scholarly journals Profiles of patients with urinary incontinence in the Department of Child Health, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Eveline P N ◽  
Taralan Tambunan ◽  
Sri Rezeki S Hadinegoro
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Stable Condition ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Posterior Urethral Valve ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Common Etiology ◽  
Urethral Valve ◽  
Tract Infections

Background Urinary incontinence (UI) in children is a form ofwetting. Early diagnosis and treatment are mandatory to avoidcomplications such as recurrent urinary tract infections (UTI),vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), or renal damage.Objective To study the profiles and clinical course of UI in chil-dren treated in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital.Methods The study was divided into 2 parts. The first part was areview of patients with UI at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital fromJanuary 2000 to December 2003. The second was a case seriesof patients followed up for at least 6 months.Results There were 35 UI patients aged 3 months to 16 years,mostly between 1 to 5 years old, 16 were males and 19 females.The most prevalent etiology was myelodysplasia (15 cases) fol-lowed by posterior urethral valve, and bladder tumor. The mostprominent clinical presentation of neurophatic bladder-sphincterdysfunction was wetting, while those of patients with structural in-continence and non-neuropathic bladder-sphincter dysfunctionwere fever and polakysuria. Most patients had been suffering fromrenal insufficiency since their first visit. Clean intermittent catheter-ization (CIC) was the treatment of choice. In a six-month follow-upof 14 patients who received adequate treatment, renal functioncould be maintained at relatively stable condition in most cases.Conclusions Myelodysplasia was the most common etiology ofUI. Most patients had renal insufficiency or renal failure since theirfirst visit, reflecting a extended period of relapse before patientsseek medical help. Renal function can be maintained by adequatetreatment in most cases

scholarly journals Antenatally Diagnosed Posterior Urethral Valve: A Case Report

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-45
Author(s):  
Mahzabeen Islam ◽  
Masudur Rahman ◽  
Sankar Narayan Dey ◽  
Netay Kumer Sharma ◽  
Mir Naz Farzana
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Antenatal Diagnosis ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Obstructive Uropathy ◽  
Lower Abdominal Pain ◽  
Posterior Urethral Valve ◽  
Caesarian Section ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Obstructive Lesion ◽  
Urethral Valve

Posterior urethral valve (PUV) are the most common congenital obstructive lesion of the urethra and a common cause of obstructive uropathy in infancy. Clinical presentation depends on the severity of the obstruction. In case of severe obstruction, the diagnosis is usually made antenatally. Here, we present a case of antenatally diagnosed PUV of a fetus of a lady in her 9th month of pregnancy with mild lower abdominal pain for several hours. On ultrasound (US) examination, we found 36.5±2 weeks of pregnancy with mild to moderate oligohydramnios. Fetal urinary bladder was over distended; both the kidneys were grossly hydronephrotic and PUV like echo lucent area was seen at the prostatic region (Key hole sign). Emergency caesarian section (CS) was done and US of the baby showed typical US finding of PUV. The prognosis of antenatal diagnosis of PUV in early pregnancy is poor. But in this case due to the late onset of symptoms and as immediate necessary steps were taken, the baby was totally cured. This case was reported to aware about importance of antenatal anomaly scan and to share our experience. CBMJ 2016 January: Vol. 05 No. 01 P: 42-45

scholarly journals Outcome of Cold Knife Incision Compared to Diathermy Fulguration in Posterior Urethral Valve

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-127
Author(s):  
Mohan Khadka ◽  
AKM Anwarul Islam ◽  
Isteaq Ahmed Shameem ◽  
ASM Shafiul Azam ◽  
Md Golam Mowla Choudhury
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Maximum Flow ◽  
Posterior Urethral Valve ◽  
Urinary Flow ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Urethral Valve ◽  
Cold Knife ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Posterior urethral valves are the most common cause of congenital obstructive lesion in the newborns and infant male child, occurring at the distal portion of the prostatic urethra. Diathermy fulguration of valve is one of the commonest modalities which has been practiced by Pediatric Urologist since decades where success rate ranging from 50-70%. Despite high success rate, post-operative complications like hematuria, urinary tract infections, urinary incontinence, retention of urine, residual valve and urethral stricture may develop in significant number of patients. Incision of the posterior urethral valve by cold knife is one of the modalities in the recent years with insignificant complications and good outcome with success rate ranging from 70-90%. Objective: To compare the efficacy of the cold knife with the diathermy fulguration in the management of the posterior urethral valve. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in Urology Department of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh from 1st January 2017 till 1st September 2018. A total 48 patients, diagnosed as a case of PUV and who fulfill the selection criteria were divided randomly by simple lottery method into 2 groups consisting of 24 patients in each group. Valve ablation was performed under standard aseptic condition according to groups. Patients were followed up at 3 and 6 months of initial intervention. They were re-evaluated during the follow up with history, clinical examination and investigation findings. Their subjective outcome and objective findings were assessed and compared in between the two groups. Results: There was no significant difference in the age distribution in between the groups (p= 0.083). Within the group, all the variable parameters were significantly improved prior and after the intervention. But, in between the groups, after 6 months of intervention, there was no difference in improvement of urinary flow(p=0.695). Incontinence of urine was not significant (p=1.000). The drop of mean serum creatinine level was not significant (p=0.530). Decrease in Mean PVR was not significant (p=0.684). Maximum flow rate was not significantly improved (p= 0.255). Peri catheter bleeding and residual valve were not significant. Stricture urethra was not found in any patient in both groups. Conclusion: Comparing the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that cold knife incision is equally effective in comparison to diathermy fulguration in the management of posterior urethral valve. Bangladesh Journal of Urology, Vol. 22, No. 2, July 2019 p.118-127

