Studying Bacterial Adhesion in the Urinary Tract

2003 ◽  
pp. 515-525
Author(s):  
James A. Roberts ◽  
M. Bernice Kaack
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion

scholarly journals Role of Capsular Colanic Acid in Adhesion of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli

2003 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 4474-4481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Hanna ◽  
Michael Berg ◽  
Valerie Stout ◽  
Anneta Razatos
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Specific Binding ◽  
Binding Interactions ◽  
Colanic Acid ◽  
Mutant Strains ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Repulsive Forces

ABSTRACT Urinary tract infections are the most common urologic disease in the United States and one of the most common bacterial infections of any organ system. Biofilms persist in the urinary tract and on catheter surfaces because biofilm microorganisms are resistant to host defense mechanisms and antibiotic therapy. The first step in the establishment of biofilm infections is bacterial adhesion; preventing bacterial adhesion represents a promising method of controlling biofilms. Evidence suggests that capsular polysaccharides play a role in adhesion and pathogenicity. This study focuses on the role of physiochemical and specific binding interactions during adhesion of colanic acid exopolysaccharide mutant strains. Bacterial adhesion was evaluated for isogenic uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains that differed in colanic acid expression. The atomic force microscope (AFM) was used to directly measure the reversible physiochemical and specific binding interactions between bacterial strains and various substrates as bacteria initially approach the interface. AFM results indicate that electrostatic interactions were not solely responsible for the repulsive forces between the colanic acid mutant strains and hydrophilic substrates. Moreover, hydrophobic interactions were not found to play a significant role in adhesion of the colanic acid mutant strains. Adhesion was also evaluated by parallel-plate flow cell studies in comparison to AFM force measurements to demonstrate that prolonged incubation times alter bacterial adhesion. Results from this study demonstrate that the capsular polysaccharide colanic acid does not enhance bacterial adhesion but rather blocks the establishment of specific binding as well as time-dependent interactions between uropathogenic E. coli and inert substrates.

Host defense within the urinary tract. I. Bacterial adhesion initiates an uroepithelial defense mechanism

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 568-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Mannhardt ◽  
A. Becker ◽  
M. Putzer ◽  
M. Bork ◽  
F. Zepp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Host Defense ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Defense Mechanism

scholarly journals Comparison of the Anti-Adhesion Activity of Three Different Cranberry Extracts on Uropathogenic P-fimbriated Escherichia coli: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo Controlled, Ex Vivo, Acute Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1501000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Howell ◽  
Dan Souza ◽  
Marc Roller ◽  
Emilie Fromentin
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Initial Step ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Acute Study ◽  
Adhesion Activity

Research suggests that cranberry ( Vaccinium macrocarpon) helps maintain urinary tract health. Bacterial adhesion to the uroepithelium is the initial step in the progression to development of a urinary tract infection. The bacterial anti-adhesion activity of cranberry proanthocyanidins (PACs) has been demonstrated in vitro. Three different cranberry extracts were developed containing a standardized level of 36 mg of PACs. This randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled, ex vivo, acute study was designed to compare the anti-adhesion activity exhibited by human urine following consumption of three different cranberry extracts on uropathogenic P-fimbriated Escherichia coli in healthy men and women. All three cranberry extracts significantly increased anti-adhesion activity in urine from 6 to 12 hours after intake of a single dose standardized to deliver 36 mg of PACs (as measured by the BL-DMAC method), versus placebo.

scholarly journals Research progress in urinary tract infection and its therapeutic drugs

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
Xiaoming Gu
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Small Molecule ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Therapeutic Drugs ◽  
Small Molecule Drugs ◽  
Tract Infections

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study was to understand the pathological mechanism and therapeutic progress in the study of urinary tract infections to provide references for clinical diagnosis and identification and development of therapeutic drugs.MethodsWe summarized the types, pathological mechanisms, and therapeutic drugs for urinary tract infections on the basis of recent publications on these infections, both domestic and abroad.Results and conclusionsUrinary tract infection is mainly caused by pathogenic bacterial infection and treated by targeting bacterial adhesion, bacterial toxin, protease, urease, and siderophores, as well as using pili as vaccines and small-molecule drugs. Vaccines that target bacterial adhesion can block well the interaction between pathogens and the body, thereby reducing the incidence of urinary tract infections. The clinical efficacy of vaccines targeting bacterial toxins and proteases needs further evaluation. Vaccines targeting iron carriers retard disease progression and attenuate bacterial colonization. Urease-targeted small-molecule drugs exhibit certain curative effects and serious side effects. Small pili-targeted drugs can prevent and treat urinary tract infections by blocking the colonization and invasion of pathogens in animal models of urinary tract infections on the bladder. Adhesive FimH antibodies have entered Phase I clinical trials. However, pilicides, mannosides, and vaccines that target pili, iron carriers, and other virulence factors are still in the experimental or preclinical stages of research.

scholarly journals Carbon Nanotube/Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Composite Materials to Reduce Bacterial Adhesion

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcia R. Vagos ◽  
Marisa Gomes ◽  
Joana M. R. Moreira ◽  
Olívia S. G. P. Soares ◽  
Manuel F. R. Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Electrical Conductance ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Flow Chamber ◽  
Parallel Plate Flow Chamber ◽  
Biomedical Field ◽  
Enhanced Properties ◽  
Pre Treatment

