Still rendering: An exploration of 3D technologies for painting and other conventional mediums

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caitlin Cheek
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Traditional Art ◽  
3D Software ◽  
Modern Technologies

Artists working in the field of animation, games and films are expected to have in-depth knowledge of three-dimensional (3D) software as well as traditional art principles. However, when it comes to creating conventional paintings, many artists have yet to use 3D computer imaging. 3D software expands beyond what is possible in other computer programmes such as Photoshop, InDesign or Illustrator by giving the creator access to unlimited potential in three dimensions. My work embraces these modern technologies, crossing the boundaries between new and old media, to inform the paintings I create with oil on canvas. I utilize 3D software to push the surreal yet realistic quality of a setting. In this article, I explore my work in the context of historical precedents and contemporary examples that combine conventional media and 3D computer imaging. Keeping up and creatively employing these technologies within conventional modes of painting presents an opportunity to push the boundaries of my art.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional propagation in near-field tomographic X-ray phase retrieval

2016 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aike Ruhlandt ◽  
Tim Salditt
Keyword(s):  
Phase Retrieval ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Current Phase ◽  
Computationally Efficient ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Reconstruction Quality ◽  
Consistency Constraints

This paper presents an extension of phase retrieval algorithms for near-field X-ray (propagation) imaging to three dimensions, enhancing the quality of the reconstruction by exploiting previously unused three-dimensional consistency constraints. The approach is based on a novel three-dimensional propagator and is derived for the case of optically weak objects. It can be easily implemented in current phase retrieval architectures, is computationally efficient and reduces the need for restrictive prior assumptions, resulting in superior reconstruction quality.

scholarly journals Exemplification of Tomographic Method to Evaluate the Quality of Welded Joints Made from EN 5754-H22 Alloy

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-78
Author(s):  
Józef Błachnio ◽  
Artur Kułaszka ◽  
Marek Chalimoniuk ◽  
Piotr Woźny
Keyword(s):  
Welded Joints ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Ct Scanner ◽  
Computer Assisted Tomography ◽  
Tomographic Method ◽  
Industrial Ct ◽  
The Given

Abstract The quality of welded joints depends on many factors. The relevant standards stipulate technical conditions of welds quality assessment, which provides the basis for stating whether the given joint is compatible with the requirements or whether it is defective. In practice, making welded joints that are totally devoid of defects is extremely difficult. To conduct the control of inner structure of the given joint a non-destructive method with the application of industrial CT scanner might be applied. This modern diagnosing method combines the x-ray examination with advanced computer technology. The basic advantage of computer-assisted tomography consists in examining objects in three dimensions and the possibility to carry out three-dimensional reconstructions. The aim of this article is to discuss the use of this method to evaluate the quality of welded joints made of aluminium alloys. Capabilities of computer-assisted tomography were depicted by the case of weld probes constructed with TIG (ang. Tungsten Inert Gas) welding by different process variables. One has made the analysis of the quality of probes showing the smallest and the biggest internal and external welding defects.

scholarly journals Reconstruction of crystal shapes by X-ray nanodiffraction from three-dimensional superlattices

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 2030-2037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mojmír Meduňa ◽  
Claudiu V. Falub ◽  
Fabio Isa ◽  
Daniel Chrastina ◽  
Thomas Kreiliger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Semiconductor Layer ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Solid State Lasers ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nondestructive Imaging ◽  
Low Dimensional

Quantitative nondestructive imaging of structural properties of semiconductor layer stacks at the nanoscale is essential for tailoring the device characteristics of many low-dimensional quantum structures, such as ultrafast transistors, solid state lasers and detectors. Here it is shown that scanning nanodiffraction of synchrotron X-ray radiation can unravel the three-dimensional structure of epitaxial crystals containing a periodic superlattice underneath their faceted surface. By mapping reciprocal space in all three dimensions, the superlattice period is determined across the various crystal facets and the very high crystalline quality of the structures is demonstrated. It is shown that the presence of the superlattice allows the reconstruction of the crystal shape without the need of any structural model.

scholarly journals Dear Computer on My Desk, Which Candidate Fits Best? An Assessment of Candidates’ Perception of Assessment Quality When Using AI in Personnel Selection

