scholarly journals Identification of starch candidate genes using SLAF-seq and BSA strategies and development of related SNP-CAPS markers in tetraploid potato

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0261403
Author(s):  
Jiaqi Li ◽  
Xiaoxia Yu ◽  
Sheng Zhang ◽  
Zhuo Yu ◽  
Jingwei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Potato Starch ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Local Alignment ◽  
Gene Markers ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Tetraploid Potato ◽  
High Starch Content ◽  
High Starch ◽  
Caps Markers

Potato starch is an essential nutrient for humans and is widely used worldwide. Locating relevant genomic regions, mining stable genes and developing candidate gene markers can promote the breeding of new high-starch potato varieties. A total of 106 F1 individuals and their parents (YSP-4 × MIN-021) were used as test materials, from which 20 plants with high starch content and 20 with low starch content were selected to construct DNA pools for site-specific amplified fragment sequencing (SLAF-seq) and bulked segregation analysis (BSA). A genomic region related to the starch traits was first identified in the 0–5.62 Mb of chromosome 2 in tetraploid potato. In this section, a total of 41 non-synonymous genes, which were considered as candidate genes related to the starch trait, were annotated through a basic local alignment search tool (BLAST) search of multiple databases. Six candidate genes for starch (PGSC0003DMG400017793, PGSC0003DMG400035245, PGSC0003DMG400036713, PGSC0003DMG400040452, PGSC0003DMG400006636 and PGSC0003DMG400044547) were further explored. In addition, cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) markers were developed based on single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites associated with the starch candidate genes. SNP-CAPS markers chr2-CAPS6 and chr2-CAPS21 were successfully developed and validated with the F2 population and 24 tetraploid potato varieties (lines). Functional analysis and cloning of the candidate genes associated with potato starch will be performed in further research, and the SNP-CAPS markers chr2-CAPS6 and chr2-CAPS21 can be further used in marker-assisted selection breeding of tetraploid potato varieties with high starch content.

scholarly journals The collection of potato varieties as a reserve of source material for breeding for high yield, earliness, and resistance to diseases and pests

2020 ◽  
Vol 181 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
L. I. Kostina ◽  
O. S. Kosareva ◽  
E. V. Truskinov ◽  
T. V. Kirpicheva
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Source Material ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Colorado Beetle ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
High Starch Content ◽  
Leptinotarsa Decemlineata Say ◽  
High Starch

Background. Information is provided about the results obtained by screening the VIR collection of improved potato varieties for main commercial traits: earliness, high yield, high starch content, and resistance to late blight (Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary), viruses, and pests, such as cyst nematode (Globodera rostochiensis Woll. (Ro1)), and Colorado beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say).Materials and methods. Potato accessions representing domestic and foreign varieties from the VIR collection served as the material for this research. The screening was performed according to the techniques developed at the Potato Genetic Resources Department of VIR.Results and conclusion. Potato varieties with valuable commercial traits were identified as breeding sources promising for earliness: ‘Bashkirskiy’ (k-25338), ‘Charoit’ (k-25221), ‘Colleen’ (k-25224), ‘Lagun’ (k-25294), etc.; for high yield: ‘Ametist’ (k-25336), ‘Banba’ (k-25222), ‘Bastion’ (k-25198), ‘Nur-Alem’ (k-25253), ‘Senim’ (k-25306), etc.; for high starch content: ‘Charaўnik’ (k-25139), ‘Darnitsa’ (k-25179), ‘Lad’ (k-25180), ‘Maksimum’ (k-25136), etc.; for resistance to late blight: local variety (Georgia) (k-25298, k-25326), ‘Sunkar’ (k-25258), ‘Udovitskiy’ (k-25260), ‘Vektor’ (k-25200), ‘Zvezdochka’ (k-25209); for resistance to viruses: ‘Azart’ (k-25196), Gala (k-25270), ‘Nadezhda’ (k-25213), Utro (k-25219), ‘Volat’ (k-25263), etc. Varieties combining resistance to gold potato cyst nematode with other valuable commercial traits were selected. Varieties with relative resistance to Colorado potato beetle were isolated under favorable conditions for the pest’s development. As a result of the research, new source material was identified, with a potential to improve major commercial traits of potato: earliness, high yield, high starch content, resistance to late blight, viruses, and pests (cyst nematode and Colorado beetle).

RNA Sequence Analysis of Cassava Varieties with High-Starch Content Using De Novo Assembly

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 517-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-Jing Guo ◽  
Xing-Lu Luo ◽  
Mao-Gui Wei ◽  
Zhao-Liang Liu ◽  
Wu-Jing Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
De Novo Assembly ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Rna Sequence ◽  
High Starch Content ◽  
High Starch ◽  
Cassava Varieties

scholarly journals Continuous Blown Film Preparation of High Starch Content Composite Films with High Ultraviolet Aging Resistance and Excellent Mechanical Properties

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 3813
Author(s):  
Bowen Lin ◽  
Chengqiang Li ◽  
Fangping Chen ◽  
Changsheng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Oh Groups ◽  
Longitudinal Tensile Strength ◽  
High Starch Content ◽  
Aging Resistance ◽  
High Starch ◽  
Ultraviolet Aging

