact Biometer (HAAG Streit) followed by Contact Biometer (Ultrasound) after taking consent from the patient. Data was entered and analyzed by using SPSS-21 and Medcalc software. Normality of quantitative data was checked with Shapiro Wilk test. Independent sample t test was used for parametric variable and Mann Whitney-U test was used for non-parametric data. For the agreement between two techniques Cohen’s Kappa test used and Bland-Altman plot was drawn for graphical presentation. P-value equal or less than 0.05 was taken as significant. Results:  Mean age of 84 subject (female: 45.24% and male: 54.76%) was 53.05 ± 13.56 years. The AL was significantly longer for the non-contact measurement with the difference of 0.53 ± 0.32 mm (p < 0.001). Contact pachymetry was significantly higher with the difference of 8.67 ± 20.83 µm (p = 0.046). ACD was significantly deeper for non-contact measurements with the difference of 0.51 ± 0.32 mm (p < 0.001). Contact ultrasound A-scan measured LT significantly thicker with the difference of 0.59 ± 0.56 mm (p < 0.001). Conclusion:  There is significant difference of axial ocular measurements (CCT, ACD, LT and AL) between contact (ultrasound A-scan) and non-contact (HAAG Streit) biometry (p < 0.05).

scholarly journals Short-Term Changes in the Anterior Segment and Retina after Small Incision Lenticule Extraction

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanwei Chen ◽  
Huaping Liao ◽  
Yue Sun ◽  
Xi Shen
Keyword(s):  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Optic Disc ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Anterior Chamber Depth ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Small Incision Lenticule Extraction ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Small Incision ◽  
Lenticule Extraction

Abstract Background: To analyse short-term changes in the anterior segment and retina after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE).Methods: Patients with myopia scheduled for SMILE were recruited from Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, China. Basic patient information such as age, sex, and refractive errors was recorded. Ocular measurements were taken before surgery, and 1 day and 1 week after surgery; they included axial length (AL), central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT), white to white (WTW), pupil diameter (PD), macular thickness (MT), ganglion cell layer thickness (GCL), retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFL), choroidal thickness (CT), macular vessel density, and optic disc vessel density.Results: Sixty-one eyes of 31 patients were selected for this study. AL, CCT, ACD, and postoperative PD were significantly reduced (p<0.05), while LT was thickened after surgery (p<0.05). MT at the fovea decreased 1 day and 1 week after surgery (p<0.05). GCL showed no significant changes after surgery. RNFL was unchanged 1 day after surgery, but the inferior sector was thickened 1 week after surgery. CT was thicker at the fovea 1 day after surgery and 1.0 mm from the fovea in the nasal sector 1 week after surgery. Macular vessel density was significantly decreased 1 day after surgery and most recovered in 1 week. Optic disc vessel density decreased at the peripapillary part 1 day after surgery and recovered after 1 week. 𝜟ACD and 𝜟LT showed no significant correlation 1 day after surgery. 𝜟ACD was negatively correlated with 𝜟LT and sphere 1 week after surgery (r=-0.847, p<0.000; r=-0.398, p=0.002). 𝜟LT was positively correlated with the sphere 1 week after surgery (r=0.256, p=0.048).Conclusion: The anterior segment was the most affected, while the retina also underwent changes with regard to MT, RNFL, CT, macular vessel density, and peripapillary vessel density.

scholarly journals ‘Comparison of Safety and Performance of Two Ophthalmic Viscosurgical Devices in Cataract Surgery’

