Psychological disturbances and their association with sleep disturbances in patients admitted for cardiovascular diseases

Background Depression and anxiety are common mental health problems that are strongly associated with sleep disturbances, according to community-based researches. However, this association has not been investigated among patients admitted for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). We examined the prevalence of depression and anxiety in inpatients with various CVDs and their association with sleep disturbances. Materials and methods This cross-sectional study included 1294 patients hospitalized for CVDs in a Japanese university hospital were evaluated for their mental status using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), for sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) using pulse oximetry, and for sleep quality using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Results Patient characteristics were as below: mean age, 63.9±14.7 years; 25.7% female. Overall, 18.9% had depression (HADS-depression≥8) and 17.1% had anxiety (HADS-anxiety≥8). The presence of depression was associated with female sex, older age, higher plasma brain natriuretic peptide level, lower estimated glomerular filtration rate, and the prevalence of heart failure. Overall, 46.5% patients were categorized as having a poor sleep quality (PSQI>5), and 28.5% patients had SDB (3% oxygen desaturation index>15). Although depression and anxiety were not associated with SDB, they were independently associated with poor sleep quality (OR = 3.09, 95% CI 2.19–4.36; OR = 3.93, 95% CI 2.71–5.69, respectively). Conclusions Depression and anxiety were not uncommon in patients with CVDs. Poor sleep quality could be an important risk factor linked to psychological disturbances.

Download Full-text

The relationship between sleep quality, fatigue and psychological wellbeing amongst primary carers for those with brain injury

10.31234/osf.io/wmnc8 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Maria Gardani

Keyword(s):

Brain Injury ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Sleep Disturbances ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Psychological Wellbeing ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

Perceived Burden ◽

Fatigue Severity ◽

Anxiety Depression

Objectives: The study aimed to investigate possible mediating factors that contribute to poor sleep quality in carers for those with brain injury (BI). More specifically, whether fatigue, anxiety, depression and perceived burden were associated with and/or predicted poor sleep in carers of those with brain injury. Methods: A cross-sectional correlational design was utilised. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS) Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), Zarit Buren Interview Short (ZBI-12) were completed by 237 carers of people with BI to assess sleep quality, psychological wellbeing and fatigue. Results: Carers demonstrated elevated levels of poor sleep quality, fatigue and poor psychological wellbeing. The results indicated there was a significant relationship between anxiety, depression, perceived burden, fatigue severity and sleep quality. Multiple regression analysis revealed that anxiety, depression, fatigue and burden explained 31.8% of variance in sleep quality. Depression and fatigue were significant predictors of sleep quality with fatigue symptomology being the strongest predictor of poor sleep amongst carers. Conclusion: Psychological wellbeing, perceived burden and fatigue are associated with sleep disturbances in carers with fatigue and depression predicting poor sleep quality. These results provide insight into an under-researched area and emphasise the necessity for support provisions which aim to improve sleep hygiene practices, improve psychological wellbeing and fatigue symptomology.

Download Full-text

Sleep Pattern, Sleep Disturbances and Sleepiness in the Retired Iranian Elderly

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/s0924-9338(09)71461-0 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 24 (S1) ◽

pp. 1-1

Author(s):

S.K. Malakouti ◽

M. Foroughan ◽

M. Nojomi ◽

M. Ghalebandi

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Health Status ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Older People ◽

Sleep Disturbances ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Sleep Problems ◽

General Health Questionnaire ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Poor Sleep Quality

Complaints of sleep disturbance increase with age and many studies have been reported on the relation of sleep problems with greater use of health services, physical and mental morbidity, functional decline and all cause mortality. This study aimed to examine the sleep patterns and sleep disturbances in Iranian older people and to see how their sleep quality relates to their health status. 400 men and women, 60 years or older, interviewed by trained psychiatrist regarding their physical and mental health status, then the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and General Health Questionnaire implemented on them. The gathered data analyzed by chi-square test, t-test, one-way analysis of variance and logistic regression. The results showed that the majority of participants (82.6%) suffered from poor sleep quality and approximately one third had sleepiness (29.2%) during daytime. Difficulty falling (p≤0.001) and maintaining (p≤0.01) sleep and feeling too hot at night sleep (p≤0.005) were significantly more prevalent in women, but men suffered more from leg twitching (p≤0.01). Being female (OR=2.52), and having GHQ scores more than 11 (OR=4.14) increased the risk of poor sleep quality considerably. Promoting sleep hygiene education and screening of mental health problems in primary health care services for older people are recommended.

