A genomics approach identifies selective effects of trans-resveratrol in cerebral cortex neuron and glia gene expression

The function(s) of sleep remains a major unanswered question in biology. We assessed changes in gene expression in the mouse cerebral cortex and hypothalamus following different durations of sleep and periods of sleep deprivation. There were significant differences in gene expression between behavioral states; we identified 3,988 genes in the cerebral cortex and 823 genes in the hypothalamus with altered expression patterns between sleep and sleep deprivation. Changes in the steady-state level of transcripts for various genes are remarkably common during sleep, as 2,090 genes in the cerebral cortex and 409 genes in the hypothalamus were defined as sleep specific and changed (increased or decreased) their expression during sleep. The largest categories of overrepresented genes increasing expression with sleep were those involved in biosynthesis and transport. In both the cerebral cortex and hypothalamus, during sleep there was upregulation of multiple genes encoding various enzymes involved in cholesterol synthesis, as well as proteins for lipid transport. There was also upregulation during sleep of genes involved in synthesis of proteins, heme, and maintenance of vesicle pools, as well as antioxidant enzymes and genes encoding proteins of energy-regulating pathways. We postulate that during sleep there is a rebuilding of multiple key cellular components in preparation for subsequent wakefulness.

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Role of antioxidants on Na+,K+-ATPase activity and gene expression in cerebral cortex of hyperprolinemic rats

Metabolic Brain Disease ◽

10.1007/s11011-011-9243-0 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 141-147 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Andréa G. K. Ferreira ◽

Francieli M. Stefanello ◽

Aline A. Cunha ◽

Maira J. da Cunha ◽

Talita C. B. Pereira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Cerebral Cortex ◽

Atpase Activity

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Transcriptomic Modification in the Cerebral Cortex following Noninvasive Brain Stimulation: RNA-Sequencing Approach

Neural Plasticity ◽

10.1155/2016/5942980 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-15 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ben Holmes ◽

Seung Ho Jung ◽

Jing Lu ◽

Jessica A. Wagner ◽

Liudmilla Rubbi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Cerebral Cortex ◽

Rna Sequencing ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Expression Profiles ◽

Gene Expression Profiles ◽

Current Intensity ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Group A ◽

The Impact

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been shown to modulate neuroplasticity. Beneficial effects are observed in patients with psychiatric disorders and enhancement of brain performance in healthy individuals has been observed following tDCS. However, few studies have attempted to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms of tDCS in the brain. This study was conducted to assess the impact of tDCS on gene expression within the rat cerebral cortex. Anodal tDCS was applied at 3 different intensities followed by RNA-sequencing and analysis. In each current intensity, approximately 1,000 genes demonstrated statistically significant differences compared to the sham group. A variety of functional pathways, biological processes, and molecular categories were found to be modified by tDCS. The impact of tDCS on gene expression was dependent on current intensity. Results show that inflammatory pathways, antidepressant-related pathways (GTP signaling, calcium ion binding, and transmembrane/signal peptide pathways), and receptor signaling pathways (serotonergic, adrenergic, GABAergic, dopaminergic, and glutamate) were most affected. Of the gene expression profiles induced by tDCS, some changes were observed across multiple current intensities while other changes were unique to a single stimulation intensity. This study demonstrates that tDCS can modify the expression profile of various genes in the cerebral cortex and that these tDCS-induced alterations are dependent on the current intensity applied.

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Preproenkephalin gene expression in the rat cerebral cortex during chronic tracheal stenosis

Neurological Research ◽

10.1080/01616412.1994.11740230 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 213-216 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. Aoki ◽

Y. Kikuchi ◽

K. Abe ◽

H. Kurosawa ◽

H. Ogawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Cerebral Cortex ◽

Tracheal Stenosis ◽

Rat Cerebral Cortex

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The hem of the embryonic cerebral cortex is defined by the expression of multiple Wnt genes and is compromised in Gli3-deficient mice

Development ◽

10.1242/dev.125.12.2315 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 125 (12) ◽

pp. 2315-2325 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

E.A. Grove ◽

S. Tole ◽

J. Limon ◽

L. Yip ◽

C.W. Ragsdale

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Cerebral Cortex ◽

Choroid Plexus ◽

Gene Families ◽

Cubitus Interruptus ◽

Embryonic Mouse ◽

Developmental Relationship ◽

Cortical Hem ◽

Deficient Mice

In the developing vertebrate CNS, members of the Wnt gene family are characteristically expressed at signaling centers that pattern adjacent parts of the neural tube. To identify candidate signaling centers in the telencephalon, we isolated Wnt gene fragments from cDNA derived from embryonic mouse telencephalon. In situ hybridization experiments demonstrate that one of the isolated Wnt genes, Wnt7a, is broadly expressed in the embryonic telencephalon. By contrast, three others, Wnt3a, 5a and a novel mouse Wnt gene, Wnt2b, are expressed only at the medial edge of the telencephalon, defining the hem of the cerebral cortex. The Wnt-rich cortical hem is a transient, neuron-containing, neuroepithelial structure that forms a boundary between the hippocampus and the telencephalic choroid plexus epithelium (CPe) throughout their embryonic development. Indicating a close developmental relationship between the cortical hem and the CPe, Wnt gene expression is upregulated in the cortical hem both before and just as the CPe begins to form, and persists until birth. In addition, although the cortical hem does not show features of differentiated CPe, such as expression of transthyretin mRNA, the CPe and cortical hem are linked by shared expression of members of the Bmp and Msx gene families. In the extra-toesJ (XtJ) mouse mutant, telencephalic CPe fails to develop. We show that Wnt gene expression is deficient at the cortical hem in XtJ/XtJ mice, but that the expression of other telencephalic developmental control genes, including Wnt7a, is maintained. The XtJ mutant carries a deletion in Gli3, a vertebrate homolog of the Drosophila gene cubitus interruptus (ci), which encodes a transcriptional regulator of the Drosophila Wnt gene, wingless. Our observations indicate that Gli3 participates in Wnt gene regulation in the vertebrate telencephalon, and suggest that the loss of telencephalic choroid plexus in XtJ mice is due to defects in the cortical hem that include Wnt gene misregulation.

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