Abiotic stresses induced physiological, biochemical, and molecular changes in <i>Betula platyphylla</i>: a review

Abiotic stress is one of the major factors in reducing plant growth, development, and yield production by interfering with various physiological, biochemical, and molecular functions. In particular, abiotic stress such as salt, low temperature, heat, drought, UV-radiation, elevated CO2, ozone, and heavy metals stress is the most frequent study in Sukaczev. is one of the most valuable tree species in East Asia facing abiotic stress during its life cycle. Using transgenic plants is a powerful tool to increase the abiotic stress tolerance. Generally, abiotic stress reduces leaves water content, plant height, fresh and dry weight, and enhances shed leaves as well. In the physiological aspect, salt, heavy metal, and osmotic stress disturbs seed germination, stomatal conductance, chlorophyll content, and photosynthesis. In the biochemical aspect, salt, drought, cold, heat, osmotic, UV-B radiation, and heavy metal stress increases the ROS production of cells, resulting in the enhancement of enzymatic antioxidant (SOD and POD) and non-enzymatic antioxidant (proline and AsA) to reduce the ROS accumulation. Meanwhile, upregulates various genes, as well as proteins to participate in abiotic stress tolerance. Based on recent studies, several transcription factors contribute to increasing abiotic stress tolerance in , including , and . These transcription factors bind to different cis-acting elements to upregulate abiotic stress-related genes, resulting in the enhancement of salt, drought, cold, heat, osmotic, UV-B radiation, and heavy metal tolerance. These genes along with phytohormones mitigate the abiotic stress. This review also highlights the candidate genes from another Betulacea family member that might be contributing to increasing abiotic stress tolerance.Betula platyphyllaBetula platyphyllaB. platyphyllaB. platyphyllaB. platyphyllaB. platyphyllaBplMYB46, BpMYB102, BpERF13, BpERF2, BpHOX2, BpHMG6, BpHSP9, BpUVR8, BpBZR1, BplERD15BpNACsB. platyphylla

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Abiotic Stress Responses in Plants: Potential Targets on Studying Heavy Metal Stress tolerance in Bryophytes

International Journal of Plant and Environment ◽

10.18811/ijpen.v3i.8446 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (01) ◽

pp. 41-51

Author(s):

Anjana Singh ◽

Rekha Tyagi ◽

Anjuli Sood ◽

P. L. Uniyal

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Abiotic Stress ◽

Stress Tolerance ◽

Stress Responses ◽

Metal Tolerance ◽

Heavy Metal Tolerance ◽

Heavy Metal Stress ◽

Experimental Models ◽

Metal Stress ◽

Common Elements

Pollution of the biosphere with heavy metals has phenomenally increased since the commencement of industrial revolution. It poses several environment and health concerns. High regeneration and metal accumulation capacity the possibility of genetic transformation by homologous recombination extend the candidature of bryophytes as promising experimental models for heavy metal stress tolerance studies. Plants use several abiotic stress pathways which share common elements that are potential “nodes” for cross talks. Common elements/ molecules, which are likely to occur early in several stress response cascades in bryophytes seem to be the potential targets for heavy metal tolerance studies that can be worked out in future, at biochemical, protein and gene level.

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Make Your Best - MYB Transcription Factors for Improving Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Crops

Improving Crop Resistance to Abiotic Stress ◽

10.1002/9783527632930.ch21 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 481-506 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Andrea Pitzschke

Keyword(s):

Transcription Factors ◽

Abiotic Stress ◽

Stress Tolerance ◽

Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽

Myb Transcription Factors

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Silicon-Mediated Enhancement of Heavy Metal Tolerance in Rice at Different Growth Stages

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph15102193 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (10) ◽

pp. 2193 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Fei Huang ◽

Xiao-Hui Wen ◽

Yi-Xia Cai ◽

Kun-Zheng Cai

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Metal Tolerance ◽

Heavy Metal Tolerance ◽

Membrane Integrity ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Photosynthetic Parameters ◽

Cell Membrane Integrity ◽

Zn Toxicity ◽

Different Growth Stages

Silicon (Si) plays important roles in alleviating heavy metal stress in rice plants. Here we investigated the physiological response of rice at different growth stages under the silicon-induced mitigation of cadmium (Cd) and zinc (Zn) toxicity. Si treatment increased the dry weight of shoots and roots and reduced the Cd and Zn concentrations in roots, stems, leaves and grains. Under the stress of exposure to Cd and Zn, photosynthetic parameters including the chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence decreased, while the membrane permeability and malondialdehyde (MDA) increased. Catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) activities increased under heavy metals stress, but superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities decreased. The magnitude of these Cd- and Zn-induced changes was mitigated by Si-addition at different growth stages. The available Cd concentration increased in the soil but significantly decreased in the shoots, which suggested that Si treatment prevents Cd accumulation through internal mechanisms by limiting Cd2+ uptake by the roots. Overall, the phenomena of Si-mediated alleviation of Cd and excess Zn toxicity in two rice cultivars could be due to the limitation of metal uptake and transport, resulting in an improvement in cell membrane integrity, photosynthetic performance and anti-oxidative enzyme activities after Si treatment.

