scholarly journals The cause of anorexia and proportion of its recovery in older adults without underlying disease: Results of a retrospective study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. e0224354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuyuki Maki ◽  
Eiji Nakatani ◽  
Toshiyuki Ojima ◽  
Tomoka Nagashima ◽  
Takane Harada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Underlying Disease

Anticholinergic Burden among Hospitalised Older Adults with Psychiatric Illnesses- A retrospective study

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiva Shanker Reddy Mukku ◽  
Preeti Sinha ◽  
Palanimuthu Thangaraju Sivakumar ◽  
Mathew Varghese
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychotropic Drugs ◽  
Inpatient Care ◽  
Medical Illness ◽  
Anticholinergic Effects ◽  
Psychiatric Illnesses ◽  
Anticholinergic Burden ◽  
Number Of Males

Background: Drugs with anticholinergic properties are known to be associated with deleterious effects on cognition in older adults. There is a paucity of literature in this aspect in older adults with psychiatric disorders. Objective: To examine the anticholinergic cognitive burden and its predictors in hospitalised older adults having psychiatric disorders. Methods: Case records of older adults who sought inpatient care under the Geriatric Psychiatry Unit from January, 2019 to June, 2019 were reviewed. The anticholinergic burden was assessed with Anticholinergic Cognitive Burden (ACB) scale updated version, 2012. Results: Sample included 129 older adults with an almost equal number of males (53.48%) and females (46.52%) having a mean age of 67.84 (SD = 6.96) years. The diagnostic spectrum included depression (34.89%), dementia (31.01%), mania (10.85%), psychosis (13.95%), delirium (6.20%) and others (3.1%). 60.47% of the patients had more than one medical illness. 48.84% of the older adults had clinically relevant anticholinergic cognitive burden ( ACB score ≥ 3). Use of 3 or more psychotropic drugs (OR = 4.88), diagnosis of psychosis/ mania (OR = 7.62) and dementia/ delirium (neurocognitive disorders group) (OR = 5.17) increased the risk of ACB score ≥ 3. Conclusion: Nearly half of the older adults in psychiatry in-patient setting had clinically relevant anticholinergic burden, which was associated with higher use of psychotropics. Our study highlights the importance of monitoring for anticholinergic effects of psychotropics in older adults.

scholarly journals Risk factors for hospital readmission in older adults within 30 days of discharge – a comparative retrospective study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Glans ◽  
Annika Kragh Ekstam ◽  
Ulf Jakobsson ◽  
Åsa Bondesson ◽  
Patrik Midlöv
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Hospital Readmission ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Transition Of Care ◽  
Discharge Transition ◽  
Surgical Unit

Abstract Background The area of hospital readmission in older adults within 30 days of discharge is extensively researched but few studies look at the whole process. In this study we investigated risk factors related, not only to patient characteristics prior to and events during initial hospitalisation, but also to the processes of discharge, transition of care and follow-up. We aimed to identify patients at most risk of being readmitted as well as processes in greatest need of improvement, the goal being to find tools to help reduce early readmissions in this population. Methods This comparative retrospective study included 720 patients in total. Medical records were reviewed and variables concerning patient characteristics prior to and events during initial hospital stay, as well as those related to the processes of discharge, transition of care and follow-up, were collected in a standardised manner. Either a Student’s t-test, χ2-test or Fishers’ exact test was used for comparisons between groups. A multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify variables associated with readmission. Results The final model showed increased odds of readmission in patients with a higher Charlson Co-morbidity Index (OR 1.12, p-value 0.002), excessive polypharmacy (OR 1.66, p-value 0.007) and living in the community with home care (OR 1.61, p-value 0.025). The odds of being readmitted within 30 days increased if the length of stay was 5 days or longer (OR 1.72, p-value 0.005) as well as if being discharged on a Friday (OR 1.88, p-value 0.003) or from a surgical unit (OR 2.09, p-value 0.001). Conclusion Patients of poor health, using 10 medications or more regularly and living in the community with home care, are at greater risk of being readmitted to hospital within 30 days of discharge. Readmissions occur more often after being discharged on a Friday or from a surgical unit. Our findings indicate patients at most risk of being readmitted as well as discharging routines in most need of improvement thus laying the ground for further studies as well as targeted actions to take in order to reduce hospital readmissions within 30 days in this population.

Primary diagnoses and outcomes of emergency department visits in older people with dementia: a hospital-based retrospective study in Taiwan

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-104
Author(s):  
Pei-Chao Lin ◽  
Li-Chan Lin ◽  
Hsiu-Fen Hsieh ◽  
Yao-Mei Chen ◽  
Pi-Ling Chou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Older People ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Emergency Department Visits ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Patient Records ◽  
People With Dementia

ABSTRACTObjectives:The objectives of this study were to investigate the primary diagnoses and outcomes of emergency department visits in older people with dementia and to compare these parameters with those in older adults without dementia.Design and Setting:This hospital-based retrospective study retrieved patient records from a hospital research database, which included the outpatient and inpatient claims of two hospitals.Participants:The patient records were retrieved from the two hospitals in an urban setting. The inclusion criteria were all patients aged 65 and older who had attended the two hospitals as an outpatient or inpatient between January 1, 2009, and December 31, 2016. Patients with dementia were identified to have at least three reports of diagnostic codes, either during outpatient visits, during emergency department visits, or in hospitalized database records. The other patients were categorized as patients without dementia.Measurements:The primary diagnosis during the emergency department visit, cost of emergency department treatment, cost of hospital admission, length of hospital stay, and diagnosis of death were collected.Results:A total of 149,203 outpatients and inpatients aged 65 and older who were admitted to the two hospitals were retrieved. The rate of emergency department visits in patients with dementia (23.2%) was lower than that in those without dementia (48.6%). The most frequent primary reason for emergency department visits and the main cause of patient death was pneumonia. Patients with dementia in the emergency department had higher hospital admission rates and longer hospital stays; however, the cost of treatment did not show a significant difference between the two groups.Conclusions:Future large and prospective studies should explore the severity of disease in older people with dementia and compare results with older adults without dementia in the emergency department.

