scholarly journals Matoniaceous ferns preserved in growth position in Lower Jurassic dune sandstones of the Holy Cross Mountains (Poland)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Pacyna
Keyword(s):  
Lower Jurassic ◽  
Holy Cross Mountains

scholarly journals A palaeoenvironmental reconstruction based on palynological analyses of Upper Triassic and Lower Jurassic sediments from the Holy Cross Mountains region

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Krupnik ◽  
Jadwiga Ziaja ◽  
Maria Barbacka ◽  
Anna Feldman-Olszewska ◽  
Agata Jarzynka
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Lower Jurassic ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Upper Triassic ◽  
Dinoflagellate Cysts ◽  
Palaeoenvironmental Reconstruction ◽  
Holy Cross Mountains ◽  
Ecological Types ◽  
Foraminiferal Test

ABSTRACT The material for this study was taken from various sites in the Holy Cross Mountains: Studzianna, Huta OP-1 and Przysucha P-3 (bore cores), and Odrowąż (geological outcrop). Palynological and palynofacial analyses were used to reconstruct the Upper Triassic and Lower Jurassic vegetation and palaeoenvironment of that area. Samples from all the sites are characterised by having majority of terrestrial particles. The slides were dominated by translucent phytoclasts and small opaque phytoclasts. Pollen grains and spores were also present. The presence of marine palynomorphs was not confirmed in the samples from any of the sites, dinoflagellate cysts did not occur, and there were no foraminiferal test linings. The Sporomorph EcoGroup (SEG) model (Abbink 1998) was applied to characterise the ecological types of the plant assemblages. The most frequently occurring sporomorphs were assigned to Upland, Lowland and River SEGs. Stratigraphical changes in each of the SEGs indicate differences in climatic conditions. The floristic composition of the Studzianna, Huta and Odrowąż localities inferred from sporomorphs differs somewhat from the composition reconstructed from macroremains.

Polish clayey raw materials for the production of ceramic tiles

Clay Minerals ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 497-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Wyszomirski ◽  
K. Galos
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Lower Jurassic ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
Northern Margin ◽  
Holy Cross Mountains

AbstractDevelopment of the Polish ceramic industry over the last ten years has resulted in a sharp increase in demand for basic raw materials, especially for ceramic clays – both white- and light-firing as well as red-firing varieties. Polish sources of white-firing clays are rather scarce. Their production is based on Santonian sandy-clayey sediments of the North-Sudetic Trough (Lower Silesia, SW Poland). Light-firing varieties occur mainly in Lower Jurassic sediments on the northern margin of the Holy Cross Mountains (central Poland). Red-firing well-sintering clays of Triassic age are known in the northern margin of the Holy Cross Mountains as well as in the Cracow-Silesian Monocline.The white-firing Santonian clays contain mainly highly-ordered kaolinite (~50%) and quartz (~30%) with minor amounts of illite. Their grain-size median ranges between 1.9 and 2.5 μm. They show moderate plasticity (bending strength after drying at 1.7–1.9 MPa) and weak sinterability (water absorption after firing ~12%), but greater lightness after firing (L parameter ~86%). The light-firing Jurassic clays are kaolinitic-illitic in character, with a variable content of quartz. Kaolinite is represented by the low-ordered variety. The grain-size median is also variable, ranging between 1.1 and 3.4 μm. They show good plasticity (bending strength after drying 2.6–2.8 MPa), good or very good sinterability (water absorption after firing <6%) but moderate lightness (L ~79%).Triassic red clays are highly polymineralic, with illite, kaolinite, smectite, chlorite and mixed-layered minerals occurring in variable amounts. Their specific features are: large hematite content (5–12%), commonly small CaO content (<0.5 wt.%) and an extremely small organic matter content (⩽0.1 wt.%). Their grain-size median usually varies between 2 and 3 mm. Using such clays, sintered ceramics (e.g. stoneware tiles) are obtained after firing in the temperature range 1150–1200ºC.

scholarly journals Matoniaceous ferns from the Lower Jurassic strata of the Holy Cross Mountains (SE Poland). Revision of historical specimens and description of some new materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-121
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Pacyna
Keyword(s):  
Lower Jurassic ◽  
Early Jurassic ◽  
Polish Academy ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Holy Cross Mountains ◽  
Se Poland ◽  
Geological Institute ◽  
The Family ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

Ferns from the family Matoniaceae are characteristic but not very numerous elements of Early Jurassic floras of the Holy Cross Mountains. Based on historical specimens from the Geological Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences, only partly published by Raciborski and Makarewiczówna, and a new collection gathered recently from the Gromadzice outcrop, two taxa are here recognised: Matonia braunii and Phlebopteris angustiloba, of which only P. angustiloba is rather frequent. Both species are represented by sterile and fertile specimens well comparable with historical and recently published material of these species from Greenland, Germany and Sweden. Specimens referred by Raciborski to Laccopteris elegans (illegitimate name) do not belong to Matoniaceae.

scholarly journals Critical review of research on the Lower Jurassic flora of Poland

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Pacyna
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Plant Macrofossils ◽  
Lower Jurassic ◽  
Holy Cross Mountains ◽  
Plant Remains ◽  
New Material ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Drill Cores

ABSTRACT The Lower Jurassic plant macrofossils of Poland are poorly known. Relatively rich sources of fossils are found in only a few outcrops in the Holy Cross Mountains. Other described plant remains come from drill cores taken from most areas of Poland, but as a rule these are single specimens. The only professional descriptions of Lower Jurassic macroflora are papers by Raciborski, Makarewiczówna, and a team of researchers consisting of Reymanówna, Barbacka, Ziaja, and Wcisło-Luraniec. Raciborski’s fossil collection is still available for research and revision. Such work is in progress. The collection described by Makarewiczówna contained many interesting specimens but unfortunately the majority of them are now missing. Stratigraphic research by geologists has provided some new specimens from drill cores and outcrops in the Holy Cross Mountains but these have not been subjected to detailed palaeobotanical analysis. The palynology of the Lower Jurassic was focused on biostratigraphy from the outset of that research. As an outcome it provided spore-pollen and megaspore zonations for Lower Jurassic strata in Poland. The Polish Lower Jurassic flora is comprised of ferns (very numerous), lycopsids, sphenopsids, cycadaleans, bennettitaleans, gnetaleans, ginkgoaleans, and conifers. This flora is taxonomically poorer than the equally old and geographically close floras of Denmark, Sweden, and Germany. Macrofloristic data have been used by geologists as an important source of information for assessing the age of Lower Jurassic formations, particularly in the Holy Cross Mountains. Hence the need for the old collections to be taxonomically revised and for new material from outcrops and drill cores to be examined and described.

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