A Baboon Model for Simulating Pregnancy

Abstract Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are important consequences of adverse perinatal conditions such as fetal hypoxia and maternal malnutrition. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) can produce a wealth of physiological information related to the development of the heart. This review outlines the current state of CMR technologies and describes the physiological biomarkers that can be measured. These phenotypes include impaired ventricular and atrial function, maladaptive ventricular remodeling, and the proliferation of myocardial steatosis and fibrosis. The discussion outlines the applications of CMR to understanding the developmental pathways leading to impaired cardiac function. The use of CMR, both in animal models of developmental programming and in human studies, is described. Specific examples are given in a baboon model of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). CMR offers great potential as a tool for understanding the sequence of dysfunctional adaptations of developmental origin that can affect the human cardiovascular system.

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Infection of Nonhuman Primate Cells by Pig Endogenous Retrovirus

Journal of Virology ◽

10.1128/jvi.74.16.7687-7690.2000 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 74 (16) ◽

pp. 7687-7690 ◽

Cited By ~ 56

Author(s):

Juergen H. Blusch ◽

Clive Patience ◽

Yasuhiro Takeuchi ◽

Christian Templin ◽

Christian Roos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Assessment ◽

Cell Lines ◽

Nonhuman Primate ◽

Endogenous Retrovirus ◽

Papio Hamadryas ◽

Endogenous Retroviruses ◽

Human Donor ◽

Baboon Model ◽

Primate Cell ◽

Perv Transmission

ABSTRACT The ongoing shortage of human donor organs for transplantation has catalyzed new interest in the application of pig organs (xenotransplantation). One of the biggest concerns about the transplantation of porcine grafts into humans is the transmission of pig endogenous retroviruses (PERV) to the recipients or even to other members of the community. Although nonhuman primate models are excellently suited to mimic clinical xenotransplantation settings, their value for risk assessment of PERV transmission at xenotransplantation is questionable since all of the primate cell lines tested so far have been found to be nonpermissive for PERV infection. Here we demonstrate that human, gorilla, and Papio hamadryas primary skin fibroblasts and also baboon B-cell lines are permissive for PERV infection. This suggests that a reevaluation of the suitability of the baboon model for risk assessment in xenotransplantation is critical at this point.

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Highly conserved transcriptional responses to mechanical ventilation of the lung

Physiological Genomics ◽

10.1152/physiolgenomics.00117.2009 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 42 (3) ◽

pp. 384-396 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Kenneth S. Kompass ◽

Gaetan Deslee ◽

Carla Moore ◽

Donald McCurnin ◽

Richard A. Pierce

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Ventilation ◽

Transcription Factors ◽

Side Effects ◽

Microarray Data ◽

Regulatory Elements ◽

Tissue Growth ◽

Transcriptional Responses ◽

Baboon Model ◽

Additional Control ◽

Valuable Treatment

Cross-species analysis of microarray data has shown improved discriminating power between healthy and diseased states. Computational approaches have proven effective in deciphering the complexity of human disease by identifying upstream regulatory elements and the transcription factors that interact with them. Here we used both methods to identify highly conserved transcriptional responses during mechanical ventilation, an important therapeutic treatment that has injurious side effects. We generated control and ventilated whole lung samples from the premature baboon model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), processed them for microarray, and combined them with existing whole lung oligonucleotide microarray data from 85 additional control samples from mouse, rat, and human and 19 additional ventilated samples from mouse and rat. Of the 2,531 orthologs shared by all 114 samples, 60 were modulated by mechanical ventilation [false discovery rate (FDR)-adjusted q value ( qFDR) = 0.005, ANOVA]. These included transcripts encoding the transcription factors ATF3 and FOS. Because of compelling known roles for these transcription factors, we used computational methods to predict their targets in the premature baboon model of BPD, which included elastin (ELN), gastrin-releasing polypeptide (GRP), and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF). This approach identified highly conserved transcriptional responses to mechanical ventilation and may facilitate identification of therapeutic targets to reduce the side effects of this valuable treatment.

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Histopathology ofBordetella pertussisin the Baboon Model

Infection and Immunity ◽

10.1128/iai.00511-18 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 86 (11) ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Lindsey I. Zimmerman ◽

James F. Papin ◽

Jason Warfel ◽

Roman F. Wolf ◽

Stanley D. Kosanke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Severe Disease ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Human Infant ◽

