scholarly journals Effects of land-use change and related pressures on alien and native subsets of island communities

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0227169
Author(s):  
Katia Sánchez-Ortiz ◽  
Kara J. M. Taylor ◽  
Adriana De Palma ◽  
Franz Essl ◽  
Wayne Dawson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Alien Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Human Disturbances ◽  
Biogeographic Patterns ◽  
Island Species ◽  
Using Data

Island species and habitats are particularly vulnerable to human disturbances, and anthropogenic changes are increasingly overwriting natural island biogeographic patterns. However, quantitative comparisons of how native and alien assemblages respond to human disturbances are scarce. Using data from 6,242 species of vertebrates, invertebrates and plants, from 7,718 sites on 81 islands, we model how land-use change, human population density and distance to the nearest road affect local assemblages of alien and native species on islands. We found that land-use change reduces both richness and abundance of native species, whereas the number and abundance of alien species are high in plantation forests and agricultural or urban sites. In contrast to the long-established pattern for native species (i.e., decline in species number with island isolation), more isolated islands have more alien species across most land uses than do less isolated islands. We show that alien species play a major role in the turnover of island assemblages: our models show that aliens outnumber natives among the species present at disturbed sites but absent from minimally-disturbed primary vegetation. Finally, we found a homogenization pattern for both native and alien assemblages across sites within most land uses. The declines of native species on islands in the face of human pressures, and the particular proneness to invasions of the more remote islands, highlight the need to reduce the intensity of human pressures on islands and to prevent the introduction and establishment of alien species.

scholarly journals Effects of land-use change and related pressures on alien and native subsets of island communities

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katia Sánchez-Ortiz ◽  
Kara J. M. Taylor ◽  
Adriana De Palma ◽  
Franz Essl ◽  
Wayne Dawson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Alien Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Human Disturbances ◽  
Biogeographic Patterns ◽  
Island Species ◽  
Using Data

AbstractIsland species and habitats are particularly vulnerable to human disturbances, and anthropogenic changes are increasingly overwriting natural island biogeographic patterns. However, quantitative comparisons of how native and alien assemblages respond to human disturbances are scarce. Using data from 6,242 species of vertebrates, invertebrates and plants, from 7,718 sites on 81 islands, we model how land-use change, human population density and distance to the nearest road affect local assemblages of alien and native species on islands. We found that land-use change reduces both richness and abundance of native species, whereas the number and abundance of alien species are high in plantation forests and agricultural or urban sites. In contrast to the long-established pattern for native species (i.e., decline in species number with island isolation), more isolated islands have more alien species across most land uses than do less isolated islands. We show that alien species play a major role in the turnover of island assemblages: our models show that aliens outnumber natives among the species present at disturbed sites but absent from minimally-disturbed primary vegetation. Finally, we found a homogenization pattern for both native and alien assemblages across sites within most land uses. The declines of native species on islands in the face of human pressures, and the particular proneness to invasions of the more remote islands, highlight the need to reduce the intensity of human pressures on islands and to prevent the introduction and establishment of alien species.

Land-use change on Mount Gede, Indonesia, reduced native earthworm populations and diversity

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy Darmawan ◽  
Tri Atmowidi ◽  
Wasmen Manalu ◽  
Bambang Suryobroto
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Tree Cover ◽  
Managed Forest ◽  
Earthworm Species ◽  
Mixed Plantation

The conversion of natural forest to agroforestry plantations and annual cropping systems alters the soil habitat and food resources for biota, including earthworms. Native earthworm species may disappear whereas exotic species with greater tolerance of disturbance and less niche specialisation may thrive. The objective of the study was to compare the earthworm diversity in managed forest and agroforestry systems, which were cultivated for mixed plantation and annual crop production on Mount Gede, Indonesia. All the habitats in the study area were impacted by humans. The forest habitat was a managed forest, with a permanent tree cover, whereas mixed plantation had a partial shrub cover. Meanwhile, homogenous plantation was cultivated with annual crops. Among 3787 individuals collected during July–October 2012, five Oriental earthworm species were identified in the soil communities of Mount Gede: Drawida nepalensis, Notoscolex javanica, Pheretima pura-group, Polypheretima moelleri, and Polypheretima sempolensis. Also, 18 species were found that are reported to be non-Oriental in origin. Anthropogenic disturbance of forests on Mount Gede, due to conversion into plantations, alters the earthworm environment by increasing soil water content, temperature and total phosphorous content, while decreasing organic carbon. N. javanica was the only native species to survive this deforestation, while the exotic Ocnerodrilus occidentalis and Pontoscolex corethrurus thrived, becoming the eudominant species. From the forest area to the mixed and homogenous plantations, the predicted decreasing diversity is evidenced by the lowering trend of Shannon’s diversity index. In conclusion, the land-use change into mixed plantations and annual croplands has reduced earthworm diversity in this region of Mount Gede, Indonesia.