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Schick ◽  
Sebastian Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Personnel Selection ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Perceived Quality ◽  
Candidate Selection ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Selection Procedures ◽  
Selection Processes ◽  
Candidate Perceptions

Recently, with the increase in technological capabilities and the need to reduce bias in candidate selection processes, artificial intelligence (AI)-based selection procedures have been on the rise. However, the literature indicates that candidate reactions to a selection process need to be considered by organizations that compete for employees. In this study, we investigate reactions to AI-based selection procedures in a three-dimensional vignette study among young adults in Germany. By investigating the effects of the dimensions of AI complexity, intangibility, and reliability on the perceived quality of assessment of potential candidates, we found that AI complexity and intangibility impact the perceived quality of assessment negatively when the candidates’ knowledge, strengths, and weaknesses should be assessed. We also found interactive relationships of all three dimensions for the assessment of motivation. In sum, results indicate that candidates are skeptical toward the assessment quality of AI-intense selection processes, especially if these assess complex assessment criteria such as personality or a job performance forecast. Hence, organizations need to be careful when implementing AI-based selection procedures. HR implications are made on the basis of these results to cope with negative candidate perceptions.

scholarly journals COMPUTER VISION PHOTOGRAMMETRY FOR UNDERWATER ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE RECORDING IN A LOW-VISIBILITY ENVIRONMENT

2015 ◽  
Vol XL-5/W5 ◽  
pp. 231-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Van Damme
Keyword(s):  
Computer Vision ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Recording Efficiency ◽  
Low Visibility ◽  
Manual Recording ◽  
Underwater Sites ◽  
Near Future

Computer Vision Photogrammetry allows archaeologists to accurately record underwater sites in three dimensions using simple twodimensional picture or video sequences, automatically processed in dedicated software. In this article, I share my experience in working with one such software package, namely PhotoScan, to record a Dutch shipwreck site. In order to demonstrate the method’s reliability and flexibility, the site in question is reconstructed from simple GoPro footage, captured in low-visibility conditions. Based on the results of this case study, Computer Vision Photogrammetry compares very favourably to manual recording methods both in recording efficiency, and in the quality of the final results. In a final section, the significance of Computer Vision Photogrammetry is then assessed from a historical perspective, by placing the current research in the wider context of about half a century of successful use of Analytical and later Digital photogrammetry in the field of underwater archaeology. I conclude that while photogrammetry has been used in our discipline for several decades now, for various reasons the method was only ever used by a relatively small percentage of projects. This is likely to change in the near future since, compared to the ‘traditional’ photogrammetry approaches employed in the past, today Computer Vision Photogrammetry is easier to use, more reliable and more affordable than ever before, while at the same time producing more accurate and more detailed three-dimensional results.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional analysis of effects of rapid maxillary expansion on facial sutures and bones: A systematic review

2013 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
pp. 1074-1082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhan Bazargani ◽  
Ingalill Feldmann ◽  
Lars Bondemark
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Rapid Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Prospective Case Series

ABSTRACTObjective:To evaluate the evidence on three-dimensional immediate effects of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) treatment on growing patients as assessed by computed tomography/cone beam computed tomography (CT/CBCT) imaging.Materials and Methods:The published literature was searched through the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library electronic databases from January 1966 to December 2012. The inclusion criteria consisted of randomized controlled trials, prospective controlled studies, and prospective case-series. Two reviewers extracted the data independently and assessed the quality of the studies.Results:The search strategy resulted in 73 abstracts or full-text articles, of which 10 met the inclusion criteria. When treating posterior crossbites with a RME device, the existing evidence points out that the midpalatal suture opening is around 20%–50% of the total screw expansion. There seems to be no consistent evidence on whether the midpalatal sutural opening is parallel or triangular. The effect on the nasal cavity dimensions after RME seems to be apparent and indicates an enlargement between 17% and 33% of the total screw expansion. Circummaxillary sutures, particularly the zygomaticomaxillary and frontomaxillary sutures and also spheno-occipital synchondrosis, appear to be affected by the maxillary expansion. Overall, however, the changes were small and the evidence not conclusive.Conclusions:CT imaging proved to be a useful tool for assessment of treatment effects in all three dimensions. The majority of the articles were judged to be of low quality, and therefore, no evidence-based conclusions could to be drawn from these studies.

