scholarly journals Urinary Tract Infection Risk Assessment By Non- Thermal Plasma In Iraqis Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-91
Author(s):  
Mohammed Ubaid Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Thermal Plasma ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Plasma Needle ◽  
Uroepithelial Cells ◽  
Non Thermal Plasma

Background: In the present study used device jet plasma needle with atmospheric pressure which  generates non thermal plasma jet to measure treatment potent with plasma against pathogenic bacteria  founded  in UTI  was inactivated with plasma at 10 sec, Objective:. This work included the application of the plasma produced from the system in the field of bacterial sterilization , where sample of Gram- negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) were exposed to intervals (1-10)second . Midstream Urine samples swabs were obtained from patients with urinary tract infections. Type of the study: Cross -sectional study. Methods: The work were used in this study  obtained from studying 100 urine samples, the age of patients ranged between 10 years to 60 years. They were 60 females and 40 males. These samples were cultured on culture media to isolate bacterial colonies .After that, bacteria were identified by means of highly specific investigations Escherichia coli, plasma needle treatment is applied on bacteria through sterilization,  and adhesion. Results : It was found that the percentage of the killing of Gram-negative bacteria (E.coli) was 100% at (10) second, also decreasing bacterial adhesion on epithelial cells, where  numbers  adhesion bacterial with uroepithelial cells  decrease after treatment with plasma needle . Conclusion : From this work, it has been observed that applied voltage ,distance between plasma needle and treatment model as well as  time  treatment effect on inactivation bacteria and sterilization ,also it effect on decreasing bacterial adhesion on epithelial cells, where  numbers  adhesion bacterial with uroepithelial cells  decrease after treatment with plasma needle .

scholarly journals Frequency and Distribution of Gram Negative Bacteria among Hospital and Community Acquired UTI Patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-26
Author(s):  
Md. Badrul Islam ◽  
Md. Abdullah Yusuf ◽  
Md. Shahjahan Chowdhury ◽  
AFM Arshaedi Sattar ◽  
Samia Afrin
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Klebsiella Species ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Pseudomonas Species ◽  
Community Patients

Background: Gram negative bacteria create a great problem during the treatment of urinary tract infection patients. Objective: This study was undertaken to determine the frequency and distribution of Gram negative bacteria among the UTI patients. Methodology: This cross sectional study was carried out in the Department of Microbiology at Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka from June 2007 to May 2008 for a period of 1(one) year. All the patients presented with the clinically suspected UTI at any age with both sexes were selected as study population. Patients who were hospitalized for at least 2 days or more received different antibiotics were designated as hospital acquired UTI; on the other hand patients who were attended in OPD for the first time were considered as community acquired UTI patients. All urine samples were inoculated in Blood agar and MacConkeys agar media. Gram negative bacteria were isolated and identified by colony morphology, Gram staining and biochemical tests. Result: A total of 220 urine samples were collected from patients suspected to urinary tract infections of which 116 samples were from hospitalized patients and 104 samples were from community patients. Among 220 samples, 132(60.0%) Gram negative bacteria were isolated of which 88(66.7%) isolates were from hospitalized acquired UTI and 44(33.3%) bacteria were isolated from community acquired UTI patients. The difference was statistically significant (p=0.0001). In hospitalized patients out of 88(75.9%) isolated Gram negative bacteria, 67(76.1%) isolates were Escherichia coli, 10(11.4%) isolates were Klebsiella species, 5(5.7%) isolates were Proteus species and 6(6.8%) isolates were Pseudomonas species. Among the isolated bacteria 44(42.3%) bacterial isolates were from community patients of which 36(81.8%) isolates were Escherichia coli, 4(9.1 %) isolates were Klebsiella species, 2(4.5%) isolates were Proteus species and 2(4.5%) bacteria were Pseudomonas species. Conclusion: In the present study, it was observed that considerable numbers of Gram negative bacteria were detected from urinary tract infection cases.Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases 2014;1(2):24-26

scholarly journals Bacterial infections in patients with liver cirrhosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 187-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomislav Preveden
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Bacterial Peritonitis