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
öznur işcan ◽  
Banu Torun Acar ◽  
Burcu Nurozler Tarakcı
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Anterior Chamber Depth ◽  
Sodium Hyaluronate ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Purpose: To compare the safety and performance of two ophthalmic viscosurgical devices (OVDs) Bio-Hyalur SV (Sodium Hyaluronate 3.0%) (Biotech Healthcare Group, Luzern, Switzerland) and Protectalon (sodium hyaluronate 2.0%) (VSY Biotechnology, Turkey) in cataract surgery. Methods: One hundred twenty eyes of one hundred twenty patients who underwent phacoemulsification surgery were included in the study. Postoperatively sixty eyes using Bio-Hyalur-SV were classified as Group 1, and sixty eyes using Protectalon as Group 2. Patients aged 45 and over, Grade I, II or III unilateral / double stained cataract, healthy eyes creating cataract inclueded in this study . Endothelial cell morphological parameters including endothelial cell density (ECD), cell number, cell area, coefficient of variation (CV) in cell size, cell hexagonality and central corneal thickness (CCT) were measured preoperatively and at postoperative first week, first and third month visits.Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured with an applanation tonometer at every visit. Results: . There was a statistically significant decrease in the mean ECD all follow-up times when compared with the preoperative visit (p=0.000). In terms of mean ECD levels there was no significant difference between the two groups within three months postoperatively (p=0.616) In the first week after surgery, there was an significant increase in CCT in Group 1 and Group 2 respectively (p=0.000). The IOP was <23 mmHg in all of the patients on the first day after surgery. There was no significant difference in the incidence of IOP peaks between the two groups in every vizits. In both groups, a significant increase was observed in the mean IOP at first day, first week, and first month after surgery compared to preoperative values (p=0.000). But no significant difference in IOP increase in Group 1 (P=0.092), Group 2 (P=0.013) compared to preoperative values ​​at third month postoperatively (p <0.001 significant with Bonferrotti correction). Conclusion: The two OVD’s used in this study during cataract surgery were safe and effective. Both OVD’s resulted in similar rates of transient IOP increases and corneal endothelial damage also provided good anterior chamber depth and were fairly easy to remove.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Optical Low Coherence Reflectometry Parameters in Patients with Exfoliation Syndrome

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Emrullah Beyazyıldız ◽  
Özlem Beyazyıldız ◽  
Süleyman Günaydın ◽  
Emrah Kan ◽  
Mert Şimşek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Anterior Chamber Depth ◽  
Exfoliation Syndrome ◽  
Low Coherence ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Optical Low Coherence Reflectometry ◽  
Group 1

Purpose. To evaluate optical low coherence reflectometry (OLCR) parameters in patients with exfoliation syndrome (EXS) undergoing cataract surgery.Methods. Forty-seven eyes of 47 patients with EXS (Group 1), and 55 eyes of 55 healthy subjects (Group 2) were included in the study. Anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT), axial length (AL), central corneal thickness (CCT), horizontal corneal length (HCL), and pupil diameter (PD) parameters were measured by OLCR (Lenstar LS 900, Haag-Streit) and compared between groups. Shapiro-Wilk test and Mann WhitneyUtests were used for statistical analyses.Results. The mean ACD, HCL, and PD values were significantly lower in EXS group than in healthy subjects (P= 0.01,P= 0.04, andP<0.001, resp.). The mean LT was significantly higher in EXS group than in healthy subjects (P= 0.007). There was no significant difference between groups in means of AXL and CCT.Conclusions. According to OLCR measures, eyes with EXS have shallower ACD, smaller PD, thicker LT, shorter HCL, and no significantly different CCT levels.

