Family Hardiness and Social Support as Predictors of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

2004 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandar A. Jovanovic ◽  
Branimir V. Aleksandric ◽  
Dusan Dunjic ◽  
Vladimir S. Todorovic
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Family Hardiness ◽  
Post Traumatic

scholarly journals Exploring the impact of COVID-19 and restrictions to daily living as a result of social distancing within veterans with pre-existing mental health difficulties

2020 ◽  
pp. bmjmilitary-2020-001622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic Murphy ◽  
C Williamson ◽  
J Baumann ◽  
W Busuttil ◽  
N T Fear
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Mental Health Difficulties ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Impact

IntroductionData are emerging showing the adverse consequences on mental health of the general public due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Little is known about the needs of veterans with pre-existing mental health difficulties during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsData were collected through a cross-sectional online survey from a randomly selected sample (n=1092) of military veterans who have sought help for mental health difficulties from a veteran-specific UK-based charity. The response rate was 25.2% (n=275). Participants were asked to complete a range of standardised mental health outcomes (post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD): Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist, common mental health difficulties (CMDs): 12-Item General Health Questionnaire, difficulties with anger: 5-Item Dimensions of Anger Reactions—Revised and alcohol misuse: Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test) and endorse a list of potential stressors related to changes to daily life resulting from COVID-19. Regression analyses were fitted to explore predictors of mental health severity.ResultsIt was observed that symptoms of common mental disorder and PTSD (69.3% and 65.0%, respectively) were the most commonly reported to have been exacerbated by the pandemic. Lack of social support and reporting increasing numbers of stressors related to COVID-19 were consistently associated with increasing severity of a range of mental health difficulties.ConclusionsOur findings suggest veterans who had pre-existing mental health difficulties prior to the outbreak of COVID-19 may be at increased risk of experiencing CMDs as a result of the pandemic. Intervening to improve levels of social support and offering practical guidance to better manage any additional stressors relating to the pandemic may provide strategies to help reduce the burden of mental health symptoms.

scholarly journals Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Job Stress among Firefighters of Urban Japan

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuaki Saijo ◽  
Takeji Ueno ◽  
Yoshihiro Hashimoto
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Job Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Role Ambiguity ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Group Conflict ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic

AbstractIntroduction: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common condition among Japanese firefighters. The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship of PTSD scores to job stress, social support, and depressive stress among Japanese firefighters.Methods: A total of 1,667 Japanese firefighters working for the local government completed a questionnaire that was used to gather information pertaining to age, gender, job type, job class, marital status, and smoking and drinking habits. Questionnaires from the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), the Japanese version of the U.S. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Generic Job Stress Questionnaire, and the IES-R were also used.Results: After adjustment for age and gender, subjects in the PTSD-positive group had significantly higher scores for inter-group conflict, role ambiguity, and CES-D, as well as significantly lower scores for social support from their supervisors compared to those in the PTSD-negative group.Conclusions: High inter-group conflict and role ambiguity, as well as low social support from supervisors and the presence of depressive symptoms, may influence the development of PTSD among Japanese firefighters.

scholarly journals Psychological rehabilitation of participants of anti-terrorist operation: mechanism of supply

HUMANITARIUM ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 168-178
Author(s):  
Yulianna Yasenchuk
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Stress Disorders ◽  
Rehabilitation Services ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Impact

The article outlines the main aspects of provision of rehabilitation services for servicemen and participants in the antiterrorist operation. The concept of psychological rehabilitation in the context of a systematic approach is considered in details and its main features are formed. Special attention is paid to the study of previous work, to the mechanism of providing rehabilitation services to all servicemen. In the context of the current tasks, the legal base on this issue, the approved and priority initiatives was investigated. The most frequent distribution among the demobilized soldiers of antiterrorist operation is occupied by people with the main characteristics of post-traumatic stress disorder. The percentage correlation with such features in 2015-2017 was investigated and the main aspects of the mechanism of ensuring the full maintenance of social support were formed.Military actions and the conduct of the antiterrorist operation led to increase in the number of psychological stress disorders among the military. In the course of work we managed to find out that since the beginning of the antiterrorist operation and to date, the system of psychological rehabilitation of the military is gradually improving, but the question remains its effective functioning and compliance with world standards.After returning to a peaceful life, soldiers should be involved in rehabilitation activities and receive comprehensive complex rehabilitation in accordance with individual programs.The question was also raised on the issue of soldiers with post-traumatic stress, who had undergone rehabilitation and rehabilitation and required long-term social support. The most effective in reducing the impact of post-traumatic stress disorder is the integration of the soldiers’ negative experience in order to use it for personal growth, self-development, self-realization.

