The collection of a toy: Production history and collection value of the Matchbox regarding the consumer behaviours

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-63
Author(s):  
Ceyda Özgen
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Development ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Casting Technique ◽  
Casting Technology ◽  
Production History ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
Metal Castings ◽  
Second World

Metal casting technology reached at a very advanced point after the Second World War. When the war was over, many companies producing metal castings suffered a huge market loss and tried to create new markets and develop new products. Some companies, inspired by the rapid development of automobile production, started to produce toy model cars with the casting technique, which were generally made with sheet metal bending until then, using the moulding techniques they had advanced. In this study, the history of Lesney company, established after the Second World War, and the development of Matchbox’s product range will be discussed in the context of collecting and a collection object. Matchbox collections are the most common model car collections in the world. The status of the designed objects as collectible objects was investigated together with the history and development process of Matchbox cars production and collecting behaviour of consumer.

Between Two Abysses: Ukraine During the Second World War

2016 ◽  
pp. 169-182
Author(s):  
I. Patrylyak
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
Alternative Development ◽  
World War ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
Liberation Movement ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
Second World

This article presents a conceptual approach to understanding the history of Ukraine during the Second World War. The author analyzes the main features of the post-Soviet Ukrainian historiography of the Second World War, indicates its positive and negative features, and offers his own scheme of the history of the Second World War in Ukraine. The researcher places the work within a global historical process in which the struggle of various competing imperialist empires whose aims included the inclusion of Ukrainian ethnic territories within their own orbits. The author also offers quite a different view of the Ukrainian liberation movement during the Second World War, representing it not as part of an anti-Nazi resistance, but as a separate alternative development of the Ukrainian people against the backdrop of competing imperialist projects: the Nazi “New Europe” and the Bolshevik “world revolution”. The author describes the Second World War as an “unfinished war” that did not bring Ukraine freedom, independence and liberation from tyranny, but rather led to the replacement of one criminal regime with another. Determining the status of Ukraine during the Second World War, the author stresses that Ukraine and the Ukrainian people can’t be positioned as either “winners” or “losers”, but only as victims of the war.

scholarly journals Some Aspects of State-Building Processes in Carpathian Ukraine on the Eve of the Second World War

2020 ◽  
pp. 201-225
Author(s):  
Mykola Vehesh ◽  
◽  
Stepan Vidnyanskyj
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Development ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Historical Event ◽  
World War ◽  
Declaration Of Independence ◽  
Small Branch ◽  
Political Events ◽  
Short Period ◽  
History Of ◽  
Second World

Autonomous Subcarpathian Rus’, and subsequently independent Carpathian Ukraine, existed for an extremely short period of time: from October 1938 to the second half of March, 1939. Despite this fact, there was such a rapid development of political events in the country that the attention of the whole world was drawn to Carpathian Ukraine. This also applies to the researchers who, at the end of the 1930s, began to study the history of Carpathian Ukraine. The declaration of independence on March 14, 1939 was explained by the desire of the Ukrainian population of the region for freedom. However, the disintegration of Czechoslovakia and the declaration of independence by Slovakia were also of great importance for this act. Despite some spontaneity and haste, this historical event in the life of not only Transcarpathian Ukrainians, but of the entire Ukrainian people was of great historical importance. After January 21, 1919, it was the second attempt to declare to the whole world that Ukrainian nation is alive and ready for state life. Although this act of declaration of independence, ratified on March 15, 1939 at the Soim of Carpathian Ukraine, was more symbolic than real politics, it played a large role in forming the self-consciousness of the entire Ukrainian nation. It was during the period of Carpathian Ukraine that a kind of transition from consciousness of Transcarpathian Ruthenians to Transcarpathian Ukrainians ended. In the late 1930s, Carpathian Ukraine was the only state where a small branch of the Ukrainian people proclaimed their independence and declared their desire to live a state life. The Ukrainians who were part of the USSR, as well as the Ukrainians under the control of Poland and Romania didn’t have such opportunity. However, they treated Carpathian Ukraine as an area where an attempt was made to restore Ukrainian statehood. On this basis, it is necessary to consider the formation of the Carpatho-Ukrainian state as the second stage – after the liberation contest of 1918–20’s – in the struggle for the creation of Ukrainian state formation on a separate Ukrainian territory

scholarly journals Documentary Publications on the History of the Second World War and the Great Patriotic War on the Website of the Boris Yeltsin Presidential Library

