scholarly journals Lifestyle patterns associated with common mental disorders in Brazilian adolescents: Results of the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0261261
Author(s):  
Sara Araújo Silva ◽  
Ariene Silva do Carmo ◽  
Kênia Mara Baiocchi Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
The Third ◽  
High Consumption ◽  
Lifestyle Patterns

The association between lifestyle factors and mental health has been evaluated in isolation; however, there has been a lack of information about lifestyle patterns and Common Mental Disorders (CMD) in adolescents. Therefore, the present study aims to assess the association between sets of lifestyle patterns and the occurrence of CMD in Brazilian adolescents evaluated in a national school-based cross-sectional survey. The outcome variable considered was presence of CMD. Lifestyle patterns were identified from the Principal Component Analysis. Consumption of foods, water and alcoholic beverages, sleep, physical activity, and smoking were used to identify patterns as explanatory variables. Sociodemographic characteristics, administrative dependence of the school and, nutritional status, were considered adjustment factors in the regression model. A total of 70,427 adolescents were evaluated. The principal component analysis identified three lifestyle patterns: high consumption of ultra-processed foods and low consumption of unprocessed or minimally processed foods (pattern 1); high consumption of alcoholic beverages and tobacco in the last 30 days (pattern 2); and high consumption of water and high level of physical activity (pattern 3). In the adjusted model, in patterns 1 and 2, the third tertile presented greater chance of CMD (OR 1.68; CI 95% 1.51–1.87 and OR 1.38; CI 95% 1.19–1.60, respectively). In pattern 3, the second (OR 0.88; CI 95% 0.80–0.96) and the third (OR 0.80; CI 95% 0.72–0.88) tertiles presented lower chances of CMD among the adolescents evaluated. Therefore, we suggest that health-promoting practices aimed at adolescents include multiple behaviors, with the objective of ensuring physical, mental, and social well-being.

PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATION MANUFACTURER DISCRIMINATION BY INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY AND PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS

2019 ◽  
pp. 7-15
Author(s):  
E.M. Basova ◽  
Yu.N. Litvinenko ◽  
N.А. Polotnyanko
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Ir Spectroscopy ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients ◽  
Pharmaceutical Ingredients ◽  
The Third ◽  
Chemometric Technique ◽  
Tablet Formulations

In the present work Fournier transform infrared (IR) spectroscopy in association with chemometric technique was employed to identify kind of tablet formulations containing paracetamol and/or caffeine as active pharmaceutical ingredients. 13 samples of 5 commercially available brand tablets of different manufacturers and batches were bayed in local pharmacies. IR spectra of samples were recorded in the range 600—4000 cm-1 and subjected to and principal component analysis (PCA) which allowed to clearly identify 5 clusters in the scores plot using the third and the second principal components, corresponding to the brands of tablets. For Paracetamol and Caffeine-sodium benzoate tablets the combination of IR spectroscopy and PCA was able to recognize the manufacturer on the basis of distance between samples in clusters in the PCA scores plot.

Αξιολόγηση θρέψης σε υγιείς μετεμμηνοπαυσιακές Ελληνίδες

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Χρήστος Παπαβαγγέλης
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
International Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽  
Activity Questionnaire