Introduction. Liver cirrhosis is characterized by a reduced defensive reaction to bacterial infections and patients with cirrhosis are at increased risk of developing infections, sepsis and death. The most common bacterial infections in these patients are spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, urinary tract infection, pneumonia, skin and soft tissue infection and bacteremia. The most common causes are Gram negative bacteria. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, localization and etiology of bacterial infections in hospitalized patients with liver cirrhosis. Material and Methods. This retrospective study included 401 patients with liver cirrhosis hospitalized at the Department of Infectious Diseases, Clinical Center of Vojvodina Novi Sad in the period from 2006 to 2010. Bacterial infection was diagnosed according to clinical examination, laboratory findings, radiological examination and bacterial positive culture. Results. The prevalence of bacterial infection was 38.15% (153/401). The most common infections were pneumonia (21.56%), urinary tract infection (20.91%), and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (18.95%). Localization of infection remained undetermined in as many as 37 patients (24.18%). Bacterial cultures were positive in 32 patients (20.91%), Gram negative bacteria were commonly isolated, mostly Escherichia coli (71.87%). The mortality rate among patients with bacterial infections was 31.37% (48/153). Conclusion. Bacterial infections are often found in patients with liver cirrhosis, the most frequent being pneumonia, urinary tract infection and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Gram negative bacteria, especially Escherichia coli were predominant in the etiology. The extent to which bacterial infections are taken into consideration in cases with liver cirrhosis is rather high; however, they are not proved etiologically to the satisfactory level.

Towards the understanding of non-thermal air plasma action: effects on bacteria and fibroblasts

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (30) ◽  
pp. 25286-25292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg Lunov ◽  
Vitalii Zablotskii ◽  
Olexander Churpita ◽  
Ales Jäger ◽  
Leoš Polívka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Plasma ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Air Plasma ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Action Effects ◽  
Bactericidal Effects ◽  
Bacteria Inactivation ◽  
Non Thermal Plasma ◽  
Plasma Research

Non-thermal plasma research has put a growing focus on the bacteria inactivation problem. Here we show how non-thermal plasma destroys Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and discuss the mechanisms of plasma bactericidal effects.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN KEBIASAAN MANDI DI SUNGAI DENGAN INFEKSI SALURAN KEMIH PADA ANAK DI KELURAHAN SINDULANG 1

e-CliniC ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chensilya Kusumanarwasti ◽  
Adrian Umboh ◽  
Johnny Rompis
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Preliminary Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
The City

Abstrak: Infeksi saluran kemih (ISK) pada anak merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan yang paling sering terjadi, dengan angka kejadian yang hanya sedikit lebih rendah dibandingkan ISPA dan infeksi digestif. Salah satu keadaan penting yang perlu diperhatikan pada gejala ISK adalah bakteriuria. Bakteriuria adalah suatu keadaan dimana bakteri dapat ditemukan didalam urin, tetapi keadaan ini tidak selalu berarti ISK. Bakteri gram negatif, khususnya Eschericia coli merupakan penyebab utama ISK (85-90%). Survei awal yang dilakukan peneliti di kelurahan Sindulang 1, kecamatan Tuminting, kota Manado, menduga bahwa sungai Tondano di daerah tersebut tercemar E.coli. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan pendekatan potong lintang (cross sectional). Penelitian dilakukan di kelurahan Sindulang 1, kecamatan Tuminting, kota Manado, selama bulan November sampai Desember 2012, dengan sampel adalah 60 anak yang berusia antara 5-12 tahun. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh, terdapat 39 orang anak yang memiliki kebiasaan mandi di sungai dan 21orang anak tidak memiliki kebiasaan mandi disungai.  39 orang yang mandi di sungai, didapatkan 2 orang anak yang positif menderita ISK. Hasil statistik menunjukan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara mandi di sungai dengan kejadian ISK. Kata kunci: kebiasaan mandi di sungai, ISK, urinalisis     Abstract: Urinary tract infections (UTI) in children is one of the most common health problems, the incidence is only slightly lower than the respiratory and digestive infections. One of the most important conditions that need attention from some symptoms of UTI is bacteriuria. Bacteriuria is a condition in which bacteria can be found in the urine, but this situation does not always mean UTI. Gram-negative bacteria, especially Escherichia coli is the leading cause of UTI (85-90%). Preliminary survey conducted by researchers at the Sindulang 1 village, of the Tuminting district, of the city of Manado, suspect that the Tondano river is polluted by E.coli. This was an observational analytic study with cross-sectional approach. The study was conducted in the Sindulang 1 village, of the Tuminting district, of the city of Manado, during November and December 2012, the sample was 60 children aged between 5-12 years. The results obtained, there are 39 childrens who have a river bathing habit and 21 child doesn’t. 39 people who bathe in the river, got 2 children who were positive for UTI. Subjects suffering from UTI confirmed by performing urinalysis, where meaningful results if leukocytes is  ≥ 5 WBC/hpf. From the statistical showed that there is a significant relationship between bathing in the river with the incidence of UTI. Keywords: river bathing habits, UTI, urinalysis

Antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of Macrophomina phaseolina isolated from gummosis infected citrus reticulata

2013 ◽  
pp. 125-133
Author(s):  
Rubal C Das ◽  
Rajib Banik ◽  
Robiul Hasan Bhuiyan ◽  
Md Golam Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Citrus Reticulata ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative

Macrophomina phaseolina is one of the pathogenic organisms of gummosis disease of orange tree (Citrus reticulata). The pathogen was identified from the observation of their colony size, shape, colour, mycelium, conidiophore, conidia, hyaline, spore, and appressoria in the PDA culture. The crude chloroform extracts from the organism showed antibacterial activity against a number of Gram positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The crude chloroform extract also showed promising antifungal activity against three species of the genus Aspergillus. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the crude chloroform extract from M. phaseolina against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Shigella sonnie were 128 ?gm, 256 ?gm, 128 ?gm and 64 ?gm/ml respectively. The LD50 (lethal dose) values of the cytotoxicity assay over brine shrimp of the crude chloroform extract from M. phaseolina was found to be 51.79 ?gm/ml. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cujbs.v5i1.13378 The Chittagong Univ. J. B. Sci.,Vol. 5(1 &2):125-133, 2010

scholarly journals Proteomic response of Escherichia coli to a membrane lytic and iron chelating truncated Amaranthus tricolor defensin

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tessa B. Moyer ◽  
Ashleigh L. Purvis ◽  
Andrew J. Wommack ◽  
Leslie M. Hicks
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Amaranthus Tricolor ◽  
Core Motif ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Membrane Lysis

Abstract Background Plant defensins are a broadly distributed family of antimicrobial peptides which have been primarily studied for agriculturally relevant antifungal activity. Recent studies have probed defensins against Gram-negative bacteria revealing evidence for multiple mechanisms of action including membrane lysis and ribosomal inhibition. Herein, a truncated synthetic analog containing the γ-core motif of Amaranthus tricolor DEF2 (Atr-DEF2) reveals Gram-negative antibacterial activity and its mechanism of action is probed via proteomics, outer membrane permeability studies, and iron reduction/chelation assays. Results Atr-DEF2(G39-C54) demonstrated activity against two Gram-negative human bacterial pathogens, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Quantitative proteomics revealed changes in the E. coli proteome in response to treatment of sub-lethal concentrations of the truncated defensin, including bacterial outer membrane (OM) and iron acquisition/processing related proteins. Modification of OM charge is a common response of Gram-negative bacteria to membrane lytic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) to reduce electrostatic interactions, and this mechanism of action was confirmed for Atr-DEF2(G39-C54) via an N-phenylnaphthalen-1-amine uptake assay. Additionally, in vitro assays confirmed the capacity of Atr-DEF2(G39-C54) to reduce Fe3+ and chelate Fe2+ at cell culture relevant concentrations, thus limiting the availability of essential enzymatic cofactors. Conclusions This study highlights the utility of plant defensin γ-core motif synthetic analogs for characterization of novel defensin activity. Proteomic changes in E. coli after treatment with Atr-DEF2(G39-C54) supported the hypothesis that membrane lysis is an important component of γ-core motif mediated antibacterial activity but also emphasized that other properties, such as metal sequestration, may contribute to a multifaceted mechanism of action.

