scholarly journals COVID-19 severity and mortality in multiple sclerosis are not associated with immunotherapy: Insights from a nation-wide Austrian registry

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0255316
Author(s):  
Gabriel Bsteh ◽  
Hamid Assar ◽  
Harald Hegen ◽  
Bettina Heschl ◽  
Fritz Leutmezer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Multivariable Models ◽  
Disease Modifying ◽  
Disease Modifying Treatment

Background The COVID-19 pandemic challenges neurologists in counselling patients with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) regarding their risk by SARS-CoV-2 and in guiding disease-modifying treatment (DMT). Objective To characterize the prevalence and outcome of COVID-19 in pwMS specifically associated with different DMT in a nationwide population-based study. Methods We included patients aged ≥18 years with a confirmed diagnosis of MS and a diagnosis of COVID-19 established between January 1, 2020 and December 31, 2020. We classified COVID-19 course as either mild, severe or fatal. Impact of DMT and specifically immunosuppressants (alemtuzumab, cladribine, fingolimod, ocrelizumab or rituximab) on COVID-19 outcome was determined by multivariable models, adjusted for a-priori-risk. Results Of 126 MS patients with COVID-19 (mean age 43.2 years [SD 13.4], 71% female), 86.5% had a mild course, 9.5% a severe course and 3.2% died from COVID-19. A-priori-risk significantly predicted COVID-19 severity (R2 0.814; p<0.001) and mortality (R2 0.664; p<0.001). Adjusting for this a-priori-risk, neither exposure to any DMT nor exposure to specific immunosuppressive DMT were significantly associated with COVID-19 severity (odds ratio [OR] 1.6; p = 0.667 and OR 1.9; p = 0.426) or mortality (OR 0.5; p = 0.711 and 2.1; 0.233) when compared to no DMT. Conclusions In a population-based MS cohort, COVID-19 outcome was not associated with exposure to DMT and immunosuppressive DMT when accounting for other already known risk factors. This provides reassuring evidence that COVID-19 risk can be individually anticipated in MS and–except for a very small proportion of high-risk patients–treatment decisions should be primarily focused on treating MS rather than the pandemic.

scholarly journals Cost-effectiveness of disease-modifying therapy for multiple sclerosis: A population-based study

Neurology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Noyes ◽  
A. Bajorska ◽  
A. Chappel ◽  
S. R. Schwid ◽  
L. R. Mehta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Disease Modifying Therapy ◽  
Disease Modifying

Persistence and adherence to the new oral disease-modifying therapies for multiple sclerosis: A population-based study

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 364-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solmaz Setayeshgar ◽  
Elaine Kingwell ◽  
Feng Zhu ◽  
Tingting Zhang ◽  
Robert Carruthers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Oral Disease ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Disease Modifying Therapies ◽  
Disease Modifying

DISEASE MODIFYING TREATMENT UTILISATION IN MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS

2015 ◽  
Vol 86 (11) ◽  
pp. e4.30-e4
Author(s):  
Owain H Williams ◽  
Katharine E Harding ◽  
Mark Willis ◽  
Trevor Pickersgill ◽  
Mark Wardle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Drug Efficacy ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Treatment Pathways ◽  
Disease Modifying ◽  
Course Length ◽  
Disease Modifying Treatment ◽  
Treatment Escalation

BackgroundThe number of disease modifying treatments (DMT) for multiple sclerosis continues to expand, although there is limited data concerning their long term use and utilisation in clinical practice.ObjectiveDescriptive analysis of historic and current DMT utilisation in relation to treatment pathways, course length and discontinuation reasons in real practice.MethodsA subset of a population-based cohort of MS identified 270 patients with prospective data on DMT utilisation, reasons for discontinuation were classified. Descriptive and survival analysis were conducted.Results498 drug initiation events were identified in 270 patients. 2nd line treatment was initiated in 39%, 3rd line=9%, 4th line=3%, 5th line=0.4%, 6th line=0.4%. Commonest DMT initiated was Interferon (67%) followed by Alemtuzumab, with proportional increase in prescription with each line of treatment escalation (1st=19%, 2nd=26%, 3rd=36%). Persistence on first DMT was a median of 1.7 (1.4–2.3) years for Interferon and 2.7 (0.8–5.1) years for Copaxone, excluding fixed course DMTs. Discontinuation occurred on 307 occasions, with the commonest reason being intolerance of side effects in 57%.ConclusionThe greatest limitation to drug efficacy will be its course length and its appropriate utilisation, thus a greater understanding of drug indication and discontinuation will be of benefit in clinical practice.

