scholarly journals Perceived discrimination and contextual problems among children and adolescents in northern Chile

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0246998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerome Flores ◽  
Alejandra Caqueo-Urízar ◽  
Lirna Quintana ◽  
Alfonso Urzúa ◽  
Matías Irarrázaval
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Perceived Discrimination ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Ethnic Identification ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Peer Problems ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Collective Self ◽  
Collective Self Esteem

Discriminatory behaviors among inter-ethnic relations in schools have long been noted and studied, but there are several correlations between discriminatory behaviors and other constructs that need further investigation. As an example, the relation between perceived discrimination and contextual problems—which include family, school and peer problems—among children and adolescents in Latin America has received little attention from previous studies. Further, the mediating role of ethnic identification and collective self-esteem in this relation also needs to be considered as they could be proven as protective factors for discriminatory behavior and its outcomes. Therefore, this study aimed to, first, establish the relationship between perceived discrimination and contextual problems in inter-ethnic students aged 8–19 years living in Arica, Chile; and second, to identify the role that ethnic identification and collective self-esteem play within this relation. In order to investigate this matter, a cross-sectional study was carried out with 3700 students in 29 schools between the fourth year of primary education and the last year of secondary education, aged between 9–18 years, with 48.4% men and 51.6% women. The sample was divided into primary and secondary school groups. The scales utilized were the Everyday Discrimination Scale, Multi-Group Ethnic Identity Measure-Revised Scale, Collective Self-Esteem Scale and the dimensions of contextual family, school and peer problems, as well as the general index of contextual problems of the Child and Adolescent Assessment System. For data analysis, we tested a path analytic model at both the within and between levels to account for the relations between variables. In each group the models obtained an optimal fit. We found that perceived discrimination and ethnic identification were directly related to contextual problems (.23-.39), and collective self-esteem had only a mediating role. This study showed that strategized interventions focusing on ethnic identification and perceived discrimination should be utilized by schools to create a better developing environment.

scholarly journals THE MEDIATION EFFECT OF SELF-ESTEEM ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERSONALITY TRAITS AND COLLECTIVE SELF-ESTEEM IN THE SAMPLE OF LATVIAN ARTS THERAPISTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Zane Krieķe ◽  
Kristīne Mārtinsone ◽  
Viktorija Perepjolkina
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Moderate Correlation ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Collective Self ◽  
Collective Self Esteem ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among personality traits, self-esteem and collective self-esteem of Latvian Arts therapists and specifically to examine a potentially mediating role of self-esteem on the correlation between personality traits and collective self-esteem. The sample of the study consisted of 81 Arts therapists of whom data for 74 AT were analysed. The data were collected by Latvian Personality Inventory (LPI-v3), Collective Self-Esteem Scale (CSES), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) including the demographic data. Pearson correlations indicated significant negative moderate correlation between self-esteem and LPI scale Neuroticism, positive moderate correlation between self-esteem and CSES scale Membership self-esteem and between LPI scale Neuroticism and CSES scale Membership self-esteem, therefore mediation analysis was applied to examine the effect of self-esteem on a relationship between Neuroticism and Membership Self-Esteem. Sobel test was used to test the significance of a mediation effect. Results indicated Self-esteem as a significant mediator in the relationship between Neuroticism and Membership self-esteem. The findings of this research suggest that emotional stability and self-esteem influence Latvian Arts therapist’s sense of identifying themselves as members with their professional group. These results are important for further development of Latvian Arts therapist profession to strengthen Art therapist’s professional identity. 

LOW SELF-ESTEEM AND INGROUP BIAS

1999 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher L. Aberson
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Performance Feedback ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Ingroup Bias ◽  
Alternative Strategies ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Collective Self ◽  
Collective Self Esteem ◽  
Self Consistency

This study examines the effect of collective self-esteem on ingroup bias exhibited through traditional measures (attributions) and alternative strategies (basking in reflected glory). Seventyseven U.S. college students were divided into minimally defined groups, worked together on a series of tasks, received performance feedback, completed the Collective Self-esteem scale (Luhtanen & Crocker, 1992) and then rated similarity to both groups and attributed performances to a variety of causes. It was predicted and found that low self-esteem individuals utilized basking in reflected glory more than individuals with higher self-esteem. Additionally, high self-esteem individuals exhibited greater bias through use of attributional ratings. Results are interpreted as evidence for the mediating role of self-consistency needs on ingroup bias strategies (e.g. Brown, Collins, & Schmidt, 1988).

Cultural Inertia

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 243-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie A. Quezada ◽  
Moira P. Shaw ◽  
Michael A. Zárate
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Change ◽  
The United States ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Ethnic Identification ◽  
White Americans ◽  
Latino Culture ◽  
Collective Self ◽  
Inertia Model ◽  
Collective Self Esteem

The Latino population in the United States is rapidly increasing. This increase produces cultural change, and the cultural inertia model suggests that cultural change is resisted if one’s cultural identity must change. The present study investigates the role of ethnic identification in Latinos’ reactions to pressures to assimilate to mainstream American culture. Perceptions of cultural change were manipulated and prejudice toward White Americans, support for pro-minority legislation, and individual differences in collective self-esteem and openness to cultural change were measured. When biased to believe that their culture will have to change, Latinos high in collective self-esteem expressed greater prejudice toward White Americans and stronger political advocacy for Latino culture. These results support the cultural inertia model and make recommendations for how to improve intergroup relations.

Implicit collective self-esteem: A comparative analysis of Gelao and Han teenagers

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (12) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Hongyun Lyu ◽  
Ningjian Liang ◽  
Zhen Guo ◽  
Rogelio Alejo Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Association Test ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Collective Self ◽  
Implicit And Explicit ◽  
Collective Self Esteem ◽  
The Relationship

In this study we examined the differences in implicit collective self- esteem between Gelao and Han teenagers, using the Implicit Association Test. We also explored the relationship between participants' implicit and explicit collective self-esteem with the Implicit Association Test and the Explicit Collective Self-Esteem Scale. Participants were 169 teenagers residing in Gelao regions in China. The results showed that both Gelao and Han participants had an implicit collective self-esteem effect (i.e., tended to associate their own ethnic group with positive words and the other ethnic group with negative words), and this effect was significantly higher among Gelao than among Han participants. Further, scores on the importance-to-identity subscale of the Explicit Collective Self-Esteem scale were significantly higher in the Gelao versus the Han group. The correlation coefficients between implicit and explicit collective self-esteem for both groups were very low. The significance of the study findings is discussed.

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