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Genome wide identification of NAC transcription factors and their role in abiotic stress tolerance in Chenopodium quinoa

10.1101/693093 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nouf Owdah Alshareef ◽

Elodie Rey ◽

Holly Khoury ◽

Mark Tester ◽

Sandra M. Schmöckel

Keyword(s):

Transcription Factor ◽

Transcription Factors ◽

Abiotic Stress ◽

Stress Tolerance ◽

Abiotic Stresses ◽

Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽

Chenopodium Quinoa ◽

Phosphate Starvation ◽

Water Deficiency ◽

Genome Wide

AbstractChenopodium quinoa Willd. (quinoa) is a pseudocereal with high nutritional value and relatively high tolerance to several abiotic stresses, including water deficiency and salt stress, making it a suitable plant for the study of mechanisms of abiotic stress tolerance. NAC (NAM, ATAF and CUC) transcription factors are involved in a range of plant developmental processes and in the response of plants to biotic and abiotic stresses. In the present study, we perform a genome-wide comprehensive analysis of the NAC transcription factor gene family in quinoa. In total, we identified 107 quinoa NAC transcription factor genes, distributed equally between sub-genomes A and B. They are phylogenetically clustered into two major groups and 18 subgroups. Almost 75% of the identified CqNAC genes were duplicated two to seven times and the remaining 25% of the CqNAC genes were found as a single copy. We analysed the transcriptional responses of the identified quinoa NAC TF genes in response to various abiotic stresses. The transcriptomic data revealed 28 stress responsive CqNAC genes, where their expression significantly changed in response to one or more abiotic stresses, including salt, water deficiency, heat and phosphate starvation. Among these stress responsive NACs, some were previously known to be stress responsive in other species, indicating their potentially conserved function in response to abiotic stress across plant species. Six genes were differentially expressed specifically in response to phosphate starvation but not to other stresses, and these genes may play a role in controlling plant responses to phosphate deficiency. These results provide insights into quinoa NACs that could be used in the future for genetic engineering or molecular breeding.

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Assessing salt-stress tolerance in barley

Universitas Scientiarum ◽

10.11144/javeriana.sc24-1.asst ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 91-109

Author(s):

Rajeswari Somasundaram ◽

Neeru Sood ◽

Gokhale Trupti Swarup ◽

Ramachandran Subramanian

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Abiotic Stress ◽

Stress Tolerance ◽

Crop Yields ◽

Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Cereal Crops ◽

Plant Responses ◽

Physiological Changes ◽

Salt Stress Tolerance

Identifying naturally existing abiotic-stress tolerant accessions in cereal crops is central to understanding plant responses toward sstress. Salinity is an abiotic stressor that limits crop yields. Salt stress triggers major physiological changes in plants, but individual plants may perform differently under salt stress. In the present study, 112 barley accessions were grown under controlled salt stress conditions (1 Sm-1 salinity) until harvest. The accessions were then analyzed for set of agronomic and physiological traits. Under salt stress, less than 5 % of the assessed accessions (CIHO6969, PI63926, PI295960, and PI531867) displayed early flowering. Only two (< 2 %) of the accessions (PI327671 and PI383011) attained higher fresh and dry weight, and a better yield under salt stress. Higher K+/Na+ ratios were maintained by four accessions PI531999, PI356780, PI452343, and PI532041. These top-performing accessions constitute naturally existing variants within barley’s gene pool that will be instrumental to deepen our understanding of abiotic-stress tolerance in crops.

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The Role of Stress-Responsive Transcription Factors in Modulating Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10060788 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 788 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Youngdae Yoon ◽

Deok Hyun Seo ◽

Hoyoon Shin ◽

Hui Jin Kim ◽

Chul Min Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Transcription Factors ◽

Abiotic Stress ◽

Stress Tolerance ◽

Stress Responses ◽

Abiotic Stresses ◽

Crop Production ◽

Global Climate ◽

Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽

Plant Responses ◽

Plant Tolerance

Abiotic stresses, such as drought, high temperature, and salinity, affect plant growth and productivity. Furthermore, global climate change may increase the frequency and severity of abiotic stresses, suggesting that development of varieties with improved stress tolerance is critical for future sustainable crop production. Improving stress tolerance requires a detailed understanding of the hormone signaling and transcriptional pathways involved in stress responses. Abscisic acid (ABA) and jasmonic acid (JA) are key stress-response hormones in plants, and some stress-responsive transcription factors such as ABFs and MYCs function as direct components of ABA and JA signaling, playing a pivotal role in plant tolerance to abiotic stress. In addition, extensive studies have identified other stress-responsive transcription factors belonging to the NAC, AP2/ERF, MYB, and WRKY families that mediate plant response and tolerance to abiotic stress. These suggest that transcriptional regulation of stress-responsive genes is an essential step to determine the mechanisms underlying plant stress responses and tolerance to abiotic stress, and that these transcription factors may be important targets for development of crops with enhanced abiotic stress tolerance. In this review, we briefly describe the mechanisms underlying plant abiotic stress responses, focusing on ABA and JA metabolism and signaling pathways. We then summarize the diverse array of transcription factors involved in plant responses to abiotic stress, while noting their potential applications for improvement of stress tolerance.

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