Different studies have shown that the incorporation of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) enables the production of composite materials with enhanced properties, which can find important applications in the biomedical field. In the present work, CNT/PDMS composite materials have been prepared to evaluate the effects of pristine and chemically functionalized CNT incorporation into PDMS on the composite’s thermal, electrical, and surface properties on bacterial adhesion in dynamic conditions. Initial bacterial adhesion was studied using a parallel-plate flow chamber assay performed in conditions prevailing in urinary tract devices (catheters and stents) using Escherichia coli as a model organism and PDMS as a control due to its relevance in these applications. The results indicated that the introduction of the CNTs in the PDMS matrix yielded, in general, less bacterial adhesion than the PDMS alone and that the reduction could be dependent on the surface chemistry of CNTs, with less adhesion obtained on the composites with pristine rather than functionalized CNTs. It was also shown CNT pre-treatment and incorporation by different methods affected the electrical properties of the composites when compared to PDMS. Composites enabling a 60% reduction in cell adhesion were obtained by CNT treatment by ball-milling, whereas an increase in electrical conductivity of seven orders of magnitude was obtained after solvent-mediated incorporation. The results suggest even at low CNT loading values (1%), these treatments may be beneficial for the production of CNT composites with application in biomedical devices for the urinary tract and for other applications where electrical conductance is required.

Recent progress in the understanding of the role of bacterial adhesion in the pathogenesis of urinary tract infection

Infection ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 327-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catharina Svanborg Edén ◽  
L. Hagberg ◽  
H. Lomberg ◽  
H. Leffler
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Recent Progress

Aqueous Root Extract from Ononis spinosa Exerts Anti-adhesive Activity against Uropathogenic Escherichia coli

Planta Medica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (04) ◽  
pp. 247-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie Deipenbrock ◽  
Jandirk Sendker ◽  
Andreas Hensel
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
E Coli ◽  
T24 Cells ◽  
Bladder Cells ◽  
Tract Infections

AbstractExtracts from Ononis spinosa are traditionally used for urinary tract infections due to diuretic and anti-inflammatory activity. A potential influence on the virulence of uropathogenic Escherichia coli has not been investigated until now. The following study aimed to investigate the influence of an aqueous O. spinosa extract on uropathogenic E. coli and uropathogenic E. coli host cell interaction. A hot water extract from the roots of O. spinosa (O. spinosa extract) was characterized by LC-qTOF-MS. The influence of O. spinosa extract on the proliferation of uropathogenic E. coli UTI89 and on cell viability against human T24 bladder cells was investigated. Anti-adhesive activity of O. spinosa extract was assessed by flow cytometry, evaluating the adhesion of fluorescent-labelled UTI89 to T24 bladder cells. Internalization of uropathogenic E. coli into T24 cells was monitored by an invasion assay. O. spinosa extract was characterized by the presence of isoflavones, isoflavanones, licoagrosides, pterocarpans, tartaric acid derivatives, and saponines. O. spinosa extract had no influence on the proliferation of uropathogenic E. coli (125 – 1000 µg/mL) and did not influence the cell viability of T24 cells. Bacterial adhesion to T24 cells was significantly (p > 0.001) inhibited by O. spinosa extract in a concentration-dependent manner (125 – 1000 µg/mL) during coincubation. Preincubation of uropathogenic E. coli or T24 cells with O. spinosa extract reduced bacterial adhesion, but to a lower extent than during coincubation. Consequently, the reduced bacterial adhesion also leads to a reduced internalization of uropathogenic E. coli uropathogenic E. coli into the host cell. O. spinosa extract does not interact with FimH-mediated uropathogenic E. coli adhesion to host cells. From these data, the traditional use of O. spinosa extracts for urinary tract infections seems to be rationalized.

scholarly journals Urinary Tract Infection Risk Assessment By Non- Thermal Plasma In Iraqis Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-91
Author(s):  
Mohammed Ubaid Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Thermal Plasma ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Plasma Needle ◽  
Uroepithelial Cells ◽  
Non Thermal Plasma

Background: In the present study used device jet plasma needle with atmospheric pressure which  generates non thermal plasma jet to measure treatment potent with plasma against pathogenic bacteria  founded  in UTI  was inactivated with plasma at 10 sec, Objective:. This work included the application of the plasma produced from the system in the field of bacterial sterilization , where sample of Gram- negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) were exposed to intervals (1-10)second . Midstream Urine samples swabs were obtained from patients with urinary tract infections. Type of the study: Cross -sectional study. Methods: The work were used in this study  obtained from studying 100 urine samples, the age of patients ranged between 10 years to 60 years. They were 60 females and 40 males. These samples were cultured on culture media to isolate bacterial colonies .After that, bacteria were identified by means of highly specific investigations Escherichia coli, plasma needle treatment is applied on bacteria through sterilization,  and adhesion. Results : It was found that the percentage of the killing of Gram-negative bacteria (E.coli) was 100% at (10) second, also decreasing bacterial adhesion on epithelial cells, where  numbers  adhesion bacterial with uroepithelial cells  decrease after treatment with plasma needle . Conclusion : From this work, it has been observed that applied voltage ,distance between plasma needle and treatment model as well as  time  treatment effect on inactivation bacteria and sterilization ,also it effect on decreasing bacterial adhesion on epithelial cells, where  numbers  adhesion bacterial with uroepithelial cells  decrease after treatment with plasma needle .

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