scholarly journals PND45 USE OF DISEASE-MODIFYING DRUGS IN MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS: A POPULATION BASED STUDY

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. A150-A151
Author(s):  
K Noyes ◽  
A Bajorska ◽  
S Schwid ◽  
R Holloway ◽  
A Dick
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Disease Modifying Drugs ◽  
Disease Modifying

scholarly journals Risk Factors of Orofacial Pain: A Population-Based Study in West Java Province, Indonesia

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 710-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasmi Rikmasari ◽  
Gilang Yubiliana ◽  
Tantry Maulina
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Orofacial Pain ◽  
Population Based ◽  
West Java ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background: The management of orofacial pain in Indonesia has not been well performed, which consequently led to an increase in the orofacial pain occurrences and a decreased quality of life. One of the possible reasons for this particular matter is the lack of evaluation on the risk factors that might induce orofacial pain in some individuals. Objective: The objective of the current study was to evaluate the risk factors of orofacial pain on productive age population in West Java province, Indonesia. Methods: One thousand and fifty-six participants (522 males; 534 females) were recruited for the study. A questionnaire that consists of demographic questions and questions evaluating several assumed risk factors for orofacial pain was used in a single interview. All data was analyzed by using Chi Square test to test the significance, Odds Ratio (OR), as well as Relative Risk (RR) by using SPSS version 23 (IBM Statistic, USA). Results: The result of the current study revealed that bruxism (p<0.01), daytime clenching (p<0.01), and unilateral chewing (p<0.01) were significantly related to the occurrence of orofacial pain. It was also found that participants who performed multitude of heavy liftings at work have an increased risk (RR=1.19: 95% CI: 1.04 – 1.35) of having orofacial pain compared to those who do not. Conclusion: Risk factors for the occurrence of orofacial pain on productive age population in Indonesian sample consisted of oral parafunctional habits and non-parafunctional habits, such as heavy lifting. Further study in this particular topic is of importance.

scholarly journals Association between age-related cataract and blepharoptosis in Korean adults: a population-based study

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung-Sun Na ◽  
Su-Kyung Jung ◽  
Younhea Jung ◽  
Kyungdo Han ◽  
Jiyoung Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Adjusted Logistic Regression ◽  
Similar Risk

AbstractCataract and blepharoptosis are both commonly encountered ophthalmic problems in older adults. Since they share similar risk factors, it is plausible that there may be an association between the two conditions. We examined data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2010–2012 to determine if there is an association between age-related cataract and blepharoptosis. Multivariable adjusted logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for association of each specific type of cataract with presence of blepharoptosis. Of the 10,387 eligible participants, 4782 (46.0%) had cataract and 1419 (15.8%) had blepharoptosis. There were more participants with blepharoptosis in the cataract group, compared with those in the no cataract group. After adjusting for potential confounders, participants with blepharoptosis had a higher risk of total cataract (OR: 1.557, 95% CI 1.201–2.019) and nuclear subtype cataract (OR: 1.305, 95% CI 1.050–1.620). Blepharoptosis was associated with significantly higher odds of cataract in obese participants when compared with non-obese participants (p for interaction = 0.0236). Our study revealed a positive association between age-related cataract and blepharoptosis; it suggests that thorough ophthalmic assessment is needed when assessing patients who are planning cataract or blepharoptosis surgery.

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