scholarly journals Risk and protective factors for the course of post-traumatic stress disorder in frontline workers after the Christchurch, New Zealand earthquake

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
David McBride ◽  
Nancy Porter ◽  
Kirsten Lovelock ◽  
Daniel Shepherd ◽  
Maria Zubizaretta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Over Time

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to describe risk and protective factors for symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) experienced over a 1.5-year period among both frontline and “non-traditional” responders to the 2010 and 2011 earthquakes in Christchurch, New Zealand. Design/methodology/approach A longitudinal survey administered to Christchurch workers with referents from the city of Hamilton at 6, 12 and 18 months after the 2011 earthquake. Potential risk and protective determinants were assessed by questionnaire items at baseline and over time, the outcome being PTSD as assessed by the PTSD Checklist-Civilian version. A longitudinal latent class analysis identified groups with similar trajectories of PTSD. Findings A total of 226 individuals, 140 (26 per cent) from Christchurch and 86 (16 per cent) from Hamilton, participated at baseline, 180 at 12 and 123 at 18 months, non-traditional responders forming the largest single group. Two latent classes emerged, with PTSD (21 per cent) and without PTSD (79 per cent), with little change over the 18-month period. Class membership was predicted by high scores in the Social Support and Impact of Events scale items, Health-related Quality of Life scores being protective. PTSD scores indicative of distress were found in females, and predicted by burnout risk, behavioural disengagement and venting. Practical implications Non-traditional responders should be screened for PTSD. Social support should be considered with the promotion of adaptive coping mechanisms. Originality/value The strength was longitudinal follow-up over an 18-month period, with demonstration of how the potential determinants influenced the course of PTSD over time.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Prolonged Exposure Therapy on Social Support and Severity of Symptoms in the Patients with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Foroghi ◽  
Fatemeh Rezaei ◽  
Fazlolah Mirderikvand
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Exposure Therapy ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Prolonged Exposure Therapy ◽  
Post Traumatic

Introduction: Posttraumatic stress disorder is a set of clinical symptoms that occurs following exposure to life-threatening events, and affects a variety of psychological variables. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of prolonged exposure therapy on social support and the severity of symptoms in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with pretest, post-test and a two-month follow-up design and a control group. Using stratified sampling method, 30 patients (15 subjects in each group) with post-traumatic stress disorder referred to Farabi Psychiatric Clinic in Kermanshah City selected and they were randomly assigned. The Mean age of the sample group was 31.9.The study inclusion criteria was having PTSD based on clinical interview. The study exclusion criteria included having psychosis symptoms, drug addiction. The data were collected by structured clinical interview (SCID-I), social support scale (MOS), and the fifth edition of the post-traumatic stress disorder index (PCL-5). Data were analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA test. Results: The results showed that prolonged exposure therapy was significantly effective in increasing social support (F=2/66, P<0/01) and reducing the severity of symptoms (F=42/19, P<0/01) among the patients with post-traumatic stress disorder. Conclusion: These results indicate that prolonged exposure therapy can alleviate the symptoms of the patients with post-traumatic stress disorder.

scholarly journals Lack of perceived social support among immigrants after a disaster: comparative study

2011 ◽  
Vol 198 (4) ◽  
pp. 317-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annelieke N. Drogendijk ◽  
Peter G. van der Velden ◽  
Berthold P. R. Gersons ◽  
Rolf J. Kleber
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Victim Status ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Post Disaster

BackgroundDisaster research suggests that immigrant groups who are affected by a disaster receive less emotional support than their native counterparts. However, it is unclear to what extent these differences can be attributed to post-disaster mental health problems or whether they were present before the event.AimsTo examine the association between lack of social support, immigration status and victim status, as well as differences in support between immigrants and Dutch natives with disaster-related post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).MethodSocial support and psychological distress were assessed among immigrants and Dutch natives, among affected and non-affected individuals 4 years post disaster. Post-traumatic stress disorder was examined in the affected groups.ResultsAffected immigrants more often lacked various kinds of perceived social support compared with affected Dutch natives. Remarkably, we found no differences in support between affected immigrants and non-affected immigrants. Immigrants with PTSD differ on only two out of six aspects of support from the Dutch natives with PTSD.ConclusionsResults clearly indicate that differences in support between immigrants and Dutch natives are not so much a consequence of the disaster but were largely present before the disaster.

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