Download Full-text

Effect of COVID-19 Quarantine on the Sleep Quality and the Depressive Symptom Levels of University Students in Jordan During the Spring of 2020

Frontiers in Psychiatry ◽

10.3389/fpsyt.2021.605676 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Heba Saadeh ◽

Maha Saadeh ◽

Wesam Almobaideen ◽

Assem Al Refaei ◽

Nour Shewaikani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

University Students ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Sleep Disturbances ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Cross Sectional

Objectives: This study was designed to assess the effect of COVID-19 home quarantine and its lifestyle challenges on the sleep quality and mental health of a large sample of undergraduate University students in Jordan. It is the first study applied to the Jordanian population. The aim was to investigate how quarantine for several weeks changed the students' habits and affected their mental health.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a random representative sample of 6,157 undergraduate students (mean age 19.79 ± 1.67 years, males 28.7%) from the University of Jordan through voluntarily filling an online questionnaire. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D) were used to assess sleep quality and depressive symptoms, respectively.Results: The PSQI mean score for the study participants was 8.1 ± 3.6. The sleep quality of three-quarters of the participants was negatively affected by the extended quarantine. Nearly half of the participants reported poor sleep quality. The prevalence of poor sleep quality among participants was 76% (males: 71.5% and females: 77.8%). Similarly, the prevalence of the depressive symptoms was 71% (34% for moderate and 37% for high depressive symptoms), with females showing higher prevalence than males. The overall mean CES-D score for the group with low depressive symptoms is 9.3, for the moderate group is 19.8, while it is 34.3 for the high depressive symptoms group. More than half of the students (62.5%) reported that the quarantine had a negative effect on their mental health. Finally, females, smokers, and students with decreased income levels during the extended quarantine were the common exposures that are significantly associated with a higher risk of developing sleep disturbances and depressive symptoms.Conclusions: Mass and extended quarantine succeeded in controlling the spread of the COVID-19 virus; however, it comes with a high cost of potential psychological impacts. Most of the students reported that they suffer from sleeping disorders and had a degree of depressive symptoms. Officials should provide psychological support and clear guidance to help the general public to reduce these potential effects and overcome the quarantine period with minimum negative impacts.

Download Full-text

Association between depression and sleep quality in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Sleep And Breathing ◽

10.1007/s11325-021-02405-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Rulan Yin ◽

Lin Li ◽

Lan Xu ◽

Wenjie Sui ◽

Mei’e Niu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Sleep Disturbances ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Moderate Correlation ◽

Systemic Lupus ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

Subjective Sleep Quality

Abstract Background Currently, there is no consistent understanding of the relationship between depression and sleep quality in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This study aimed to explore the correlation between depression and sleep quality in SLE patients. Methods Five English (PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL) databases were systematically searched from inception to January 12, 2021. Two authors independently screened publications and extracted data according to set inclusion and exclusion criteria. Statistical analyses were performed with STATA 16.0. Data were pooled using a random-effects model. Results A total of 9 identified studies matched the inclusion criteria, reporting on 514 patients with SLE in the analysis. A moderate correlation of depression with sleep quality was found (pooled r = 0.580 [0.473, 0.670]). Compared to good sleepers, patients with SLE and poor sleep quality had higher levels of depression (standardized mean difference = − 1.28 [− 1.87, − 0.69]). Depression was associated with subjective sleep quality (r = 0.332 [0.009, 0.592]), sleep latency (r = 0.412 [0.101, 0.649]), sleep disturbances (r = 0.405 [0.094, 0.645]), daytime dysfunction (r = 0.503 [0.214, 0.711]), the four dimensions of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), while no significant correlation was found in the other three PSQI dimensions. Conclusion Depression had a moderate correlation with sleep quality in patients with SLE. Patients with poor sleep quality tended to have higher level of depression than that of good sleepers. Awareness of the correlation may help rheumatology physicians and nurses to assess and prevent depression and improve sleep quality in patients with SLE.

