scholarly journals Retrospective survey of youth sports participation: Development and assessment of reliability using school records

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0257487
Author(s):  
Steven Jin ◽  
Amanda R. Rabinowitz ◽  
Jordan Weiss ◽  
Sameer Deshpande ◽  
Nitika Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Youth Sports ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Retrospective Survey ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Impact ◽  
School Records

Many youths participate in sports, and it is of interest to understand the impact of youth sports participation on later-life outcomes. However, prospective studies take a long time to complete and retrospective studies may be more practical and time-efficient to address some questions. We pilot a retrospective survey of youth sports participation and examine agreement between respondent’s self-reported participation with high school records in a sample of 84 adults who graduated from high school between 1948 and 2018. The percent agreement between our survey and the school resources for individual sports ranged between 91.5% and 100%. These findings provide preliminary evidence for the reliability of retrospective self-report of youth sports participation. This survey may serve as an efficient approach for evaluating relationships between involvement in youth sports and health outcomes later in adulthood.

scholarly journals Character Development Through Youth Sport: High School Coaches’ Perspectives about a Character-based Education Program

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 127-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaitlyn A. Ferris ◽  
Andrea Vest Ettekal ◽  
Jennifer P. Agans ◽  
Brian M. Burkhard
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Character Development ◽  
Youth Sports ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
High School Sports ◽  
Coach Education ◽  
High School Coaches ◽  
School Sports ◽  
Education Workshop ◽  
Sports Coaches

This study examined high school sports coaches’ perspectives about a character-based coach education workshop designed to promote positive coaching practices and transform the culture of youth sports. Fifteen coaches (Mage = 42.07, SD = 14.62, 73.3% male) provided feedback about Positive Coaching Alliance’s (PCA) “Double-Goal Coach” training program and what aspects of the workshop they applied to their coaching practices. Results indicated that coaches believed that participation in PCA workshops contributed to the value coaches attributed to individuals, to coach-oriented character development, and to positive relationships within youth sports. The coaches also suggested changes in future PCA workshops. These findings provide preliminary evidence that coaches’ incorporate skills acquired through participation in character-based coach education programs. We discuss implications for coaches and athletes, and for policies aimed at enhancing positive youth attributes developed through sport.  

scholarly journals Concussion Epidemiology in Youth Sports: Sports Study of a Statewide High School Sports Program

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
Benjamin J. Chun ◽  
Troy Furutani ◽  
Ross Oshiro ◽  
Casey Young ◽  
Gale Prentiss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Student Athletes ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
High School Sports ◽  
School Sports ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Injury Reporting ◽  
The Impact

Background: Current research on concussion incidence in youth athletes (age <18 years) is small and limited by variability in injury reporting and diagnostic methodology. Hypothesis: Concussion injuries commonly occur in high school sports programs. The likelihood of concussion among student-athletes (aged 13-18 years) depends on the sport they are participating in as well as the sex of the athlete. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Level of Evidence: Level 4. Methods: A retrospective analysis of all Hawaii high school athletes aged 13 to 18 years participating in 14 sports from 2011 through 2017 was performed as part of a statewide standardized concussion assessment and management program. Results: A total of 5993 concussions were identified among 92,966 athletes. The overall concussion rate was 0.96 (95% CI, 0.94-0.99). Girls’ judo had the highest concussion rate (1.92; 95% CI, 1.68-2.17) followed by football (1.60; 95% CI, 1.53-1.66). The concussion rate for boys (1.0; 95% CI, 0.97-1.03) was higher than that for girls (0.91; 95% CI, 0.87-0.95); however, in 4 of the 5 sports in which both girls and boys participated, girls had a higher rate of concussion injury. Conclusion: The likelihood of concussion among student-athletes aged 13 to 18 years may be higher than previously thought and varies depending on sport and sex. Clinical Relevance: Epidemiologic data on concussion injury in children and adolescents are useful in accurately determining the relative risks of high school sports participation and may be valuable in determining the appropriate allocation of health care and scholastic resources for student-athletes, as well as the impact of rule and training modifications designed to improve participant safety.

scholarly journals CONTINUITY OF CAREER OVER THE LIFE COURSE ON LIFE SATISFACTION AND DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS IN LATER LIFE