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 483-490
Author(s):  
Vitaly Y. Afiani
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Large Set ◽  
World War ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
Boris Yeltsin ◽  
Second World

The article analyses publication of a large set of historical and archival documents on the history of the Second World War and the Great Patriotic War on the website of the Boris Yeltsin Presidential Library. Since 2009 it functions as the national electronic repository of digital copies of the most important documents on the history of Russian statehood and Russian language, as well as multimedia, multifunctional, cultural, scientific, educational and information-analytical centre with the status of the national library of Russia. In the “Collections” section, the libraryʼs website places online publications of various forms and subjects. The author considers the methods of publishing digitized copies of archival documents. Within the frames of the first part of the Internet project “The Second World War in archival documents (set of digitized archival documents, footage and photo materials)” there are published 1767 electronic copies of documents, then promised to continue. There is placed the full list of published documents, it provides the ability to sort them, search by date and place of storage. Virtual multimedia exhibition “The Great Patriotic War, which determined the outcome of the Second World War. For the 75th anniversary of the victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941—1945” presents more than 500 official documents, documentary photographs, periodical materials and leaflets. The authors of the exhibition apparently consider the online publication “Combat actions of the air defence forces of the navy in the Great Patriotic War of 1941—1945” as a kind of rare publication, therefore they decided to publish the facsimile reproduction of it. The article concludes on the great significance of the project “The Second World War in archival documents (set of digitized archival documents, footage and photo materials)” that placed a large set of documents from Federal and departmental archives, many of which were first declassified. The author reveals shortcomings of Internet publications of archival documents in the field of placement methods related to inaccurate determination of their readership.

The Administration of War Production--History of the Second World War.

1957 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
A. T. Wright ◽  
J. D. Scott ◽  
Richard Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Production History ◽  
History Of ◽  
War Production ◽  
Second World

scholarly journals Stan badań dziejów młyna papierniczego w Dusznikach-Zdroju

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 201-226
Author(s):  
Maciej Szymczyk
Keyword(s):  
Recent Decade ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
World Heritage List ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City ◽  
Second World

The article is devoted to the evolution of interest in the paper mill in Duszniki-Zdrój for over two centuries. The paper mill was established before 1562, when the Kłodzko region was part of the Kingdom of Bohemia. The mill played an important economic and cultural role for nearly three centuries. It stopped its operations during the great economic crisis and in 1939 was sold to the city of Duszniki. After the Second World War and incorporation of Silesia with the Kłodzko region into Poland, the mill was o fficially recognised as a historic building (listed in 1956) and in 1968 it was turned into the Museum of Papermaking. It 2011 the paper mill was granted the status of a Monument of History, which paved the way for it to be included in the UNESCO list.Interest in the history of the mill dates back to at least the second half of the eighteenth century. In 1789 a detailed history of the mill was published in Beyträge zur Beschreibung von Schlesien by F.A. Zimmermann and a lot of the information included in it at the time still remains relevant. During the following century interest in the history of the mill was shown by J. Kögler and W. Hohaus, and in the early twentieth century — by F. Hössle or B. Maiwald. After the Second World War the history of the mill was studied by many Polish historians, including K. Maleczyńska, M. Kutzner, M. Przyłecki, K. Sarnecki and W. Tomaszewska. The interest in the paper mill and its history has been boosted on an unprecedented scale over the recent decade, after eff orts were launched to have the mill entered in the UNESCO list. The paper mill has been studied by e.g. R. Eysymontt, A. Fortuna-Marek, G. Grajewski, A. Kozieł, R. Sachs, A. Szeląg, B. Szmygin, as well as J. Bałchan and M. Szymczyk, both of whom were associated with the museum. In 2018 the Museum of Papermaking published a Monograph of the Duszniki-Zdrój Paper Mill, which contains the latest fi ndings about the history of the paper mill and which will be used in the nomination for the mill to be included in the World Heritage List.

