scholarly journals Does co-inoculation of mycorrhiza and Piriformospora indica fungi enhance the efficiency of chlorophyll fluorescence and essential oil composition in peppermint under irrigation with saline water from the Caspian Sea?

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0254076
Author(s):  
Masoumeh Khalvandi ◽  
Mohammadreza Amerian ◽  
Hematollah Pirdashti ◽  
Sara Keramati
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Piriformospora Indica ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Medicinal And Aromatic Plants

Symbiotic associations with endophytic fungi are ecologically important for medicinal and aromatic plants. Endophytic fungi highly affect the quantity and quality of herbal products. In this study, a pot experiment was carried out in the greenhouse to investigate the interactive effects of Piriformospora indica and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AMF) inoculation on the chlorophyll fluorescence, essential oil composition, and antioxidant enzymes of peppermint under saline condition. The results showed that Fo, YNPQ, YNO, and NPQ values were obviously increased under salinity conditions, while essential oil content, chlorophyll a and b, gs, Fm, Fv, ETR, ФPSII and Fv/Fm ratio decreased by increasing salinity. In addition, salt induced the excess Na+ uptake, whereas the opposite trend was observed for P and K+. The synergistic association of P. indica and AMF caused a considerable increase in the antioxidant ability, essential oil content, Fv/Fm ratio, ФPSII, and amount of P and K+ uptake in salt-stressed plants. The main peppermint oil constituents, menthol, menthone, and 1,8-cineole increased considerably in inoculated plants. Besides, the applied endophytic fungi positively enhanced the ability of peppermint to alleviate the negative effect of the salinity stress.

scholarly journals Tuz Stresinin Nane (Mentha piperita L.)’de Büyüme ile Uçucu Yağ Miktarı ve Bileşenleri Üzerine Etkileri

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 757
Author(s):  
Nilgün Göktürk Baydar ◽  
Özkan Çoban
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Aromatic Plants ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Medicinal And Aromatic Plants ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
High Concentrations

Peppermint is one of the valuable medicinal and aromatic plants with its powerful flavour and fragrance. Its leaf and essential oil are used in cosmeceuticals, foods, pharmaceutical and personal care products. It is well known that yield and secondary metabolite biosynthesis in the medicinal and aromatic plants are strongly influenced by abiotic stresses. Salinity is also one of the most important stress factors affecting plants. This study was carried out to determine the effect of salt stress on growth, essential oil content and oil constituents in peppermint plants. For this aim, three different concentrations of sodium chloride NaCl (0, 100 and 150 mM) were applied to peppermint plants. As a result of the study it was determined that all of the investigated parameters were significantly affected by NaCl applications. Shoot length, fresh and dry weights of plants and essential oil content decreased in line with the elevating level of NaCl. Besides, NaCl also caused differences in essential oil composition. Menthol and menthone, the main components of the peppermint oil, reduced significantly when NaCl concentration rose to 150 mM. Based on the results, it may be concluded that NaCl especially at high concentrations considerably and negatively affected plant growth, essential oil content and quality of the essential oil.

scholarly journals Changes in the essential oil composition of Majorana hortensis Moench. cultivated in India during plant ontogeny

2010 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ram Verma ◽  
Rajesh Verma ◽  
Amit Chauhan ◽  
Ajai Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Western Himalaya ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Plant Ontogeny ◽  
Different Ages

The essential oil content and composition of 'sweet marjoram? (Majorana hortensis Moench) cultivated in the Kumaon region of the western Himalaya was studied at different ages of the crop. The samples were taken after 60, 90, 120 and 150 days of transplanting. The essential oil contents varied from 0.20 % to 0.70 %. The essential oil was analyzed by GC and GC-MS. Twenty eight components, representing 96.53% - 98.44% of the oil, were identified. The major essential oil constituents, viz., (Z)-sabinene hydrate (37.05% - 47.49%), terpinen-4-ol (14.45% - 16.22%) and (E)-sabinene hydrate (5.81% - 6.97 %) showed considerable variation in their concentrations in relation to crop age.

