scholarly journals Urinary leukotrienes and histamine in patients with varying severity of acute dengue

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0245926
Author(s):  
Tehani Silva ◽  
Chandima Jeewandara ◽  
Laksiri Gomes ◽  
Chathurika Gangani ◽  
Sameera D. Mahapatuna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Dengue ◽  
Disease Pathogenesis ◽  
Course Of Illness ◽  
Dengue Disease ◽  
Viral Loads ◽  
Cysteinyl Leukotriene ◽  
Virus Serotype ◽  
Receptor Blockers ◽  
Urinary Histamine ◽  
Cysteinyl Leukotriene Receptor

Background Vascular leak is a hallmark of severe dengue, and high leukotriene levels have been observed in dengue mouse models, suggesting a role in disease pathogenesis. We sought to explore their role in acute dengue, by assessing levels of urinary LTE4 and urinary histamine in patients with varying severity of acute dengue. Methods Urinary LTE4, histamine and creatinine were measured by a quantitative ELISA, in healthy individuals (n = 19), patients with dengue fever (DF = 72) and dengue haemorrhagic fever DHF (n = 48). The kinetics of LTE4 and histamine and diurnal variations were assessed in a subset of patients. Results Urinary LTE4 levels were significantly higher (p = 0.004) in patients who proceed to develop DHF when compared to patients with DF during early illness (≤ 4 days) and during the critical phase (p = 0.02), which continued to rise in patients who developed DHF during the course of illness. However, LTE4 is unlikely to be a good biomarker as ROCs gave an AUC value of 0.67 (95% CI 0.57 and 0.76), which was nevertheless significant (p = 0.002). Urinary LTE4 levels did not associate with the degree of viraemia, infecting virus serotype and was not different in those with primary vs secondary dengue. Urinary histamine levels were significantly high in patients with acute dengue although no difference was observed between patients with DF and DHF and again did not associate with the viraemia. Interestingly, LTE4, histamine and the viral loads showed a marked diurnal variation in both patients with DF and DHF. Conclusions Our data suggest that LTE4 could play a role in disease pathogenesis and since there are safe and effective cysteinyl leukotriene receptor blockers, it would be important to assess their efficacy in reducing dengue disease severity.

scholarly journals Levels of 25-hydroxy Vitamin D3 and Vitamin D Receptor Polymorphism in Severe Dengue Cases from New Delhi

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Chakravarti ◽  
Tanisha Bharara ◽  
Neeru Kapoor ◽  
Anzar Ashraf
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Receptor ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Severe Dengue ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Disease Pathogenesis ◽  
Dengue Disease ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

Background: Dengue is the “phoenix” that never went to ashes. First identified in 1943, in Japan, dengue virus has worldwide distribution and is a grave public health concern in developing countries like India; Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among adults suspected of having dengue fever and attending Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi. Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism was completed for the detection of vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphism; Results: Serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 (vitamin D) levels were found to be 1.6 times elevated in severe dengue cases as compared to healthy controls. Vitamin D levels were significantly higher in secondary infections compared to primary infections as well as secondary severe dengue cases as compared to secondary non-severe cases (p value < 0.05). A significant association of the T allele (rs2228570) was seen in severe dengue cases, while, when comparing the A/A with A/C and C/C genotypes (rs7975232) among dengue cases and healthy controls, the odds ratio was estimated to be 1.24 (0.55–2.75, p > 0.05) and 0.28 (0.08–0.96, p < 0.05) respectively; Conclusions: The present study is an attempt at decoding the role of vitamin D in dengue disease pathogenesis and exploring the role of genetic polymorphism in dengue disease pathogenesis.

scholarly journals LTD4 and TGF-β1 Induce the Expression of Metalloproteinase-1 in Chronic Rhinosinusitis via a Cysteinyl Leukotriene Receptor 1-Related Mechanism

Sinusitis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-75
Author(s):  
Rogerio Pezato ◽  
Cindy Claeys ◽  
Gabriele Holtappels ◽  
Claus Bachert ◽  
Claudina Pérez-Novo
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Cysteinyl Leukotriene ◽  
Leukotriene Receptor ◽  
Cysteinyl Leukotriene Receptor ◽  
Tgf Β1

scholarly journals Dengue- An Emerging Disease in Nepal

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (184) ◽  
Author(s):  
S B Pun
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Severe Dengue ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Dengue Virus Infection ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Dengue Disease ◽  
Global Spread ◽  
Acute Infectious Disease

Dengue is an acute infectious disease caused by dengue viruses and transmitted by the Aedes species of mosquito. The rapid global spread of the dengue virus into new areas has begun to attract more research attention. A series of dengue fever outbreaks in several districts of Nepal has been recently observed. The evidence of all four serotypes (DEN – 1 - 4) could be a consequence of a sudden resurgence of a more severe dengue disease in Nepal. Health care providers need to become familiar with the disease to prevent or control the possibility of future outbreaks. The clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, epidemiological patterns and challenges of dengue virus infection in Nepal will be discussed here. Keywords: Dengue, epidemiological patterns, Nepal.

scholarly journals IL-18: The Forgotten Cytokine in Dengue Immunopathogenesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Josephine Diony Nanda ◽  
Tzong-Shiann Ho ◽  
Rahmat Dani Satria ◽  
Ming-Kai Jhan ◽  
Yung-Ting Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Disease ◽  
Denv Infection ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Severe Dengue ◽  
Inflammasome Activation ◽  
Dengue Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Stimuli ◽  
Microbial Infections ◽  
Organ Failures ◽  
Cellular Dysfunction

Dengue fever is an infection by the dengue virus (DENV) transmitted by vector mosquitoes. It causes many infections in tropical and subtropical countries every year, thus posing a severe disease threat. Cytokine storms, one condition where many proinflammatory cytokines are mass-produced, might lead to cellular dysfunction in tissue/organ failures and often facilitate severe dengue disease in patients. Interleukin- (IL-) 18, similar to IL-1β, is a proinflammatory cytokine produced during inflammation following inflammasome activation. Inflammatory stimuli, including microbial infections, damage signals, and cytokines, all induce the production of IL-18. High serum IL-18 is remarkably correlated with severely ill dengue patients; however, its possible roles have been less explored. Based on the clinical and basic findings, this review discusses the potential immunopathogenic role of IL-18 when it participates in DENV infection and dengue disease progression based on existing findings and related past studies.

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