Εισαγωγή: Η εμμηνόπαυση θέτει τις γυναίκες σε υψηλό κίνδυνο εμφάνισης χρόνιων νοσημάτων, όπως παχυσαρκία και καρδιαγγειακά νοσήματα. Παρόλα αυτά, εξαιρετικά λίγες μελέτες έχουν διεξαχθεί σε πληθυσμό μετεμμηνοπαυσιακών γυναικών με σκοπό την εκτίμηση της επίδρασης της διατροφής σε δομικούς και λειτουργικούς δείκτες αγγειακής λειτουργίας. Σκοπός: Κύριο σκοπό της παρούσας διατριβής αποτέλεσε η αξιολόγηση των διατροφικών συνηθειών μιας ομάδας υγιών μετεμμηνοπαυσιακών γυναικών. Παράλληλα, η διερεύνηση της υπάρχουσας σχέσης μεταξύ του Μεσογειακού τρόπου ζωής και της έκβασης δομικών και λειτουργικών αρτηριακών δεικτών σε υπο-ομάδα γυναικών αποτέλεσε επιπρόσθετο στόχο. Μεθοδολογία: Δείγμα της μελέτης αποτέλεσαν 638 γυναίκες που προσήλθαν στο εξωτερικό ιατρείο Κλιμακτηρίου και Εμμηνόπαυσης του Αρεταίειου Νοσοκομείου Αθηνών. Κριτήρια ένταξης ήταν η ύπαρξη εμμηνόπαυσης, δηλαδή απουσία έμμηνου ρύσεως για τουλάχιστον 12 συνεχόμενους μήνες και επίπεδα FSH >25 mIU/mL και οιστραδιόλης <50 pg/mL. Καταγράφηκαν τα δημογραφικά χαρακτηριστικά και το ιατρικό και γυναικολογικό ιστορικό των γυναικών. Επίσης, πραγματοποιήθηκε αξιολόγηση της σωματικής δραστηριότητας μέσω του International Physical Activity Questionnaire και διατροφική αξιολόγηση μέσω έγκυρου ερωτηματολογίου συχνότητας κατανάλωσης τροφίμων και υπολογίστηκε η προσκόλληση στη μεσογειακή δίαιτα μέσω του δείκτη MedDietScore. Τέλος, μετρήθηκαν ανθρωπομετρικά χαρακτηριστικά, πραγματοποιήθηκε κλινική εξέταση και αξιολογήθηκαν βιοχημικοί και ορμονικοί δείκτες. Αποτελέσματα: Η μέση ηλικία του δείγματος ήταν 57,7 ±7,6 έτη, ενώ ο ΔΜΣ ήταν 27,9 ± 5,0 kg/m2. Η μέση προσκόλληση στη μεσογειακή δίαιτα των συμμετεχουσών, σύμφωνα με το MedDietScore ήταν 36,1 ±4,7. Από την εφαρμογή πολλαπλής λογιστικής παλινδρόμησης παρατηρήθηκε ότι η Μεσογειακή δίαιτα σχετίστηκε αρνητικά με το ΔΜΣ και την περιφέρεια μέσης των γυναικών του δείγματος, μετά από προσαρμογή για συγχυτικούς παράγοντες. Ειδικότερα, οι γυναίκες υψηλής και μέτριας προσκόλλησης στη Μεσογειακή δίαιτα είχαν σημαντικά χαμηλότερους δείκτες παχυσαρκίας, υψηλότερο επίπεδο φυσικής δραστηριότητας και υψηλότερο μορφωτικό επίπεδο, σε σύγκριση με τις γυναίκες χαμηλής προσκόλλησης στο συγκεκριμένο διαιτητικό πρότυπο. Παράλληλα, μετά την εφαρμογή της Principal Component Analysis σε υπο-ομάδα 481 γυναικών του δείγματος δημιουργήθηκαν 8 διατροφικά πρότυπα, εκ των οποίων ένα διατροφικό πρότυπο πλούσιο σε διαιτητικές ίνες και σύνθετους υδατάνθρακες σχετίστηκε αρνητικά με το ΔΜΣ και την περιφέρεια μέσης των γυναικών, ενώ ένα ανθυγιεινό διατροφικό πρότυπο σχετίστηκε θετικά με το ΔΜΣ και την περιφέρεια μέσης των γυναικών, μετά την προσαρμογή για συγχυτικούς παράγοντες. Αναφορικά με την αγγειακή λειτουργία, παρατηρήθηκε σημαντική αρνητική συσχέτιση μεταξύ της ταχύτητας σφυγμικού κύματος αρτηρίας και της κατανάλωσης ροφημάτων καφέ/τσαγιού (r=-0.233, p<0.001). Ακόμη, παρατηρήθηκε θετική συσχέτιση μεταξύ του πάχους κοινής καρωτίδας και της κατανάλωσης επεξεργασμένων δημητριακών (r=0.116, p=0.04). Έπειτα από πολλαπλή γραμμική παλλινδρόμηση, η κατανάλωση ξηρών καρπών και ροφημάτων καφέ/τσαγιού σχετίστηκαν σημαντικά αρνητικά με το πάχος κοινής καρωτίδας (b-coefficient=-0.018, p=0.05) και την ταχύτητα σφυγμικού κύματος (b-coefficient= -0.327, p=0.002), αντίστοιχα. Ενώ, η κατανάλωση πατάτας σχετίστηκε σημαντικά θετικά με το πάχος κοινής καρωτίδας (b-coefficient=0.106, p<0.001). Συμπεράσματα: Η ύπαρξη διαφορετικών διατροφικών προτύπων σχετίστηκε, θετικά ή αρνητικά, με το σωματικό βάρος και την περιφέρεια μέσης στις μετεμμηνοπαυσιακές γυναίκες. Ειδικότερα, παρατηρήθηκε προστατευτική δράση της Μεσογειακής δίαιτας στους δείκτες παχυσαρκίας και η ύπαρξη σημαντικής συσχέτισης μεταξύ ορισμένων διατροφικών συνηθειών και δεικτών αγγειακής λειτουργίας

