scholarly journals "My wife's mistrust. That's the saddest part of being a diabetic": A qualitative study of sexual well-being in men with Type 2 diabetes in sub-Saharan Africa

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. e0202413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Cooper ◽  
Natalie Leon ◽  
Hazel Namadingo ◽  
Kirsten Bobrow ◽  
Andrew J. Farmer
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Sub Saharan

scholarly journals Significance of African Diets in Biotherapeutic Modulation of the Gut Microbiome

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 117793222110126
Author(s):  
PO Isibor ◽  
PA Akinduti ◽  
OS Aworunse ◽  
JO Oyewale ◽  
O Oshamika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Brown Rice ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Diet plays an essential role in human development and growth, contributing to health and well-being. The socio-economic values, cultural perspectives, and dietary formulation in sub-Saharan Africa can influence gut health and disease prevention. The vast microbial ecosystems in the human gut frequently interrelate to maintain a healthy, well-coordinated cellular and humoral immune signalling to prevent metabolic dysfunction, pathogen dominance, and induction of systemic diseases. The diverse indigenous diets could differentially act as biotherapeutics to modulate microbial abundance and population characteristics. Such modulation could prevent stunted growth, malnutrition, induction of bowel diseases, attenuated immune responses, and mortality, particularly among infants. Understanding the associations between specific indigenous African diets and the predictability of the dynamics of gut bacteria genera promises potential biotherapeutics towards improving the prevention, control, and treatment of microbiome-associated diseases such as cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. The dietary influence of many African diets (especially grain-base such as millet, maize, brown rice, sorghum, soya, and tapioca) promotes gut lining integrity, immune tolerance towards the microbiota, and its associated immune and inflammatory responses. A fibre-rich diet is a promising biotherapeutic candidate that could effectively modulate inflammatory mediators’ expression associated with immune cell migration, lymphoid tissue maturation, and signalling pathways. It could also modulate the stimulation of cytokines and chemokines involved in ensuring balance for long-term microbiome programming. The interplay between host and gut microbial digestion is complex; microbes using and competing for dietary and endogenous proteins are often attributable to variances in the comparative abundances of Enterobacteriaceae taxa. Many auto-inducers could initiate the process of quorum sensing and mammalian epinephrine host cell signalling system. It could also downregulate inflammatory signals with microbiota tumour taxa that could trigger colorectal cancer initiation, metabolic type 2 diabetes, and inflammatory bowel diseases. The exploitation of essential biotherapeutic molecules derived from fibre-rich indigenous diet promises food substances for the downregulation of inflammatory signalling that could be harmful to gut microbiota ecological balance and improved immune response modulation.

scholarly journals Experiences of type 2 diabetes in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikaela Zimmermann ◽  
Christopher Bunn ◽  
Hazel Namadingo ◽  
Cindy M. Gray ◽  
John Lwanda
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Sub Saharan

scholarly journals Nurse-Led Education and Engagement for Diabetes Care in Sub-Saharan Africa: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arti Singh ◽  
Michelle Nichols
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Task Shifting ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Sub Saharan

BACKGROUND As the impact of diabetes grows steeply in sub-Saharan Africa, improvement of the control and treatment of diabetes is a goal that health care systems in sub-Saharan Africa must achieve in the near future. Sub-Saharan Africa faces a number of challenges in addressing the increasing effects of diabetes. One important factor is the shortage of adequately trained health care workers. Diabetes management in sub-Saharan Africa would benefit from innovative approaches that are founded upon solid theoretical constructs, built upon existing human resources and infrastructure, and culturally tailored to the priorities and needs of the local population. Existing resources, such as mobile phones and task-shifting strategies, may be used to assist individuals with glycemic self-management and to facilitate management of additional day-to-day clinical responsibilities. OBJECTIVE The objective of the Nurse-Led Education and Engagement Study for Diabetes Care (NEEDS) mixed-methods protocol is to develop a practical, collaborative, effective, and sustainable program for diabetes prevention and management specifically for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in sub-Saharan Africa. The protocol aims to improve access to care through task-shifting strategies and the use of mobile health technology. METHODS This study was designed using a convergent parallel mixed-methods approach that consisted of surveys, key informant interviews, focus group discussions, and focused ethnography. Novel approaches, such as task-shifting strategies and the use of mobile technology, were implemented for type 2 diabetes mellitus health care in sub-Saharan Africa—currently an under-researched area. RESULTS Data collection began in February 2018, after ethics approval, at the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology. As of May 2020, participant surveys have been completed (N=100), key informant interviews (n=7) have been completed, and focus groups (5 focus groups; patients, n=18; caregivers, n=6; community leaders, n=2; and faith leaders, n=3) as well as focused ethnographic field observations have been completed. All audio recordings have been transcribed and transcripts of sessions recorded in Twi have been translated to English. Data analysis is currently underway and anticipated completion is in the spring of 2020. Following data analysis, investigators plan to publish study findings. CONCLUSIONS Insights from this study will inform the preliminary development of a feasible and effective nurse-led education and engagement mobile health intervention that has the potential to reduce diabetes-related morbidity, mortality, and burden in sub-Saharan Africa. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT DERR1-10.2196/15408

