scholarly journals Humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines: Role of past infection

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0259703
Author(s):  
Ashley N. Gray ◽  
Rachel Martin-Blais ◽  
Nicole H. Tobin ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Sarah L. Brooker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Vaccine Dose ◽  
Fire Department ◽  
Past Infection ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Rate Of Decay ◽  
Chemiluminescent Microparticle Immunoassay ◽  
Humoral Responses ◽  
The University

Two mRNA vaccines (BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273) against severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are globally authorized as a two-dose regimen. Understanding the magnitude and duration of protective immune responses is vital to curbing the pandemic. We enrolled 461 high-risk health services workers at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) and first responders in the Los Angeles County Fire Department (LACoFD) to assess the humoral responses in previously infected (PI) and infection naïve (NPI) individuals to mRNA-based vaccines (BNT162b2/Pfizer- BioNTech or mRNA-1273/Moderna). A chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay was used to detect antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 Spike in vaccinees prior to (n = 21) and following each vaccine dose (n = 246 following dose 1 and n = 315 following dose 2), and at days 31–60 (n = 110) and 61–90 (n = 190) following completion of the 2-dose series. Both vaccines induced robust antibody responses in all immunocompetent individuals. Previously infected individuals achieved higher median peak titers (p = 0.002) and had a slower rate of decay (p = 0.047) than infection-naïve individuals. mRNA-1273 vaccinated infection-naïve individuals demonstrated modestly higher titers following each dose (p = 0.005 and p = 0.029, respectively) and slower rates of antibody decay (p = 0.003) than those who received BNT162b2. A subset of previously infected individuals (25%) required both doses in order to reach peak antibody titers. The biologic significance of the differences between previously infected individuals and between the mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2 vaccines remains uncertain, but may have important implications for booster strategies.

Book Reviews

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 809-818
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
The United States ◽  
Factor Endowments ◽  
University Of Wisconsin ◽  
European Colonization ◽  
The University ◽  
Relative Differences

Jeffrey G. Williamson of Harvard University and University of Wisconsin reviews “Economic Development in the Americas since 1500: Endowments and Institutions” by Stanley L. Engerman and Kenneth L. Sokoloff. The EconLit abstract of the reviewed work begins: Eleven papers explore differences in the rates of economic growth in Latin America and mainland North America, specifically the United States and Canada, and consider how relative differences in growth over time are related to differences in the institutions that developed in different economies. Papers discuss paths of development -- an overview; factor endowments and institutions; the role of institutions in shaping factor endowments; the evolution of suffrage institutions; the evolution of schooling – 1800–1925; inequality and the evolution of taxation; land and immigration policies; politics and banking systems; five hundred years of European colonization; institutional and noninstitutional explanations of economic development; and institutions in political and economic development. Engerman is John H. Munro Professor of Economics and Professor of History at the University of Rochester. The late Sokoloff was Professor in the Department of Economics at the University of California, Los Angeles. Bibliography; index.

Narcolepsy

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 295-297
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Marine Mammals ◽  
Research Society ◽  
National Institutes Of Health ◽  
University Of California ◽  
Rapid Eye Movement Sleep ◽  
Sleep Research ◽  
The University

Jerome M. Siegel, PhD, is professor of psychiatry at the University of California, Los Angeles, former president of the Sleep Research Society, and the recipient of Merit and Javits awards from the National Institutes of Health and the Distinguished Scientist award from the Sleep Research Society. His laboratory has made discoveries concerning the role of hypocretin in human narcolepsy and Parkinson's disease. He has studied the phylogeny of sleep as a clue to sleep function, discovering that the primitive mammal platypus has rapid eye movement sleep and that marine mammals can go without extended periods of sleep for long periods without ill effects.

scholarly journals Sexual well-being and diurnal cortisol after prostate cancer treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 1796-1801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A Hoyt ◽  
Allison E Gaffey ◽  
Ashley W Wang ◽  
Mark S Litwin ◽  
Catalina J Lawsin
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Sexual Functioning ◽  
Response Assessment ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Prostate Cancer Treatment ◽  
Diurnal Cortisol ◽  
Sexual Rehabilitation ◽  
The University

Sexual dysfunction and psychological distress are common after prostate cancer. Research has not examined the role of neuroendocrine markers of stress (e.g. cortisol). This study examines whether sexual functioning or sexual bother is associated with diurnal cortisol. Men treated for prostate cancer completed the University of California–Los Angeles Prostate Cancer Index and provided saliva samples four times daily for cortisol assessment. Higher sexual bother, but not sexual functioning, was associated with steeper cortisol slope. Better sexual functioning, and not sexual bother, was significantly associated with the cortisol awakening response. Assessment of stress and stress-reducing interventions might be warranted in sexual rehabilitation after prostate cancer.

scholarly journals Efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in thoracic cancer patients: a prospective study supporting a third dose in patients with minimal serologic response after two vaccine doses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie GOUNANT ◽  
Valentine Marie FERRE ◽  
Ghassen SOUSSI ◽  
Charlotte charpentier ◽  
Heloise FLAMENT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Vaccine Dose ◽  
Corticosteroid Treatment ◽  
Thoracic Cancer ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Chronic Corticosteroid ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Humoral Responses