scholarly journals Regional Variations of Land-Use Development and Land-Use/Cover Change Dynamics: A Case Study of Turkey

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ustaoglu ◽  
Aydınoglu
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Temporal Changes ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Hierarchical Levels ◽  
Spatio Temporal

. Population growth, economic development and rural-urban migration have caused rapid expansion of urban areas and metropolitan regions in Turkey. The structure of urban administration and planning has faced different socio-economic and political challenges, which have hindered the structured and planned development of cities and regions, resulting in an irregular and uneven development of these regions. We conducted detailed comparative analysis on spatio-temporal changes of the identified seven land-use/cover classes across different regions in Turkey with the use of Corine Land Cover (CLC) data of circa 1990, 2000, 2006 and 2012, integrated with Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques. Here we compared spatio-temporal changes of urban and non-urban land uses, which differ across regions and across different hierarchical levels of urban areas. Our findings have shown that peri-urban areas are growing more than rural areas, and even growing more than urban areas in some regions. A deeper look at regions located in different geographical zones pointed to substantial development disparities across western and eastern regions of Turkey. We also employed multiple regression models to explain any possible drivers of land-use change, regarding both urban and non-urban land uses. The results reveal that the three influencing factors-socio-economic characteristics, regional characteristics and location, and development constraints, facilitate land-use change. However, their impacts differ in different geographical locations, as well as with different hierarchical levels.

scholarly journals If They Come, Where will We Build It? Land-Use Implications of Two Forest Conservation Policies in the Deep Creek Watershed

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 581
Author(s):  
Markandu Anputhas ◽  
Johannus Janmaat ◽  
Craig Nichol ◽  
Adam Wei
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Forest Conservation ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Land Use Type ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Conservation Policies ◽  
Creek Watershed

Research Highlights: Forest conservation policies can drive land-use change to other land-use types. In multifunctional landscapes, forest conservation policies will therefore impact on other functions delivered by the landscape. Finding the best pattern of land use requires considering these interactions. Background and Objectives: Population growth continues to drive the development of land for urban purposes. Consequently, there is a loss of other land uses, such as agriculture and forested lands. Efforts to conserve one type of land use will drive more change onto other land uses. Absent effective collaboration among affected communities and relevant institutional agents, unexpected and undesirable land-use change may occur. Materials and Methods: A CLUE-S (Conversion of Land Use and its Effects at Small Scales) model was developed for the Deep Creek watershed, a small sub-basin in the Okanagan Valley of British Columbia, Canada. The valley is experiencing among the most rapid population growth of any region in Canada. Land uses were aggregated into one forested land-use type, one urban land-use type, and three agricultural types. Land-use change was simulated for combinations of two forest conservation policies. Changes are categorized by location, land type, and an existing agricultural land policy. Results: Forest conservation policies drive land conversion onto agricultural land and may increase the loss of low elevation forested land. Model results show where the greatest pressure for removing land from agriculture is likely to occur for each scenario. As an important corridor for species movement, the loss of low elevation forest land may have serious impacts on habitat connectivity. Conclusions: Forest conservation policies that do not account for feedbacks can have unintended consequences, such as increasing conversion pressures on other valued land uses. To avoid surprises, land-use planners and policy makers need to consider these interactions. Models such as CLUE-S can help identify these spatial impacts.

A Land System Science meta-analysis suggests we underestimate intensive land uses in land use change dynamics

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.J. Sonter ◽  
D.J. Barrett ◽  
C.J. Moran ◽  
B.S. Soares-Filho
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
System Science ◽  
Change Dynamics ◽  
Land System

scholarly journals Analysis of land stability and land-use change processes in the 19–20th centuries: a case study in Gödöllő Hillside, Hungary

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-49
Author(s):  
Krisztina Demény ◽  
Csaba Centeri ◽  
Dániel Szalai
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Change Processes ◽  
Anthropogenic Influence ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Corine Land Cover ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Arable Fields ◽  
Land Cover Map