Evaluation of biometric parameters in phacomorphic glaucoma and mature cataracts

2020 ◽  
pp. 112067212091453
Author(s):  
Ali Keleş ◽  
Emine Şen ◽  
Ufuk Elgin
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Chamber ◽  
Axial Length ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Central Corneal Thickness ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Anterior Chamber Depth ◽  
Mature Cataract ◽  
Biometric Parameters ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Purpose: The aims of this study were to compare the biometric parameters and axial lengths of eyes with phacomorphic glaucoma and mature cataract and to identify differences that might predispose to development of phacomorphic glaucoma. Methods: Three hundred forty-two patients were enrolled in this retrospective study. The eyes were divided into four groups—Group (G)1: phacomorphic glaucoma ( n = 29), G2: mature cataract ( n = 313), G3: contralateral phacomorphic glaucoma ( n = 29), and G4: contralateral mature cataract ( n = 313). Central corneal thickness and anterior chamber depth were assessed by optical low-coherence reflectometry (Lenstar LS 900®; Haag-Streit AG, Switzerland), while axial length was determined by A-scan ultrasound biometry. Results: The mean central corneal thickness of G1 was significantly higher than in other groups ( p < 0.001) and the mean anterior chamber depth of G1 was the lowest among the groups ( p < 0.001). Also, G2 had lower mean anterior chamber depth than G4 ( p < 0.001) and G3 had lower mean anterior chamber depth than G4 ( p = 0.007). Anterior chamber depth less than 3.27 mm had the higher odds ratio for distinguishing G3 versus G4 (odds ratio = 10.79, p < 0.001). Furthermore, patients aged ⩾68.9 years had the higher odds ratio for distinguishing G1 versus G2 (odds ratio = 2.82, p = 0.019). There was no significant difference in the presence of pseudoexfoliation material between G1 and G2 ( p = 0.057). There were no significant differences in axial length values among the four groups ( p = 0.097). Conclusion: Advanced age and shallow anterior chamber depth were found to be risk factors for developing phacomorphic glaucoma, but the presence of pseudoexfoliation material was not found to play a role as a risk factor in phacomorphic glaucoma development.

scholarly journals Preoperative Anatomy Parameters in Implantable Collamer Lenses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanzhen Xue ◽  
Yonghong Guo ◽  
Ruibo Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Anterior Chamber ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Anterior Chamber Depth ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Purpose: To determine patient preoperative anatomical features and the parameters of implantable collamer lenses (ICLs) relevant in explaining vault variability.Setting: Ophthalmology Xi’an Aier Gucheng Eye hospital , Xi’an China.Design: Retrospective case series.Methods:This study comprised 88 eyes of 45 patients implanted with myopic or toric ICLs between May 2021 and August 2021.Pentacam imaging was used for assessing white-to-white (WTW) diameter, central keratometry, anterior chamber depth(ACD), central corneal thickness and vault. Anterior-segment optical coherence tomography（AS-OCT） was used to measure the horizontal anterior chamber angle distance (ATA). Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) was used to measure horizontal and vertical sulcus to sulcus(vSTS). According to different ACD,we divide ACD into shallow group(2.8 to 3.2 mm),medium group(3.2 to 3.5 mm),and deep group(＞3.5mm).Results: Linear regression analysis found significant correlation between WTW diameters and ATA diameters( y= 0.9605x+0.1491,R² = 0.9148),with a coefficient of determinant of 0.9148 (P＜0.01). Linear regression analysis found significant correlation between hSTS and vSTS（y=0.9855x-0.0178,R²=0.1979）,with a coefficient of determinant of 0.1979 (P＜0.01). WTW diameters showed statistically significant difference in shallow and medium ACD (t=-3.28,P＜0.01 ), significant difference in shallow and deep ACD (t=-4.69,P＜0.01 ),there was no correlation in medium and deep ACD(t=-1.41,P＞0.05 ). There was a statistically significant correlation between WTW diameters and hSTS diameters when the ACD was less than 3.5 mm (t=-0.451, P=0.000) (t=1.406, P=0.026),but weak correlation when the ACD was bigger than 3.5 mm(t=1.594, P=0.051). ATA and WTW with a mean difference close to zero(-0.66 mm). Despite the relatively high correlation (intraclass correlation co-efficient =0.689), the range of agreement is quite broad (1.33 mm).Conclusions:ATA measured with AS-OCT can not be used interchangeably with WTW obtained with Pentacam. WTW diameters and hSTS diameters have a statistically significant correlation when the ACD was less than 3.5 mm. WTW, ATA, hSTS and vSTS all should be considered during design the size of lens and regulating the vault after surgery.

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