Spontaneous bladder rupture secondary to posterior urethral valves in a boy with Down syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. e240857
Author(s):  
Massimo Garriboli ◽  
Shimaa Ibrahim ◽  
Joanna Clothier
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Posterior Urethral Valve ◽  
Posterior Urethral Valves ◽  
Bladder Rupture ◽  
Suprapubic Catheter ◽  
Spontaneous Bladder Rupture ◽  
History Of ◽  
Urethral Valve ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Incomplete Bladder Emptying

We describe a case of a 3-year-old boy with Down syndrome who developed a bladder rupture as a consequence of an undiagnosed posterior urethral valve (PUV). He had a history of urinary tract infections and constipation and was acutely admitted in poor condition and underwent laparotomy that revealed peritoneal sepsis secondary to bladder perforation. Bladder was drained using a suprapubic catheter and the condition of the boy gradually improved. Once stable, a cystourethroscopy confirmed the presence of PUV. Video-urodynamic studies performed at the check cystoscopy showed the bladder to be of reduced compliance (end fill pressure at 100 mL fill 30 cmH2O) with raised voiding pressures (76–100 cmH2O) and significant incomplete bladder emptying. Currently, the patient is doing very well, serum creatinine has normalised, he is infection-free and thriving; his bladder is managed with a vesicostomy.

Clinical and Radiological Changes after use of Alpha-1 Blocker Therapy in Patients of Posterior Urethral Valve with Bladder Neck Hypertrophy

JMS SKIMS ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Aejaz A Baba ◽  
Bajpai Minu
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Neck ◽  
Posterior Urethral Valve ◽  
Posterior Urethral Valves ◽  
Blocker Therapy ◽  
Urethral Valve ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Radiological Changes ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Group 1

Background: We evaluated the effects of alpha-1 blocker therapy on clinical and radiological abnormalities in patients of posterior urethral valve with bladder neck hypertrophy. Materials and Methods: A total of 74 patients with posterior urethral valves were seen at our department between 2003 and 2007. Out of these 24 had radiological evidence of bladder neck hypertrophy. Those patients with bladder neck hypertrophy who were seen before June 2006 and did not receive alpha-1 blocker (prazocin) therapy after valve ablation were assigned to group 1 (n=10). Group 2 consisted of 14 age matched patients with bladder neck hypertrophy and comparable prognostic factors who received alpha-1 blocker therapy after valve ablation (n=14). Micturating cystourethrography (MCU) was done periodically and a novel method used to calculate bladder neck hypertrophy. Trends in symptoms and radiological changes were evaluated throughout follow-up. Results: Mean patient age at presentation was 3.02±2.68 years in group 1 and 3.12±3.4 years in group 2. Bladder neck hypertrophy decreased from 2.3±1.0 to 2.0±0.5 in a mean time of 52.0 (34-52) weeks in group 1 where as it decreased from 2.2±0.5 to 1.6±0.3 in a mean time of 32.0 (22-52) weeks. Symptomatically patients in group 2 who received alpha-1 blocker therapy after valve ablation were better and had quick resolution of bladder neck hypertrophy. Conclusions: Use of alpha-1 blocker therapy in patients of posterior urethral valve with bladder neck hypertrophy helps in quick resolution of bladder neck hypertrophy. J Med Sci 2009;12(1):3-7.