Download Full-text

Differential Diagnosis of Sluggish Cognitive Tempo Symptoms in College Students

Journal of Attention Disorders ◽

10.1177/1087054719896856 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 108705471989685

Author(s):

Benjamin J. Lovett ◽

Whitney L. M. Wood ◽

Lawrence J. Lewandowski

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Substance Misuse ◽

Sleep Problems ◽

Sluggish Cognitive Tempo ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

Clinically Significant ◽

Cognitive Tempo

Objective: Sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) refers to a set of symptoms that prior research has found to be related to several different psychological disorders, especially the predominantly inattentive presentation of ADHD. This study collected evidence relevant to the question of whether SCT is a distinct disorder. Method: College students ( N = 910) completed measures of SCT, ADHD, depression, anxiety, sleep quality, and substance misuse. Results: Students reporting clinically high SCT (reporting at least five symptoms often or very often) had significantly higher levels and rates of other types of psychopathology. Moreover, when students reporting clinically significant levels of ADHD, depression, and anxiety symptoms, poor sleep quality, or hazardous levels of alcohol or cannabis use were removed, very few students reporting high SCT remained (only 4.8% of the original high-SCT group). Conclusion: SCT may be best thought of as a symptom set common to many types of psychopathology, and it may be caused by sleep problems or substance misuse as well.

Download Full-text

Perception of Sleep Disturbances due to Bedtime Use of Blue Light-Emitting Devices and Its Impact on Habits and Sleep Quality among Young Medical Students

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2019/7012350 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Asmaa Jniene ◽

Leila Errguig ◽

Abdelkader Jalil El Hangouche ◽

Hanan Rkain ◽

Souad Aboudrar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Blue Light ◽

Sleep Disturbances ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

Light Emitting ◽

Light Emitting Devices ◽

The Mean ◽

Perception Of Sleep

Introduction. The use of blue light-emitting devices (smartphones, tablets, and laptops) at bedtime has negative effects on sleep due to light stimulation and/or problematic excessive use. We aimed to evaluate, among young medical students, if the perception of sleep disturbances due to bedtime use of these devices is consistent with healthier habits and a better sleep quality. Materials and methods. 294 medical students in medicine and pharmacy from the Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Morocco, took part in this anonymous and voluntary cross-sectional study and answered an electronic questionnaire. Student and Mann–Whitney U tests were used to compare variables between 2 groups based on their perception of sleep disturbances. The level of significance was p≤0.05. Results. 286 students (97.3%) used a blue light-emitting smart device at bedtime before sleep, and sleep quality was poor (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSQI > 5) in 101 students (35.3%). The perception of sleep disturbances due to this night usage was reported by 188 of them (65.7%). In this group, 154 (81.9%) used their device with all the lights turned off in the room (p=0.02), 34 (18.1%) put devices under pillows (p=0.04), 114 (60.6%) interrupted sleep to check messages (p<0.001), and the mean duration use of these technologies at bedtime was 2 h ± 23 min per night (p=0.02). Also, the mean sleep duration was 6.3 hours ± 1.25 (p=0.04), 119 (63.3%) presented fatigue on waking more than one time per week (p=0.04), and 76 (40.4%) presented poor sleep quality (75.2% of the students with PSQI > 5) (p=0.005). Conclusions. Despite the perception of sleep disturbances due to bedtime use of blue light-emitting devices, unhealthy sleep habits tend to be frequent in young medical students and worrying because it is associated to significant poor sleep quality.