scholarly journals MexAB-OprM Efflux Pump Interaction with the Peptidoglycan of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 5328
Author(s):  
Miao Ma ◽  
Margaux Lustig ◽  
Michèle Salem ◽  
Dominique Mengin-Lecreulx ◽  
Gilles Phan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Cell Division ◽  
Membrane Proteins ◽  
Outer Membrane ◽  
Efflux Pump ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Active Efflux

One of the major families of membrane proteins found in prokaryote genome corresponds to the transporters. Among them, the resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND) transporters are highly studied, as being responsible for one of the most problematic mechanisms used by bacteria to resist to antibiotics, i.e., the active efflux of drugs. In Gram-negative bacteria, these proteins are inserted in the inner membrane and form a tripartite assembly with an outer membrane factor and a periplasmic linker in order to cross the two membranes to expulse molecules outside of the cell. A lot of information has been collected to understand the functional mechanism of these pumps, especially with AcrAB-TolC from Escherichia coli, but one missing piece from all the suggested models is the role of peptidoglycan in the assembly. Here, by pull-down experiments with purified peptidoglycans, we precise the MexAB-OprM interaction with the peptidoglycan from Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, highlighting a role of the peptidoglycan in stabilizing the MexA-OprM complex and also differences between the two Gram-negative bacteria peptidoglycans.

scholarly journals Pyelonephritis in Pediatric Uropathic Patients: Differences from Community-Acquired Ones and Therapeutic Protocol Considerations. A 10-Year Single-Center Retrospective Study

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 436
Author(s):  
Giovanni Parente ◽  
Tommaso Gargano ◽  
Stefania Pavia ◽  
Chiara Cordola ◽  
Marzia Vastano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Pyelonephritis (PN) represents an important cause of morbidity in the pediatric population, especially in uropathic patients. The aim of the study is to demonstrate differences between PNs of uropathic patients and PNs acquired in community in terms of uropathogens involved and antibiotic sensitivity; moreover, to identify a proper empiric therapeutic strategy. A retrospective study was conducted on antibiograms on urine cultures from PNs in vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) patients admitted to pediatric surgery department and from PNs in not VUR patients admitted to Pediatric Emergency Unit between 2010 and 2020. We recorded 58 PNs in 33 patients affected by VUR and 112 PNs in the not VUR group. The mean age of not VUR patients at the PN episode was 1.3 ± 2.6 years (range: 20 days of life–3 years), and almost all the urine cultures, 111 (99.1%), isolated Gram-negative bacteria and rarely, 1 (0.9%), Gram-positive bacteria. The Gram-negative uropathogens isolated were Escherichia coli (97%), Proteus mirabilis (2%), and Klebsiella spp. (1%). The only Gram-positive bacteria isolated was an Enterococcus faecalis. As regards the antibiograms, 96% of not VUR PNs responded to beta-lactams, 99% to aminoglycosides, and 80% to sulfonamides. For the VUR group, mean age was 3.0 years ± 3.0 years (range: 9 days of life–11 years) and mean number of episodes per patient was 2.0 ± 1.0 (range: 1–5); 83% of PNs were by Gram-negatives bacteria vs. 17% by Gram-positive: the most important Gram-negative bacteria were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (44%), Escherichia coli (27%), and Klebsiella spp. (12%), while Enterococcus spp. determined 90% of Gram-positive UTIs. Regimen ampicillin/ceftazidime (success rate: 72.0%) was compared to ampicillin/amikacin (success rate of 83.0%): no statistically significant difference was found (p = 0.09). The pathogens of PNs in uropathic patients are different from those of community-acquired PNs, and clinicians should be aware of their peculiar antibiotic susceptibility. An empiric therapy based on the association ampicillin + ceftazidime is therefore suggested.

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