Effect of elevation and phenological stages on essential oil composition of Stachys

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masomeh Alimohammadi ◽  
Mehrab Yadegari ◽  
Hamze Ali Shirmardi
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Methyl Chavicol ◽  
Full Flowering ◽  
Germacrene D

AbstractObjective:Determine the best elevation and phenological stages effects on essential oil content and composition inMaterials and methods:Three phenological stages (vegetative, full flowering and seeding) and three elevation ranges (2500–2700, 2700–2900 and over 2900 m), shoots of plants collected from Kallar mountain as natural habitats from Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province. Composition of essential oil detected by GC/MS.Results:The maximum amount of secondary metabolites of β-ocimene, methyl chavicol, germacrene-D, 1,8 cineole and phthalate had measured in vegetative stage and various of elevation ranges. The most essential oil content (0.145%) was obtained in 2700–2900 m and full flowering stage. The most components in full flowering were β-eudesmol, menthol and γ-eudesmol. The most of germacrene-D, levomenol, β-thujene, β-caryophyllene, β-sesquiphellandrene, α-eudesmol and delta-cadinene was achieved in seeding stage.Conclusion:Elevation and phenological stages had significant effect on essential oil of

scholarly journals Essential Oil Content, Composition and Bioactivity of Juniper Species in Wyoming, United States

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1701200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valtcho D. Zheljazkov ◽  
Tess Astatkie ◽  
Ekaterina A. Jeliazkova ◽  
Bonnie Heidel ◽  
Lyn Ciampa
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Rocky Mountain ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Chemical Profile ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Leaf Essential Oil ◽  
Common Juniper

The objective of this study was to evaluate variations in leaf essential oil (EO) content and composition of Juniperus species in the Bighorn Mountains { J. communis L. (common juniper), J. horizontalis Moench. (creeping juniper), and J. scopulorum Sarg. (Rocky Mountain juniper)} in Wyoming, USA. The EO was extracted via steam distillation of fresh leaves (needles). The EO composition of the three Juniper species varied widely. Overall, the essential oil content of fresh leaves was 1.0% (0.4–1.8% range in different accessions) in J. communis, 1.3% (1.2 to 1.6% range) in J. horizontalis, and 1.1% (0.7–1.5% range) in J. scopulorum. The EO chemical profile of J. communis was very different from that of the other two species. The concentration of α-pinene in the oil was 67–80% in J. communis, 2.8–6% in J. horizontalis, and 2.3–13% in J. scopulorum. The concentration of sabinene was 57–61% of the oil of J. horizontalis and 13–59% in oil of J. scopulorum, whereas sabinene was either below 1% or not detected in J. communis. The oils of J. scopulorum and J. horizontalis had higher antioxidant capacity than that of J. communis. The oils of the three junipers did not show significant antimicrobial activity against 10 organisms. The diversity of the essential oil composition of these three junipers may encourage diverse industrial applications of Juniperus leaf essential oil.

scholarly journals Basil conservation affected by cropping season, harvest time and storage period

2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franceli da Silva ◽  
Ricardo Henrique Silva Santos ◽  
Nélio José de Andrade ◽  
Luiz Cláudio Almeida Barbosa ◽  
Vicente Wagner Dias Casali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Cropping Season ◽  
Mold And Yeast ◽  
And Storage

Fresh basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is used in food, phytotherapic industry, and in traditional therapeutic, due to its essential oil content and composition. Nevertheless basil can not be kept for long periods after harvest and its quality can be reduced. This work aimed to assess the influence of the season and harvest time in the postharvest conservation of basil stored for different periods. Basil was harvested at 8 am and 4 pm both in August/1999 and January/2000. Cuttings were conditioned in PVC packages and stored for 3, 6, and 9 days. During storage, chlorophyll content, essential oil content and composition were determined as well as microbiological analyses were carried out. Harvest season and the days of storage influenced the final content of essential oil. There was a linear decrease in the content of essential oil, in the chlorophyll content and in the number of mold and yeast colonies during storage. There was no effect of cropping season or harvest hour on essential oil composition, but the eugenol and linalool content increased during storage. Coliforms were under 0.3 MPN g-1 and the number of Staphylococcus aureus was under 1.0x10² UFC g-1.

scholarly journals Volatile Oil Composition of Some Commercial Medicinal Plants Sold in Konya, Turkey

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Eray Tulukcu
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Thyme Essential Oil ◽  
The Difference

This study was conducted to determine the essential oil composition of some medicinal plants from herbalists that local community have interest in; The research was carried out in the Medicinal Plants Laboratory of  Konya, in 2014 – 2015. The medicinal plants used in the research were supplied by herbalists and wholesalers who supply medicinal plants in Konya. At the end of this study, essential oil composition of medicinal plants ranged from 0.71 % (Daphne) to 5% (Thyme). The lavender essential oil composition ranged between 2% and 5%, while the composition of thyme essential oil ranged between 1% and 5%. There are several reasons for the change observed in the essential oil content of medicinal plants. In general, the effect of difference in the proportion of essential oils of the medicinal plants used in the study was as a result of the difference in regions, domestically and abroad where these plants were collected.