Download Full-text

The Relationship between Insecure Attachment to Depression: Mediating Role of Sleep and Cognitive Reappraisal

Neural Plasticity ◽

10.1155/2020/1931737 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yige Liu ◽

Hongfan Li ◽

Xiayue Xu ◽

Yukun Li ◽

Zhutao Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sleep Quality ◽

Emotional Disorders ◽

Cognitive Reappraisal ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Attachment Anxiety ◽

Insecure Attachment ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

Close Relationship

Previously, we have shown that neuromodulators are important factors in stress-induced emotional disorders, such as depression, for example, serotonin is the major substance for depression. Many psychological studies have proved that depression is due to insecure attachment. In addition, sleep is a major symptom of depression. Furthermore, serotonin is the substrate for both sleep and depression. To explore the role of sleep in the relationships between insecure attachment and depression, we investigated 755 college students with Close Relationship Inventory, Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, Self-rated Depression Scale, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. The results showed that (1) insecure attachment positively predicted poor sleep quality; (2) sleep quality partially affected depression, possibly due the same stress neuromodulators such as norepinephrine and cortisol; and (3) cognitive reappraisal moderated the mediating path leading from attachment anxiety to poor sleep quality. These findings highlight the moderating role of cognitive reappraisal in the effects of attachment anxiety on sleep quality and finally on depression. In conclusion, sleep quality links attachment anxiety and emotional disorders.

Download Full-text

Poor sleep quality in systemic lupus erythematosus: does it depend on depressive symptoms?

Lupus ◽

10.1177/0961203314540762 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 23 (13) ◽

pp. 1350-1357 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

L Palagini ◽

C Tani ◽

R M Bruno ◽

A Gemignani ◽

M Mauri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Sleep Disturbances ◽

Control Group ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Systemic Lupus ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

Obstructive Sleep

Objectives Sleep disturbances are frequently observed in rheumatic diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This study aimed at evaluating the prevalence of insomnia, poor sleep quality and their determinants in a cohort of SLE patients. Methods Eighty-one consecutive SLE female patients were evaluated in a cross-sectional study. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) were administered. Patients with previous diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea or restless legs syndrome were excluded. Fifty-three women with hypertension (without SLE) were enrolled as control group (H). Results In the SLE cohort poor sleep quality (65.4% vs 39.6%, p < 0.01) and difficulty in maintaining sleep and/or early morning awakening (65.4% vs 22.6%, p < 0.001), but not insomnia (33.3% vs 22.6%, p = ns), were more prevalent than in H. Depressive symptoms were present in 34.6% of SLE vs 13.2% H patients ( p < 0.001) while state anxiety was more common in H patients (H 35.8% vs SLE 17.3%, p < 0.005). SLE was associated with a 2.5-times higher probability of presenting poor sleep quality in comparison to H (OR 2.5 [CI 1.21–5.16]). After adjusting for confounders, both depressive symptoms (OR 4.4, [1.4–14.3]) and use of immunosuppressive drugs (OR 4.3 [CI 1.3–14.8]) were significantly associated with poor sleep quality in SLE patients. Furthermore, poor sleep quality was not associated either with disease duration or activity. Conclusions In a cohort of SLE women, insomnia and poor sleep quality, especially difficulties in maintaining sleep, were common. Depressive symptoms might be responsible for the higher prevalence of poor sleep quality in SLE.

Download Full-text

Factors associated with poor sleep quality in women with cancer

Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem ◽

10.1590/1518-8345.1478.2858 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 25 (0) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Thalyta Cristina Mansano-Schlosser ◽

Maria Filomena Ceolim

Keyword(s):

Sleep Quality ◽

Quality Index ◽

Sleep Disturbances ◽

Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Scale Data

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the factors associated with poor sleep quality, its characteristics and components in women with breast cancer prior to surgery for removing the tumor and throughout the follow-up. Method: longitudinal study in a teaching hospital, with a sample of 102 women. The following were used: a questionnaire for sociodemographic and clinical characterization, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; the Beck Depression Inventory; and the Herth Hope Scale. Data collection covered from prior to the surgery for removal of the tumor (T0) to T1, on average 3.2 months; T2, on average 6.1 months; and T3, on average 12.4 months. Descriptive statistics and the Generalized Estimating Equations model were used. Results: depression and pain contributed to the increase in the score of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and hope, to the reduction of the score - independently - throughout follow-up. Sleep disturbances were the component with the highest score throughout follow-up. Conclusion: the presence of depression and pain, prior to the surgery, contributed to the increase in the global score of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, which indicates worse quality of sleep throughout follow-up; greater hope, in its turn, influenced the reduction of the score of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.

Download Full-text