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S128-S129
Author(s):  
Melanie S Hill ◽  
James E Hill ◽  
Stephanie Richardson ◽  
Jessica Brown ◽  
Jeremy B Yorgason ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Career Choice ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Identity scholars have suggested that having a unified sense of past, present, and future is related to positive well-being outcomes (Whitbourne, Sneed & Skultety, 2009). One’s occupation can have a profound influence on an individual’s identity throughout the life course (Nazar & van der Heijden, 2012). Research has looked at career mobility among younger age groups (Baiyun, Ramkissoon, Greenwood, & Hoyte, 2018); however, less is known about the impact of career stability later in life. Consistency in career choice over the life course may have positive outcomes down the line as career becomes part of an individual's identity. The current study uses the Life and Family Legacies dataset, a longitudinal state-representative sample of 3,348, to examine individual’s careers at three points in the life course: high school (projected career choice), early adulthood, and later life. Results revealed that a match of desired career in high school and actual career in early adulthood was not predictive of life satisfaction or depressive symptoms in later life. However, a match of career in early adulthood and later life was significantly related to better life satisfaction and less depressive symptoms, which was explained through higher levels of job satisfaction. This study highlights the importance of acquiring and maintaining a career that is fulfilling to the individual over the course of early adulthood to later life.

scholarly journals Real-Time Reporting of Small Operational Failures in Nursing Care

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen R. Stevens ◽  
Robert L. Ferrer
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Frontline Staff ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Surgical Units ◽  
Problem Detection ◽  
Operational Failures ◽  
The Impact

Addressing microsystem problems from the frontline holds promise for quality enhancement. Frontline providers are urged to apply quality improvement; yet no systematic approach to problem detection has been tested. This study investigated a self-report approach to detecting operational failures encountered during patient care.Methods. Data were collected from 5 medical-surgical units over 4 weeks. Unit staff documented operational failures on a small distinctive Pocket Card. Frequency distributions for the operational failures in each category were calculated for each hospital overall and disaggregated by shift. Rate of operational failures on each unit was also calculated.Results. A total of 160 nurses participated in this study reporting a total of 2,391 operational failures over 429 shifts. Mean number of problems per shift varied from 4.0 to 8.5 problems with equipment/supply problems being the most commonly reported category.Conclusions. Operational failures are common on medical-surgical clinical units. It is feasible for unit staff to record these failures in real time. Many types of failures were recognized by frontline staff. This study provides preliminary evidence that the Pocket Card is a feasible approach to detecting operational failures in real time. Continued research on methodologies to investigate the impact of operational failures is warranted.

The Impact of Perpetrator Characteristics on the Completion of a Partner Abuse Intervention Program

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (23-24) ◽  
pp. 5228-5254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jami L. Mach ◽  
Arthur L. Cantos ◽  
Emily N. Weber ◽  
David S. Kosson
Keyword(s):  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Readiness To Change ◽  
Partner Abuse ◽  
Stage Of Change ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Program Completion ◽  
Composite Score ◽  
Self Report ◽  
The Impact

This study examined how type of perpetrator (family only [FO] vs. generally violent [GV]), readiness to change, and stake in conformity function separately and together in predicting completion of a partner abuse intervention program (PAIP). Data were collected from 192 male perpetrators of intimate partner violence (IPV) who were court mandated to attend a PAIP. Participants were categorized as FO violent or GV based on a combination of their self-report and official records of violence. Stake in conformity has been defined as the degree to which an individual is invested in the values and institutions of a society. A composite stake in conformity score was computed for each participant based on his education level, and marital and employment status. Each participant was also assigned a stage of change score based on his responses on a validated measure of stage of change for domestic violence perpetrators. Analyses indicated that stage of change was not related to program completion or attendance. Type of perpetrator and stake in conformity composite score were significantly related to program completion. Perpetrators with higher stake in conformity scores and individuals categorized as FO attended more PAIP sessions and were more likely to complete the program. When both predictors were examined together, only stake in conformity composite score uniquely predicted program attendance and completion. These findings provide additional evidence that subtype of IPV perpetrator has implications for treatment responsiveness and provide preliminary evidence for the value of improved measurement of investment in societal institutions.

scholarly journals Childhood maltreatment moderates the effect of combat exposure on cingulum structural integrity

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 1735-1747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Layla Banihashemi ◽  
Meredith L. Wallace ◽  
Lei K. Sheu ◽  
Michael C. Lee ◽  
Peter J. Gianaros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Internal Capsule ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Combat Exposure ◽  
Emotion And Memory ◽  
The Impact

AbstractLimbic white matter pathways link emotion, cognition, and behavior and are potentially malleable to the influences of traumatic events throughout development. However, the impact of interactions between childhood and later life trauma on limbic white matter pathways has yet to be examined. Here, we examined whether childhood maltreatment moderated the effect of combat exposure on diffusion tensor imaging measures within a sample of military veterans (N = 28). We examined five limbic tracts of interest: two components of the cingulum (cingulum, cingulate gyrus, and cingulum hippocampus [CGH]), the uncinate fasciculus, the fornix/stria terminalis, and the anterior limb of the internal capsule. Using effect sizes, clinically meaningful moderator effects were found only within the CGH. Greater combat exposure was associated with decreased CGH fractional anisotropy (overall structural integrity) and increased CGH radial diffusivity (perpendicular water diffusivity) among individuals with more severe childhood maltreatment. Our findings provide preliminary evidence of the moderating effect of childhood maltreatment on the relationship between combat exposure and CGH structural integrity. These differences in CGH structural integrity could have maladaptive implications for emotion and memory, as well as provide a potential mechanism by which childhood maltreatment induces vulnerability to later life trauma exposure.