Mucus Production ◽

Content Type ◽

Age Related ◽

Baboon Model ◽

Relevant Animal Model ◽

Significant Pathology ◽

Conducting Airways

ABSTRACTPertussis is a severe respiratory disease caused byBordetella pertussis. The classic symptoms of pertussis include paroxysmal coughing with an inspiratory whoop, posttussive vomiting, cyanosis, and persistent coryzal symptoms. Infants under 2 months of age experience more severe disease, with most deaths occurring in this age group. Most of what is known about the pathology of pertussis in humans is from the evaluation of fatal human infant cases. The baboon model of pertussis provides the opportunity to evaluate the histopathology of severe but nonfatal pertussis. The baboon model recapitulates the characteristic clinical signs of pertussis observed in humans, including leukocytosis, paroxysmal coughing, mucus production, heavy colonization of the airway, and transmission of the bacteria between hosts. As in humans, baboons demonstrate age-related differences in clinical presentation, with younger animals experiencing more severe disease. We examined the histopathology of 5- to 6-week-old baboons, with the findings being similar to those reported for fatal human infant cases. In juvenile baboons, we found that the disease is highly inflammatory and concentrated to the lungs with signs of disease that would typically be diagnosed as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and bronchopneumonia. In contrast, no significant pathology was observed in the trachea. Histopathological changes in the trachea were limited to cellular infiltrates and mucus production. Immunohistostaining revealed that the bacteria were localized to the surface of the ciliated epithelium in the conducting airways. Our observations provide important insights into the pathology of pertussis in typical, severe but nonfatal pertussis cases in a very relevant animal model.

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POSSIBLE ROLE OF TNF ON PROCALCITONIN RELEASE IN A BABOON MODEL OF SEPSIS

Shock ◽

10.1097/00024382-200116010-00005 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 25-27 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Heinz Redl ◽

Anna Schieer ◽

Eva Tögel ◽

Marcel Assicot ◽

Claude Bohuon

Keyword(s):

Baboon Model

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Postnatal persistence of sex-dependent renal developmentally programmed structural and molecular changes in nonhuman primates

10.1101/2020.12.01.406355 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Andrew C. Bishop ◽

Kimberly D. Spradling-Reeves ◽

Robert E. Shade ◽

Kenneth J. Lange ◽

Shifra Birnbaum ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Renal Disease ◽

Kidney Function ◽

Nonhuman Primates ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Postnatal Life ◽

Urine Metabolites ◽

Baboon Model ◽

Before And After ◽

The Impact

AbstractBackgroundPoor nutrition during development programs kidney function. No studies on postnatal consequences of decreased perinatal nutrition exist in nonhuman primates (NHP) for translation to human renal disease. Our baboon model of moderate maternal nutrient restriction (MNR) produces intrauterine growth restricted (IUGR) and programs renal fetal phenotype. We hypothesized that the IUGR phenotype persists postnatally, influencing responses to a high-fat, high-carbohydrate, high-salt (HFCS) diet.MethodsPregnant baboons ate chow (Control; CON) or 70% of control intake (MNR) from 0.16 gestation through lactation. MNR offspring were IUGR at birth. At weaning, all offspring (CON and IUGR females and males, n=3/group) ate chow. At ~4.5 years of age, blood, urine, and kidney biopsies were collected before and after a 7-week HFCS diet challenge. Kidney function, unbiased kidney gene expression, and untargeted urine metabolomics were evaluated.ResultsIUGR female and male kidney transcriptome and urine metabolome differed from CON at 3.5 years, prior to HFCS. After the challenge, we observed sex-specific and fetal exposure-specific responses in urine creatinine, urine metabolites, and renal signaling pathways.ConclusionsWe previously showed mTOR signaling dysregulation in IUGR fetal kidneys. Before HFCS, gene expression analysis indicated that dysregulation persists postnatally in IUGR females. IUGR male offspring response to HFCS showed uncoordinated signaling pathway responses suggestive of proximal tubule injury. To our knowledge, this is the first study comparing CON and IUGR postnatal juvenile NHP and the impact of fetal and postnatal life caloric mismatch. Perinatal history needs to be taken into account when assessing renal disease risk.

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An experimental study of the acute stage of subarachnoid hemorrhage

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/jns.1983.59.6.0917 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 59 (6) ◽

pp. 917-924 ◽

Cited By ~ 78

Author(s):

Ken Kamiya ◽

Hideyuki Kuyama ◽

Lindsay Symon

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽

Acute Stage ◽

Flow Measurements ◽

Content Type ◽

Baboon Model ◽

Differential Increase ◽

Blood Flow Measurements ◽

Fine Print ◽

Made In

✓ A baboon model of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) has been developed to study the changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF), intracranial pressure (ICP), and cerebral edema associated with the acute stage of SAH. In this model, hemorrhage was caused by avulsion of the posterior communicating artery via a periorbital approach, with the orbit sealed and ICP restored to normal before SAH was produced. Local CBF was measured in six sites in the two hemispheres, and ICP monitored by an implanted extradural transducer. Following sacrifice of the animal, the effect of the induced SAH on ICP, CBF, autoregulation, and CO2 reactivity in the two hemispheres was assessed. Brain water measurements were also made in areas of gray and white matter corresponding to areas of blood flow measurements, and also in the deep nuclei. Two principal patterns of ICP change were found following SAH; one group of animals showed a return to baseline ICP quite quickly and the other maintained high ICP for over an hour. The CBF was reduced after SAH to nearly 20% of control values in all areas, and all areas showed impaired autoregulation. Variable changes in CO2 reactivity were evident, but on the side of the hemorrhage CO2 reactivity was predominantly reduced. Differential increase in pressure lasting for over 7 minutes was evident soon after SAH on the side of the ruptured vessel. There was a significant increase of water in all areas, and in cortex and deep nuclei as compared to control animals.

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