A Triaxial Model of the Interdisciplinary Team and Group Process

1984 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald B. Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Group Process ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Interdisciplinary Team ◽  
Interdisciplinary Teams ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Team Functioning

This article proposes a three-dimensional model for conceptualizing problems in the functioning of interdisciplinary teams. The three dimensions are (a) the team as a developing and changing entity, (b) the team as a set of subsystems, and (c) the team as a functioning unit. Each dimension is described and examples of team dysfunctions within each dimension are provided. Implications of the model for researchers and practitioners seeking to improve the quality of interdisciplinary team functioning are discussed.

Scanning Electron Microscopy in Hybrid Microelectronics

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 456-457
Author(s):  
S. Khadpe ◽  
R. Faryniak
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Thick Film ◽  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Circuit Components ◽  
Hybrid Microcircuit ◽  
Electrical Connections ◽  
Scanning Electron

The Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) is an important tool in Thick Film Hybrid Microcircuits Manufacturing because of its large depth of focus and three dimensional capability. This paper discusses some of the important areas in which the SEM is used to monitor process control and component failure modes during the various stages of manufacture of a typical hybrid microcircuit.Figure 1 shows a thick film hybrid microcircuit used in a Motorola Paging Receiver. The circuit consists of thick film resistors and conductors screened and fired on a ceramic (aluminum oxide) substrate. Two integrated circuit dice are bonded to the conductors by means of conductive epoxy and electrical connections from each integrated circuit to the substrate are made by ultrasonically bonding 1 mil aluminum wires from the die pads to appropriate conductor pads on the substrate. In addition to the integrated circuits and the resistors, the circuit includes seven chip capacitors soldered onto the substrate. Some of the important considerations involved in the selection and reliability aspects of the hybrid circuit components are: (a) the quality of the substrate; (b) the surface structure of the thick film conductors; (c) the metallization characteristics of the integrated circuit; and (d) the quality of the wire bond interconnections.

Semi-automated methods for 3-D reconstruction of macromolecular complexes

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 42-43
Author(s):  
B. Carragher ◽  
M. Whittaker
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Macromolecular Complexes ◽  
Symmetry Properties ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction ◽  
Experienced Operator ◽  
Projection Images ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Natural Symmetry

Techniques for three-dimensional reconstruction of macromolecular complexes from electron micrographs have been successfully used for many years. These include methods which take advantage of the natural symmetry properties of the structure (for example helical or icosahedral) as well as those that use single axis or other tilting geometries to reconstruct from a set of projection images. These techniques have traditionally relied on a very experienced operator to manually perform the often numerous and time consuming steps required to obtain the final reconstruction. While the guidance and oversight of an experienced and critical operator will always be an essential component of these techniques, recent advances in computer technology, microprocessor controlled microscopes and the availability of high quality CCD cameras have provided the means to automate many of the individual steps.During the acquisition of data automation provides benefits not only in terms of convenience and time saving but also in circumstances where manual procedures limit the quality of the final reconstruction.

convergent-beam diffraction from surfaces

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
J. A. Eades ◽  
A. E. Smith ◽  
D. F. Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Reciprocal Lattice ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Grazing Incidence ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Plane Figure ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Convergent Beam ◽  
Beam Patterns ◽  
Beam Diffraction

It is quite simple (in the transmission electron microscope) to obtain convergent-beam patterns from the surface of a bulk crystal. The beam is focussed onto the surface at near grazing incidence (figure 1) and if the surface is flat the appropriate pattern is obtained in the diffraction plane (figure 2). Such patterns are potentially valuable for the characterization of surfaces just as normal convergent-beam patterns are valuable for the characterization of crystals.There are, however, several important ways in which reflection diffraction from surfaces differs from the more familiar electron diffraction in transmission.GeometryIn reflection diffraction, because of the surface, it is not possible to describe the specimen as periodic in three dimensions, nor is it possible to associate diffraction with a conventional three-dimensional reciprocal lattice.

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