Starch/PBAT blown films with high ultraviolet aging resistance and excellent mechanical properties were prepared by introducing lignin with polyurethane prepolymer (PUP) as a starch modifier and physical compatibilizer and 4,4′–methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) as a crosslinker. Starch was modified by reacting the NCO groups of the PUP with the OH groups of the starch to form a carbamate bond. The mechanical properties, hydrophobic properties, ultraviolet barrier, ultraviolet aging properties and microscopic morphology of starch/PBAT films with different contents of lignin were investigated. The results showed that the starch/PBAT films were blown continuously. The addition of lignin did not decrease the mechanical properties. On the contrary, the film with 1% lignin possessed the excellent mechanical properties with longitudinal tensile strength of 15.87 MPa and the elongation at a break of 602.21%. In addition, the higher the lignin content, the better the UV blocking effect. The introduction of lignin did not affect the crystalline properties but improved the hydrophilic properties and sealing strength of the high starch content composite films.

scholarly journals Screening of Soybean Germplasm with High Starch Content

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung Cheol Koo ◽  
Myeong Gi Jeon ◽  
Young Hoon Lee ◽  
Hyun-Young Kim ◽  
Beom Kyu Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Starch Content ◽  
Soybean Germplasm ◽  
High Starch Content ◽  
High Starch

Prospects for the utilisation of cocoyam corm meal in poultry feeding

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 603
Author(s):  
S. S. Diarra
Keyword(s):  
Starch Content ◽  
Antinutritional Factors ◽  
Feed Processing ◽  
Nutritional Profile ◽  
Diet Formulation ◽  
High Starch Content ◽  
High Starch ◽  
Poultry Feeding ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
The Cost

Context The increasing demand for maize for human food and industrial uses has stimulated research interest into alternative low value crops as energy sources for poultry. Several high yielding species of aroids, commonly known as taro or cocoyam, are currently in less demand for food or industrial uses and readily available for poultry feeding. Aims To review the production, nutritional profile and antinutritional factor and current uses of cocoyam corm and the effect of processing on its utilisation in poultry feeding. Key findings The nutritional profile of cocoyam with protein content comparable or higher than maize, high starch content and starch digestibility make it a suitable energy ingredient for poultry. The major issues affecting the utilisation of cocoyam include the high moisture and low dry matter contents and the presence of antinutritional factors, mainly calcium oxalate. These constraints may preclude the utilisation of cocoyam corm in commercial diets but it could be used to reduce the cost of production on small-holder farms. Conclusion With adequate processing and proper diet formulation, cocoyam corm meal may be fed up to 280 g/kg diet but unprocessed meal may exert adverse effects on poultry performance even as low as 44 g/kg. Several animal factors including age, species and type of bird (meat or egg) affect the utilisation of cocoyam corm meal by poultry. Implications Reduction of cost of animal protein production and value addition to underutilised aroids. More research is needed into animal factors and feed processing that would allow optimum utilisation of the corm by poultry.

Vessel wall vibrations: trigger for embolism repair?

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastiano Salleo ◽  
Patrizia Trifilò ◽  
Maria Assunta Lo Gullo
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Waves ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Physical Nature ◽  
Xylem Embolism ◽  
Cell Membrane Integrity ◽  
Primary Signal ◽  
High Starch Content ◽  
High Starch ◽  
Conduit Wall

Xylem embolism repair is preceded by starch depolymerisation in vessel-associated cells (VAC) of Laurus nobilis L. (laurel) twigs, but the primary signal triggering such a process is still unknown. We tested the hypothesis that conduit wall vibrations during cavitation may be sensed by VAC inducing starch-to-sugar conversion. Twigs of laurel from watered or stressed plants were exposed to ultrasound for 60 min to simulate acoustic waves emitted by cavitating conduits. Preliminary tests showed that ultrasound caused no damage to cell membrane integrity nor did they cause xylem embolism. The number of VAC with high starch content (HSC-cells) was estimated microscopically by counting the cells with more than 50% of their lumen filled with starch granules. Sonication had no effect on HSC-cells in twigs from watered plants while it induced a drop in the percentage HSC-cells from 80 to 40% in twigs from stressed plants, at the ultrasound source location. No effect was recorded in these twigs 20 mm from the ultrasound source. Sonication was a good simulator of cavitation in inducing starch depolymerisation which suggests a possible bio- physical nature for the signal initiating embolism repair.

scholarly journals The effect of patterns of rumen fermentation on the response by dairy cows to dietary protein concentration

1990 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Lees ◽  
J. D. Oldham ◽  
W. Haresign ◽  
P. C. Garnsworthy
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Lactation Performance ◽  
Protein Nitrogen ◽  
High Starch Content ◽  
High Fibre ◽  
High Starch ◽  
Protein Supply

Four groups of seven dairy cows were given hay plus high-fibre concentrates based on sugar-beet feed (hay-concentrate, 40:60 w/w) or high-starch concentrates based on flaked maize (hay-concentrate, 20:80 w/w), with a crude protein (nitrogen x 6.25) content of either 160 or 220 g/kg dry matter, over weeks 4–18 of lactation. Performance during week 3 of lactation, when all cows were fed on a standard ration, was used as a covariate. For diets with a high-fibre content, higher protein concentrations led to increases in yields of milk and milk fat, with no effect on live-weight loss. For diets with a high-starch content, higher protein concentrations did not affect milk yield or composition but resulted in an increase in live weight rather than a decrease. Diets with a high-starch content led to increased proportions of propionic acid in the rumen and increased concentrations of insulin in the blood. It is concluded that the source of carbohydrate needs to be taken into account when predicting the response to protein supply by dairy cows.

Effects of compound emulsifiers on properties of wood adhesive with high starch content

2017 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 92-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Cheng ◽  
Hainan Guo ◽  
Zhengbiao Gu ◽  
Zhaofeng Li ◽  
Yan Hong
Keyword(s):  
Starch Content ◽  
Wood Adhesive ◽  
High Starch Content ◽  
High Starch
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