Outcome of posterior urethral valve in 64 children: a single center's 22-year experience

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehtap Ezel Çelakil ◽  
Zelal Ekinci ◽  
Burcu Bozkaya Yücel ◽  
Nazım Mutlu ◽  
Ayla Günlemez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posterior Urethral Valve ◽  
Urethral Valve

The Incidence of Overactive Bladder (OAB) in KIA Poly Patients at Pauh Health Center in Padang City Using Overactive Bladder Symptoms Score (OABSS)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
Bobby Indra Utama ◽  
Widayat Widayat ◽  
Berriandi Arwan
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Overactive Bladder ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Symptom Scores ◽  
Bladder Symptom ◽  
Bladder Symptoms ◽  
Tract Infections

Objective : This study looked at the incidence of overactive bladder (OAB) in KIA poly patients at Pauh Health Center in Padang City using Overactive Bladder Symptomps Score (OABSS).Method : This research is descriptive. The sampling technique was purposive sampling by considering inclusion and exclusion criteria. The inclusion criteria were women of ideal reproductive age (20-35 years) who had given birth spontaneously, were not pregnant, did not suffer from neurological disorders, diabetes, post bladder surgery and or urinary tract infections and were not treated with Overactive Bladder (OAB), while the exclusion criteria are not willing to take part in the study. The study was carried out at the KIA Poly of Pauh City Health Center in Padang during January 2019. The variable in this study was Overactive Bladder (OAB).Result : In this study, 97.22% of respondents experienced complaints of overactive bladder (OAB), (97.14%) experienced an urgent complaint, and only a small percentage (2.86%) of respondents experienced urinary incontinence. The results of this study indicate that respondents who did not experience complaints of overactive bladder (OAB) were respondents with the smallest parity (parity 1).Conclusion : Most respondents experienced complaints of overactive bladder (OAB) and urgency, and only a small proportion of respondents experienced urinary incontinence. The results of this study indicate that respondents who did not experience complaints of overactive bladder (OAB) were respondents with the smallest parity (parity 1).Keywords : overactive bladder (OAB), Urgensi,inkontinensia urin, Overactive Bladder Symptom Scores (OABSS).

scholarly journals Cardiovascular involvement in alpha-n-acetyl neuraminidase deficiency syndromes (sialidosis type I and II)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Priyanka Prasanna ◽  
Chenni S. Sriram ◽  
Sarah H. Rodriguez ◽  
Utkarsh Kohli
Keyword(s):  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Ventricular Dysfunction ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Autosomal Recessive Disorder ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Type I ◽  
Neonatal Onset ◽  
Cardiovascular Involvement

Abstract Sialidosis, a rare autosomal recessive disorder, is caused by a deficiency of NEU1 encoded enzyme alpha-N-acetyl neuraminidase. We report a premature male with neonatal-onset type II sialidosis which was associated with left ventricular dysfunction. The clinical presentation and subsequent progression which culminated in his untimely death at 16 months of age are succinctly described. Early-onset cardiovascular involvement as noted in this patient is not well characterised. The case report is supplemented by a comprehensive review of the determinants, characteristics, and the clinical course of cardiovascular involvement in this rare condition.

scholarly journals Prognosis and treatment of 46 Chinese pediatric cystic fibrosis patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qionghua Chen ◽  
Yuelin Shen ◽  
Hui Xu ◽  
Xiaolei Tang ◽  
Haiming Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Sputum Production ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Lost To Follow Up

Abstract Background Since public awareness of cystic fibrosis (CF) has increased, more children have been diagnosed with CF in China. This study aimed to investigate medical and other challenges faced by pediatric CF patients in China. Method Treatments and treatment outcomes were retrospectively analyzed for 46 pediatric CF patients diagnosed from August 2009 to June 2019. Pre- and post-treatment results were compared using independent samples t-test. Results Of 46 pediatric CF study patients, four died and five were lost to follow-up. Thirty-seven patients were monitored for 0.03 to 9.21 years; patients exhibited fewer attacks of respiratory tract infections after diagnosis (4.49 ± 2.13 episodes/year before diagnosis vs 1.97 ± 1.87 times/year after 1-year treatment, p < 0.05), significantly reduced sputum production and experienced 1.62 ± 1.71 exacerbations/year. Patient mean body mass index was 16.87 ± 3.53 and pancreatic malfunction persisted in 15 patients. For 17 children, no significant differences in lung function were found at follow-up as compared to lung function at diagnosis (FEV1: 82.45% ± 16.56% vs 75.26% ± 22.34%, FVC: 87.18% ± 13.64% vs 86.99% ± 19.95%, FEF75%: 46.51% ± 28.78% vs 36.63% ± 24.30%, P = 0.27, 0.97, 0.20, respectively). Pseudomonas aeruginosa (17/27) and bronchiectasis (22/22) were found during follow-up evaluation. Twenty-four patients (64.8%) maintained good adherence to therapies. Overall, azithromycin and tobramycin treatments were administered for 0.5–62 months and 0.5–48 months, respectively, and triggered no obvious adverse reactions. Conclusion No obvious declines in clinical presentation or lung function were found in Chinese pediatric CF patients after receiving standard therapeutic and active treatments, although malnutrition and low compliance were persistent challenges.

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