scholarly journals Chemical Variability of Essential Oils from Zanthoxylum leprieurii Guill. et Perr (Rutaceae) According to Plant Organs

2020 ◽  
pp. 18-25
Author(s):  
Yoro Tine ◽  
Alioune Diallo ◽  
William Diatta ◽  
Jean-Marie Desjobert ◽  
Jean Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Aromatic Plants ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Medicinal And Aromatic Plants ◽  
Plant Organs ◽  
Chemical Variability ◽  
Germacrene D

Zanthoxylum leprieurii belonging to Rutaceae family, is a medicinal and aromatic plants widely used in ethnopharmacology. Like other plants of Rutaceae family such as Citrus sp., the essential oils of this species could be used in cosmetic and pharmaceutical products. Thus, the essential oils of Z. leprieurii from different plant organs (fruit, leaf, stem and root) were investigated by using GC and GC-MS. The volatile composition of Z. leprieurii fruits exhibited relative high amounts of hydrocarbons monoterpenes (90.9%) such as (E)-β-ocimene (50.9%) and a-pinene (30.4%). The chemical composition of fruit oils was compared with volatile fractions of leaves, stems and roots from the same plant station. Germacrene B (9.0%), b-phellandrene (7.6%), caryophyllene oxide (7.2%) and b-caryophyllene (5.3%) were identified as the major constituents of leaves whereas the essential oil composition of the roots dominated by sesquiterpenes (83.3%) such as germacrone (23.5%), germacrene B (19.1%), g-elemene (6.0%), elemenone (4.0%) and b-elemene (2.4%) in the essential oil of the stems, b-Phellandrene (12.7%), germacrene B (5.0%), germacrene D (4.7%) and cis-9-Octadecen-1-ol (4.6%) have been reported as majority compounds.

Effect of Harvest Times on Rhizoma Yield, Essential Oil Content and Composition in Iris germanica L. Species

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nimet Kara ◽  
Gökhan Gürbüzer
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Iris Germanica ◽  
Made In

Research was conducted to examining the effects of harvest periods on root yield, essential oil content, resinoid content and essential oil composition of Iris species. Iris germanica field in Kuyucak town of Isparta which plant 3 years were constituted in 2016 year as three replications plots according to randomized block experimental design. Harvest was made in the middle each month from April to September (6 periods). Number of rhizomes weight, fresh rhizome yield, dry rhizome yield, essential oil ratio, resinoid ratio and composition in the Iris germanica were determined. In the study, differences between rhizome yield and examining characteristics of Iris germanica according to harvesting periods were statistically significant. Number of rhizomes varied between 3.27-6.47 per plant, rhizome weight 85.55-186.52 g per plant, fresh rhizome yield 972.8-1651.2 kg da-1, dry rhizome yield 212.33-457.50 kg da-1, essential oil and resinoid ratio of rhizome obtained after harvest 0.057-0.076%, 8.00-10.57% essential oil and resinoid ratio in stored rhizomes 0.10-0.14%, 6.95-10.45%, respectively. Rate of α-iron and ɣ-iron components that determine to qualities in essential oil of Iris rhizomes in after harvest varied between 16.1-27.7% and 23.4-50.8% and 29.4-31.2% and 55.2-59% in the essential oil stored rhizomes of Iris germanica, respectively.

Seasonal Variation in the Essential Oil Composition of Origanum majorana L. Cultivated in Egypt

2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 611-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fathy M. Soliman ◽  
Miriam F. Yousif ◽  
Soumaya S. Zaghloul ◽  
Mona M. Okba
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Origanum Majorana ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Autumn And Winter ◽  
Time Of Collection

Z. Naturforsch. 64 c, 611 - 614 (2009); received March 1/30, 2009 The hydrodistilled essential oil content of Origanum majorana L. (Lamiaceae) ranged from 2.5 - 3% with the maximal value (3%) in spring. Analysis of the oil by GC/MS resulted in the identifi cation of 15, 15, 11, and 14 components in the oils prepared in spring, summer, autumn, and winter, respectively. The composition of the essential oils differed quantitatively and qualitatively according to the time of collection. Thymol (38.4%) and cis-sabinene hydrate (25.3%) were the major components in spring plants. Terpinen-4-ol (37.4%, 20.5%, 16.3%) was a major component in the summer, autumn and winter oils, respectively. cis- Sabinene hydrate (54.4%) was major in winter plants while terpinolene (43.1%) was the main component in autumn plants. Other components detected in lower amounts in all oil samples were sabinene and p-cymene (up to 7.4% and 13.9% in autumn), and α-terpinene (up to 13.3% in summer)

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