Turning Aliens into Socialists

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-93
Author(s):  
Jessica Moberg
Keyword(s):  
Outer Space ◽  
The United States ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
History Of ◽  
Swedish History ◽  
Second World ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Highly Evolved

Immediately after the Second World War Sweden was struck by a wave of sightings of strange flying objects. In some cases these mass sightings resulted in panic, particularly after authorities failed to identify them. Decades later, these phenomena were interpreted by two members of the Swedish UFO movement, Erland Sandqvist and Gösta Rehn, as alien spaceships, or UFOs. Rehn argued that ‘[t]here is nothing so dramatic in the Swedish history of UFOs as this invasion of alien fly-things’ (Rehn 1969: 50). In this article the interpretation of such sightings proposed by these authors, namely that we are visited by extraterrestrials from outer space, is approached from the perspective of myth theory. According to this mythical theme, not only are we are not alone in the universe, but also the history of humankind has been shaped by encounters with more highly-evolved alien beings. In their modern day form, these kinds of ideas about aliens and UFOs originated in the United States. The reasoning of Sandqvist and Rehn exemplifies the localization process that took place as members of the Swedish UFO movement began to produce their own narratives about aliens and UFOs. The question I will address is: in what ways do these stories change in new contexts? Texts produced by the Swedish UFO movement are analyzed as a case study of this process.

ABCs of the Revolution

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 278-291
Author(s):  
Egor A. Yesyunin
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Special Significance ◽  
Development History ◽  
The People ◽  
Red Army ◽  
History Of ◽  
Second World ◽  
The Revolution

The article is devoted to the satirical agitation ABCs that appeared during the Civil War, which have never previously been identified by researchers as a separate type of agitation art. The ABCs, which used to have the narrow purpose of teaching children to read and write before, became a form of agitation art in the hands of artists and writers. This was facilitated by the fact that ABCs, in contrast to primers, are less loaded with educational material and, accordingly, they have more space for illustrations. The article presents the development history of the agitation ABCs, focusing in detail on four of them: V.V. Mayakovsky’s “Soviet ABC”, D.S. Moor’s “Red Army Soldier’s ABC”, A.I. Strakhov’s “ABC of the Revolution”, and M.M. Cheremnykh’s “Anti-Religious ABC”. There is also briefly considered “Our ABC”: the “TASS Posters” created by various artists during the Second World War. The article highlights the special significance of V.V. Mayakovsky’s first agitation ABC, which later became a reference point for many artists. The authors of the first satirical ABCs of the Civil War period consciously used the traditional form of popular prints, as well as ditties and sayings, in order to create images close to the people. The article focuses on the iconographic connections between the ABCs and posters in the works of D.S. Moor and M.M. Cheremnykh, who transferred their solutions from the posters to the ABCs.

Le rôle de l’armée juive dans la libération de Juifs en France 1942 - 1945

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 00007
Author(s):  
B Dewi Puspitaningrum ◽  
Airin Miranda
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
World War ◽  
French Army ◽  
German Occupation ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
The Status ◽  
Jews In France ◽  
State Of Israel ◽  
Second World

<p class="Keyword">Nazi Germany used Endlösung to persecute Jews during the Second World War, leading them to the Holocaust, known as “death”. During the German occupation in France, the status of the Jews was applied. Polonski reacted to the situation by establishing a Zionist resistance, Jewish Army, in January 1942. Their first visions were to create a state of Israel and save the Jews as much as they could. Although the members of the group are not numerous, they represented Israel and played an important role in the rescue of the Jews in France, also in Europe. Using descriptive methods and three aspects of historical research, this article shows that the Jewish Army has played an important role in safeguarding Jewish children, smuggling smugglers, physical education and the safeguarding of Jews in other countries. In order to realize their visions, collaborations with other Jewish resistances and the French army itself were often created. With the feeling of belonging to France, they finally extended their vision to the liberation of France in 1945 by joining the French Forces of the Interior and allied troops.</p>

B'nai B'rith on the European continent after World War Two

1992 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-126
Author(s):  
Hans Levy
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
The State ◽  
Jewish Organization ◽  
World War Two ◽  
World War ◽  
European Continent ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Of Israel ◽  
Second World

The focus of this paper is on the oldest international Jewish organization founded in 1843, B’nai B’rith. The paper presents a chronicle of B’nai B’rith in Continental Europe after the Second World War and the history of the organization in Scandinavia. In the 1970's the Order of B'nai B'rith became B'nai B'rith international. B'nai B'rith worked for Jewish unity and was supportive of the state of Israel.

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