Hypothesis Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) resulted in a 30% mortality rate in thoracic cancer patients. Given that cancer patients were excluded from serum anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) vaccine registration trials, it is still unknown whether they would develop a protective anti-spike antibody response following vaccination. This prospective vaccine monitoring study primarily aimed to assess humoral responses to SARS-CoV2 vaccine in thoracic cancer patients. Methods SARS-CoV2-spike antibodies were measured using Abbot ARCHITECT SARS-CoV-2 IgG immunoassay, prior to first injection of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine, as well as at Week 4, and two-to-sixteen weeks after second vaccine dose. The factors associated with antibody response were analyzed. Results Overall, 306 patients, with a median age of 67.0 years (IQR=58-74), were vaccinated. Of these, 283 patients received two vaccine doses at 28-day intervals. After 4.7-month median follow-up, seven patients (2.3%) contracted proven symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection, with rapid favorable evolution. Of 269 serological results available beyond Day 14 post-second vaccine dose, 17 (6.3%) were still negative (<50 AU/mL) (arbitrary units/mL), while 34 (11%) were <300 AU/mL (12.5th percentile). In multivariate analysis, only age and chronic corticosteroid treatment were significantly associated with a lack of immunization. Thirty patients received a third vaccine dose, with only three patients showing persistent negative serology thereafter, whereas the others demonstrated clear seroconversion. Conclusion SARS-CoV2 vaccines were shown to be efficient in thoracic cancer patients, most of them being immunized after two doses. A third shot given to 11% of patients with persistent low antibody titers resulted in a 88% immunization rate.

scholarly journals Zoltán Kodály’s visit to Santa Barbara and the premieres of the Psalmus Hungaricus and the symphony in America

2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-117
Author(s):  
Melinda Melinda
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
University Of California ◽  
Santa Barbara ◽  
Zoltan Kodaly ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University

The article focuses on a particular station of Zoltán Kodály’s 1966 American tour, the fortnight spent in Santa Barbara, California in August 1966, during which he gave a televised interview to Ernő Dániel, chaired the conference “The Role of Music in Education: A Conference with Zoltán Kodály” held at the University of California, Santa Barbara, and attended a concert organized in his honor. Based on her research conducted on the spot in 1994 as well as on sources from the estate of Ernő Dániel, the paper also reconstructs the history of the premieres in California during the early 1960s of Psalmus Hungaricus (Santa Barbara, 1961) and the Symphony (Santa Barbara and Los Angeles, 1963). The article also surveys the career of Ernő Dániel, an alumnus of the Budapest Music Academy, in America (1949–1977)

scholarly journals On the Theory of Parties

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nolan McCarty ◽  
Eric Schickler
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Presidential Elections ◽  
The United States ◽  
Party Politics ◽  
University Of California ◽  
Democratic Responsiveness ◽  
Primary Hypothesis ◽  
The University

The theory of parties put forward by scholars associated with the University of California at Los Angeles argues that political parties are best viewed as coalitions of intense policy demanders. These policy demanders use their control of nomination processes to select candidates loyal to the groups’ shared policy priorities. By highlighting the role of groups, this theory has made a major contribution to our understanding of party politics, breathing new life into important debates about the limitations of democratic responsiveness in the United States. The theory, however, leaves a number of theoretical and empirical issues unresolved. The “invisible primary” hypothesis has performed poorly in recent presidential elections. More importantly, we argue that the next generation of party theorizing needs to account for the distinctive roles and capacities of officeholders and voters, and to reengage the idea of formal parties as institutional intermediaries between groups, politicians, and voters.

MATERIAL HANDLING MACHINES AND SYSTEMS – UMI-TWINN PROJECT CONTRIBUTION

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-20
Author(s):  
Péter Telek ◽  
Béla Illés ◽  
Christian Landschützer ◽  
Fabian Schenk ◽  
Flavien Massi
Keyword(s):  
Material Handling ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Flow Process ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Scientific Excellence ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
New Research ◽  
Eu Project ◽  
The University

Nowadays, the Industry 4.0 concept affects every area of the industrial, economic, social and personal sectors. The most significant changings are the automation and the digitalization. This is also true for the material handling processes, where the handling systems use more and more automated machines; planning, operation and optimization of different logistic processes are based on many digital data collected from the material flow process. However, new methods and devices require new solutions which define new research directions. In this paper we describe the state of the art of the material handling researches and draw the role of the UMi-TWINN partner institutes in these fields. As a result of this H2020 EU project, scientific excellence of the University of Miskolc can be increased and new research activities will be started.

Tertiary English-majored Students’ Perceptions toward the Role of Pronunciation in English Language Learning and their Practicing Strategies

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-279
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
English Language ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
English Language Learning ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
The University

Accurate pronunciation has a vital role in English language learning as it can help learners to avoid misunderstanding in communication. However, EFL learners in many contexts, especially at the University of Phan Thiet, still encounter many difficulties in pronouncing English correctly. Therefore, this study endeavors to explore English-majored students’ perceptions towards the role of pronunciation in English language learning and examine their pronunciation practicing strategies (PPS). It involved 155 English-majored students at the University of Phan Thiet who answered closed-ended questionnaires and 18 English-majored students who participated in semi-structured interviews. The findings revealed that students strongly believed in the important role of pronunciation in English language learning; however, they sometimes employed PPS for their pronunciation improvement. Furthermore, the results showed that participants tended to use naturalistic practicing strategies and formal practicing strategies with sounds, but they overlooked strategies such as asking for help and cooperating with peers. Such findings could contribute further to the understanding of how students perceive the role of pronunciation and their PPS use in the research’s context and other similar ones. Received 10th June 2019; Revised 12th March 2020; Accepted 12th April 2020

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document