Type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus in children

2011 ◽  
pp. 1838-1848
Author(s):  
Krystyna A. Matyka
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Low Incidence

The global incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus in childhood is increasing, with the greatest rise occurring in younger children (under five years of age). Data suggest that the annual rise is of the order of 3% and that changes in incidence figures are also occurring in those countries that have traditionally had low incidence rates of type 1 diabetes. Data collated for the IDF Diabetes Atlas suggest that one-quarter of all children with type 1 diabetes reside in Southeast Asia and more than a fifth are from Europe. However, data ascertainment from developing countries in sub-Saharan Africa and South America can be poor, so these figures may be misleading. Table 13.4.7.1 summarizes the data from 2007 examining incidence and prevalence by region (where available) (1). The reasons for the increasing prevalence of childhood diabetes are unclear. Improvements in diagnosis and management in developing countries may account for some of the increasing prevalence in these parts of the world. Some studies also suggest that the rise in type 1 diabetes may reflect the rise in childhood obesity, and that type 1 and type 2 diabetes may represent points on a spectrum of disease: the so-called ‘accelerator hypothesis’. Type 2 diabetes is also becoming common in children, associated with increasing rates of obesity and physical inertia. Whatever the causes, the challenges of the management of diabetes in children and young people are significant. Audit data highlight significant problems, with many children experiencing poor glycaemic control (2). This chapter aims to explore the special considerations of diabetes in the young.

scholarly journals Use of the socio-ecological model to explore factors that influence the implementation of a diabetes structured education programme (EXTEND project) inLilongwe, Malawi and Maputo, Mozambique: a qualitative study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Bamuya ◽  
J. C. Correia ◽  
E. M. Brady ◽  
D. Beran ◽  
D. Harrington ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Ecological Model ◽  
Education Programme ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Structured Education ◽  
Culturally Adapted ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract Background Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support (DSMES) programmes are vital for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) management. However, they are limited in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). To address this gap, a DSMES, namedEXTEND was developed in Lilongwe (Malawi) and Maputo (Mozambique). This qualitative study aimed to explore factors that influence the implementation of DSMES in these settings. Methods The Socio-ecological model was applied to explore factors influencing the implementation of DSMES in SSA. Data was analysed using the Framework method and constant comparative techniques. Sixty-six people participated in the study: people with T2DM who participated in the EXTEND programme; healthcare professionals (HCPs), EXTEND educators, EXTEND trainers, and stakeholders. Results Our findings indicate that there is a need to develop an integrated and dedicated diabetes services in SSA healthcare systems, incorporating culturally adapted DSMES and tailored diabetes training to all professions involved in diabetes management. Traditional media and the involvement of community leaders were proposed as important elements to help engage and promote DSMES programmes in local communities. During the design and implementation of DSMES, it is important to consider individual and societal barriers to self-care. Conclusion Findings from this study suggest that multi-faceted factors play a significant role to the implementation of DSMES programmes in LICs. In the future, EXTEND could be incorporated in the development of diabetes training and dedicated diabetes services in SSA healthcare systems, acting as an educational tool for both people with T2DM and HCPs. This project was supported by the Medical Research Council GCRF NCDs Foundation Awards 2016 Development Pathway Funding.

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