scholarly journals Worldwide dietary patterns and their association with socioeconomic data: an ecological exploratory study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Gonçalves da Costa ◽  
Bruno Francisco Teixeira Simões ◽  
Alessandra da Silva Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
Food Availability ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Socioeconomic Data

Objective: To identify dietary patterns in food availability data at the global level using multivariate statistical methodology, to associate the identified dietary patterns with socioeconomic data and to analyze the adequacy of the applied statistical methods in data of food availability. Methods: Principal Component Analysis was applied to food availability data of 172 UN registered countries available at FAOSTAT database in Food Balance Sheets section. The Principal Components were correlated with socioeconomic data available from the World Bank database. Results: Five principal components were identified, each characterizing a dietary pattern. The first one, a westernized dietary pattern, was composed of energy-dense and processed foods, foods of animal origin, alcoholic beverages, but also, albeit less, by vegetables, fruits and nuts, being correlated with income, urbanization and trade liberalization. This westernized pattern was characterized more by western, animal origin and processed foods, yet preserving unprocessed and regional foods. The other dietary patterns were three agricultural patterns characterized more by regional foods, especially starchy staples, and one coastal dietary pattern composed of fish and seafoods, being associated with GINI index, poverty, and female labor force. Conclusions: Principal Component Analysis was adequate to identify dietary patterns in food availability data. A westernized dietary pattern was identified, being associated with income, urbanization and trade liberalization. This association did not occur for the remain of the dietary patterns identified, these being less driven by economic development.

Work-directed rehabilitation or physical activity to support work ability and mental health in common mental disorders: a pilot randomized controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Danielsson ◽  
Margda Waern ◽  
Gunnel Hensing ◽  
Kristina Holmgren
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Work Ability ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Work Ability Index ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Ability Index ◽  
Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