High School Athletic Participation and Postsecondary Educational and Occupational Mobility: A Focus on Race and Gender

1993 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Sabo ◽  
Merrill J. Melnick ◽  
Beth E. Vanfossen
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Educational Expectations ◽  
Athletic Participation ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
School Sports ◽  
And Gender ◽  
High School Athletic ◽  
The Impact

This study examines the impact of race and gender differences on the social mobility of high school athletes using the longitudinal, panel data of the High School and Beyond study. Regressions of educational and occupational attainment measures on sports participation were estimated for subgroups differentiated by race/ethnic status, gender, and school location (urban, suburban, and rural). It was found that participation in high school sports was most likely to affect the postsecondary status attainment of white males and, to a lesser extent, suburban white females and rural Hispanic females. High school athletic participation had almost no effect on the college-going behavior or educational expectations of black males and females. Interscholastic athletic participation was generally unrelated to postsecondary occupational status and aspirations.

scholarly journals “You're in the Army Now:” The Impact of World War II on Women's Education, Work, and Family

2014 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taylor Jaworski
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Family Formation ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
College Graduation ◽  
World War ◽  
Total War ◽  
College Graduation Rates ◽  
The Impact

World War II temporarily halted the rise in high school and college graduation rates. This article shows that manpower mobilization for World War II decreased educational attainment among high school-age females during the early 1940s, reduced employment and earnings, and altered decisions regarding family formation. I then provide evidence that women in this cohort returned to school in later life and relate these findings to the “quiet revolution” taking place as women learned about the benefits of school and work over the second half of the twentieth century.“Education has been ever in the nation's service. But in these days of total war that service has a new significance. ‘You're in the Army now’ is no cliché–it is an expression of national necessity.”1

Using stereoscopy to teach complex biological concepts

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Ferdig ◽  
James Blank ◽  
Annette Kratcoski ◽  
Robert Clements
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Human Anatomy ◽  
School Students ◽  
Biological Concepts ◽  
The Impact

Used effectively, stereoscopic three-dimensional (3D) technologies can engage students with complex disciplinary content as they are presented with informative representations of abstract concepts. In addition, preliminary evidence suggests that stereoscopy may enhance learning and retention in some educational settings. Biological concepts particularly benefit from this type of presentation since complex spatially oriented structures frequently define function within these systems. Viewing biological phenomena in 3D as they are in real life allows the user to relate these spatial relationships and easily grasp concepts making the key connection between structure and function. In addition, viewing these concepts interactively in 3D and in a manner that leads to increased engagement for young prospective scientists can further increase the impact. We conducted two studies evaluating the use of this technology as an instructional tool to teach high school students complex biological concepts. The first study tested the use of stereoscopic materials for teaching brain function and human anatomy to four classes. The second study evaluated stereoscopic images to support the learning of cell structure and DNA in four different high school classes. Most important, students who used stereoscopic 3D had significantly higher test scores than those who did not. In addition, students reported enjoying 3D presentations, and it was among their top choices for learning about these complex concepts. In summary, our evidence adds further support for the benefits of 3D images to students' learning of science concepts.

Sports Participation in Youth as a Predictor of Physical Activity: A 5-Year Longitudinal Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 704-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Hardie Murphy ◽  
David Anthony Rowe ◽  
Catherine B. Woods
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Sports Club ◽  
Club Sports ◽  
Elite Level

Background:The contribution of sports related factors to predicting long-term physical activity (PA) are unclear. The purpose of this study is to examine tracking of PA during key transition periods in youth and to determine the longitudinal associations between sports club participation and PA.Methods:Participants (n = 873, baseline age 10 to 18 years) completed self-report surveys in 2009 and 2014 that included the PACE+ PA tool and sports club participation questions. Spearman correlations assessed PA tracking. ANCOVA analyses examined predictors (sports participation at baseline) of PA (follow-up), adjusting for (a) age and sex; and (b) age, sex, and baseline PA.Results:Tracking of PA was weak-to-moderate (ρ = .16 to .47). Greater sports participation frequency at baseline significantly predicted PA at follow-up (P < .01). Involvement in club sports at an elite level had a medium-to-large effect on PA levels 5 years later [d = .75 adjusting for (a); d = .60 adjusting for (b)].Conclusion:PA should be promoted in youth as tracking coefficients suggest it can, to an extent, continue into later life. The standard achieved in sport has a role in predicting later PA. PA promotion strategies should include frequent, high quality opportunities for sports participation.

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