scholarly journals Hot Weather and Suicide Deaths among Older Adults in Hong Kong, 1976–2014: A Retrospective Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 3449
Author(s):  
Pui Hing Chau ◽  
Paul Siu Fai Yip ◽  
Eric Ho Yin Lau ◽  
Yee Ting Ip ◽  
Frances Yik Wa Law ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Time Series Approach ◽  
Hot Weather

Findings of the association between hot weather and suicide in a subtropical city such as Hong Kong are inconsistent. This study aimed to revisit the association by identifying meteorological risk factors for older-adult suicides in Hong Kong using a time-series approach. A retrospective study was conducted on older-adult (aged ≥65) suicide deaths in Hong Kong from 1976 to 2014. Suicides were classified into those involving violent methods and those involving nonviolent methods. Meteorological data, including ambient temperature, were retrieved. Transfer function time-series models were fitted. In total, 7314 older-adult suicide deaths involving violent methods and 630 involving nonviolent methods were recorded. For violent-method suicides, a monthly average daily minimum ambient temperature was determined to best predict the monthly rate, and a daily maximum ambient temperature of 30.3 °C was considered the threshold. For suicide deaths involving nonviolent methods, the number of days in a month for which the daily maximum ambient temperature exceeded 32.7 °C could best predict the monthly rate. Higher ambient temperature was associated with more older-adult suicide deaths, both from violent and nonviolent methods. Weather-focused preventive measures for older-adult suicides are necessary, such as the provision of more public air-conditioned areas where older adults can shelter from extreme hot weather.

A retrospective study of 100 cases of feline distal aortic thromboembolism: 1977-1993

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 492-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
NJ Laste ◽  
NK Harpster
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Left Atrial Size ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Atrial Size ◽  
Electrocardiographic Abnormalities

The medical records of 100 cats with distal aortic thromboembolism were reviewed. The average age was 7.7 years, with the neutered male being the most common signalment (63%). Evidence of preexisting cardiac disease was noted in 11% of the cases. A murmur or arrhythmia was noted in 57% of the cases on presentation. Frequent laboratory abnormalities included elevations in blood glucose, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine. Radiographic and electrocardiographic abnormalities were common (89% and 85%, respectively). The most frequent, underlying disease was hypertrophic feline cardiomyopathy (58%), with the left atrial size (as measured by M-mode) significantly increased in the majority of cases (mean left atrial-to-aortic ratio, 2.08). The average, long-term survival in the 37% of cases which survived the initial thromboembolic episode was 11.5 months. The remaining cases either died (28%) or were euthanized (35%).

Adverse Drug Reactions in Older Adults: a Retrospective Study from Pharmacovigilance

Therapies ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 471-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rim Charfi ◽  
Sihem El Aïdli ◽  
Ahmed Zaïem ◽  
Sarah Kastalli ◽  
Samia Sraïri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Drug Reactions

scholarly journals Clinical Characteristics of 538 Novel Coronavirus Disease Patients with Chronic Underlying Diseases in Wuhan, China: A retrospective Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanwan Yi ◽  
Xiaqing Yu ◽  
Hengwei Fan ◽  
Hengmei Zhu ◽  
Zhongwei Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Disease Group ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Examination Result ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Underlying Diseases

Abstract Background Novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 causes the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in humans, which has spread rapidly worldwide. Most critical cases of COVID-19 are accompanied by complicated chronic underlying diseases. This retrospective study aims to analyze the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with chronic underlying diseases.Methods A total of 1,183 COVID-19 patients were divided into the chronic underlying disease (CUD, n = 538) group and the non-underlying disease (non-CUD, n = 645) group. The clinical characteristics and outcomes were collected and compared between the two groups.Results There were significant differences in age, weight, and SPO2 on admission between the CUD and non-CUP groups. The ratio of severe cases in the CUD group was higher than that in the non-CUD group (χ2 = 35.58, p-value < 0.001). The white blood cell count, neutrophil count, C-reactive protein, urea nitrogen, creatinine, myoglobin, and cardiac troponin in the CUD group were significantly higher than those in the non-CUD group, while the lymphocyte count and albumin in the underlying disease group were significantly lower than those in the non-underlying disease group. No significant difference was found in the total number of tests, the number of positive or negative results in nucleic acid tests between the two groups. The negative rate for both IgG- and IgM-antibody tests in the CUD group was higher than that in the non-CUD group (χ2 = 5.57, p-value = 0.018). No statistical difference in mortality between the CUD (n = 18) and non-CUD groups (n = 13). All surviving patients were cured and discharged. A total of 33 patients had a positive re-examination result for nucleic acid test one week after discharge, including 14 patients with underlying diseases and 19 patients without underlying diseases. Conclusion: COVID-19 patients with underlying diseases had poorer clinical conditions and had a longer hospital stay, but after active treatment, the mortality had not increased significantly.

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