Objective: To evaluate feasibility and potential effectiveness of work-directed rehabilitation in people with common mental disorders. Design: Pilot randomized controlled trial. Setting: Primary healthcare, Sweden. Subjects: Working adults ( n = 42) of mean age 46.2 ± 11.1 years with depression or anxiety disorder. Interventions: Eight weeks of work-directed rehabilitation ( n = 21) or physical activity ( n = 21). Work-directed rehabilitation included sessions with a physiotherapist and/or an occupational therapist, to develop strategies to cope better at work. Physical activity included a planning session and access to a local gym. Main measures: Feasibility: attendance, discontinuation and adverse events. Measurements were the Work Ability Index, the Global Assessment of Functioning, the Montgomery–Asberg Depression Rating Scale, the Beck Anxiety Inventory and the World Health Organization—Five Well-Being Index. Results: Attendance to rehabilitation sessions was 88% ( n = 147/167) and discontinuation rate was 14% ( n = 3/21). No serious adverse events were reported. Within both groups, there was a significant improvement in Work Ability Index score (mean change: 3.6 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.45, 6.7) in work-directed rehabilitation and 3.9 (95% CI: 0.9, 7.0) in physical activity) with no significant difference between groups. For the other outcomes, significant improvements were found within but not between groups. Per-protocol analysis showed a trend toward the antidepressant effect of work-directed rehabilitation compared to physical activity (mean difference in depression score −3.1 (95% CI: −6.8, 0.4), P = 0.075). Conclusion: Work-directed rehabilitation was feasible to persons with common mental disorders and improved their work ability and mental health. Comparable improvements were seen in the physical activity group. Suggested modifications for a larger trial include adding a treatment-as-usual control.

Principal Component Analysis of Accelerometer-Assessed Daily Physical Activity and Inactivity Among Adults

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 539
Author(s):  
James J. McClain ◽  
Richard P. Troiano ◽  
David Berrigan ◽  
Robert J. Brychta ◽  
Annemarie Koster
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Daily Physical Activity

scholarly journals Methodological considerations for measuring spontaneous physical activity in rodents

2014 ◽  
Vol 306 (10) ◽  
pp. R714-R721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Teske ◽  
Claudio E. Perez-Leighton ◽  
Charles J. Billington ◽  
Catherine M. Kotz
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Sensory Stimulation ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Activity ◽  
Phenotypic Differences ◽  
Spontaneous Physical Activity ◽  
Methodological Considerations ◽  
Chamber Size

When exploring biological determinants of spontaneous physical activity (SPA), it is critical to consider whether methodological factors differentially affect rodents and the measured SPA. We determined whether acclimation time, sensory stimulation, vendor, or chamber size affected measures in rodents with varying propensity for SPA. We used principal component analysis to determine which SPA components (ambulatory and vertical counts, time in SPA, and distance traveled) best described the variability in SPA measurements. We compared radiotelemetry and infrared photobeams used to measure SPA and exploratory activity. Acclimation time, sensory stimulation, vendor, and chamber size independently influenced SPA, and the effect was moderated by the propensity for SPA. A 24-h acclimation period prior to SPA measurement was sufficient for habituation. Principal component analysis showed that ambulatory and vertical measurements of SPA describe different dimensions of the rodent's SPA behavior. Smaller testing chambers and a sensory attenuation cubicle around the chamber reduced SPA. SPA varies between rodents purchased from different vendors. Radiotelemetry and infrared photobeams differ in their sensitivity to detect phenotypic differences in SPA and exploratory activity. These data highlight methodological considerations in rodent SPA measurement and a need to standardize SPA methodology.

scholarly journals Poor physical activity as a risk factor for mental health disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
B Stubbs
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Adjunctive Treatment

Abstract Rates of common mental disorders appear to be increasing among both adolescent and adult population affecting life quality and expectancy. Availability of the treatments il limited to a large portion of the global population thus new approaches toward the prevention and treatment of mental illnesses need to emerge in order to reduce the global and growing burden of these conditions. A great body of evidence has linked both the onset and symptoms of various mental disorders to lifestyle factors such as physical activity and diet. Given their modifiable nature, there has been an increasing interest in the implementation of physical activity in the prevention and adjunctive treatment among people with mental illnesses. Robust evidence indicates that physical activity may in fact, by influencing a range of biological and psychosocial processes, contribute to healthy aging, improve sleep and preserve cognition across the lifespan as well as affect associated with mental disorders serious physical health comorbidities including cardiovascular disease, metabolic risk factors such as adiposity and premature mortality. The plausible effects of physical activity toward mental health may be at least partially explained by its potential in modulating hippocampal neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity. Finally, higher levels of physical activity have been consistently associated with a reduced risk of both affective and cognitive disorders.

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