Abstract The manuscript presents land-use change processes based on former military map analyses. Military maps were derived from the 1770s until the 1890s and later from the CORINE Land Cover map. I observed the transition direction of areal distribution of various land uses. Digitalized maps showed 19-20th century land-use conditions; besides them, we created a grouping system which is based on the intensity of land use. We distinguished six land-use types, ranking them according to the anthropogenic influence (1. built-up areas; 2. arable fields; 3. orchards and vineyards; 4. meadows and pastures; 5. forests; 6. wetlands).

scholarly journals Temporal Dynamic Analysis of Land-use Change and its Economic Evaluation During a 21-year Period in a Diverse Land-use Configuration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Talebi Khiavi ◽  
Seyyede Khamsa Asbaghian Namini ◽  
Mohammad Ali Asaadi ◽  
Raoof Mostafazadeh
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Landsat Imagery ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Total Period

Abstract Investigating the rate and the process of land-use change and its economic effects during the last years are among the main bases of land management in the future. East Meshgin region in Ardabil province is one of the agricultural production centers, where the construction of the Sabalan dam developed the agricultural activities. In this research, the six land uses, including rangeland, orchard, agriculture, bare land, outcrop, and water bodies during the years of 1998–1999, were classified using Landsat imagery. Also, the single and comprehensive dynamic land-use change indices were employed to compute the rate and process of land-use change. The land-use change matrix is developed in three time periods (1998–2003, 2003–2008, and 2013–2019). The economic evaluation of land use has been conducted during this period. The results showed that the highest rate of land-use change was converting the rangeland to bare lands. While in the period of 2008–2013, the highest rate of land-use change was rangeland conversion to agriculture lands that has caused increased net income by 4027,258 $. The collected data relates to the total period also confirms the change of rangeland use to bare lands. Also, the results of the single dynamic land-use change model show that in each period, the most change was related to water body land use. Among other land-uses, the highest rate of change was related to agricultural land use between 2013–2019 in the period of Sabalan dam operation. This study is performed to facilitate policymakers, planners, and other development stakeholders in this sector to adopt the best option for land-use management and sustainable land development.

scholarly journals Urbanization and Human Population Favor Species Richness of Alien Birds

Diversity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Maria Lazarina ◽  
Mariana A. Tsianou ◽  
Georgios Boutsis ◽  
Aristi Andrikou-Charitidou ◽  
Elpida Karadimou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Alien Species ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Generalized Additive Models ◽  
Additive Models ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Native Species Richness

Human activities like urbanization and agriculture affect spatial biodiversity patterns. The presence and activities of humans richly benefit alien species, but native species usually decline in human-impacted areas. Considering that the richness of alien and native species are inter-related, we explored the effect of human population density, human-related land uses (agricultural and urban), and natural land area on avian (alien and native) species richness of Massachusetts for two time periods using Generalized Additive Models. Avian alien species richness increased with native species richness in both time periods. Despite the predominant role of native species richness as a major driver of alien species richness, human activities play an important additional role in shaping species richness patterns of established aliens. Human-related land uses (urban and agricultural) and human population favored alien species richness in both time periods. Counter to expectations, human activities were also positively associated to native avian species richness. Possible explanations of these patterns may include habitat heterogeneity, increased availability of resources, and reduced predation risk.

scholarly journals Remoteness promotes biological invasions on islands worldwide

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (37) ◽  
pp. 9270-9275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dietmar Moser ◽  
Bernd Lenzner ◽  
Patrick Weigelt ◽  
Wayne Dawson ◽  
Holger Kreft ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alien Species ◽  
Island Biogeography ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Native Plants ◽  
Oceanic Islands ◽  
Tropical Islands ◽  
Large Dataset ◽  
Island Species ◽  
Species Pools ◽  
Natural Dispersal

One of the best-known general patterns in island biogeography is the species–isolation relationship (SIR), a decrease in the number of native species with increasing island isolation that is linked to lower rates of natural dispersal and colonization on remote oceanic islands. However, during recent centuries, the anthropogenic introduction of alien species has increasingly gained importance and altered the composition and richness of island species pools. We analyzed a large dataset for alien and native plants, ants, reptiles, mammals, and birds on 257 (sub) tropical islands, and showed that, except for birds, the number of naturalized alien species increases with isolation for all taxa, a pattern that is opposite to the negative SIR of native species. We argue that the reversal of the SIR for alien species is driven by an increase in island invasibility due to reduced diversity and increased ecological naiveté of native biota on the more remote islands.

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