scholarly journals C-/O-GLYCOSYL FLAVONES OF SILENE ITALICA

2019 ◽  
pp. 119-127
Author(s):  
Daniil Nikolayevich Olennikov ◽  
Nina Igorevna Kashchenko ◽  
Nadezhda Konstantinovna Chirikova
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Diode Array ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Detection ◽  
Chemical Research ◽  
The Family ◽  
Array Detection ◽  
Genus Silene ◽  
First Time

Chemical research of Silene genus focused on the study of terpene compounds including ecdysteroids and triterpenoids, to the detriment of other classes of compounds. One of these poorly estimated group of substances are flavonoids, namely C-/O-glycosyl flavones, widely represented within the family Caryophyllaceae. Early studies revealed the presence of some C-glycosyl flavones (Zemtsova, Dzhumyrko, 1976; Darmogray, 1977), but a detailed study of the flavonoids was not conducted. Application of high performance chromatography with diode-array detection and electrospray ionization mass-spectrometry detection (HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS) allowed to found 14 flavonoids, which are C-, O- and C,O-glycosyl flavones in the aerial part of S. italica of Georgia origin. Ten components were discovered in S. italica for first time. The identified C-glycosides included monoglycosides as isoorientin, isovitexin, isoscoparin (chrysoeryol-6-C-glucoside) and diglycosides as carlinoside (luteolin-6-C-glucoside-8-C-arabinoside), schaftoside (apigenin-6-C-glucoside-8-C-arabinoside), isoschaftoside (luteolin-6-C-arabinoside-8-C-glucoside) and genkwanin-6-C-glucoside-8-C-arabinoside. Two O-glycosides, cosmosiin and cynaroside, and mixed C,O-glycosides as saponarin, isovitexin-2′′-O-arabinoside, isovitexin-6′′-O-arabinoside and O-hexosides od schaftosude and genkwanin-6-C-glucoside- 8-C-arabinoside were not previously identified in Silene genus. The known literature data (Mamadalieva et al., 2014) and the present data demonstrate the useful role of C-/O-glycosyl flavones in the systematics of the genus Silene.

scholarly journals ECDYSTEROIDS OF SILENE ITALICA: GLYCOSIDIC AND NONGLYCOSIDIC COMPONENTS AND HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS PROFILE

2019 ◽  
pp. 135-147
Author(s):  
Daniil Nikolayevich Olennikov ◽  
Nina Igorevna Kashchenko
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Diode Array ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Diode Array Detection ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Detection ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Esi Ms ◽  
Array Detection ◽  
First Time ◽  
Derivatives Of

  Silene italica (L.) Pers. is a species of Caryophyllaceae family which introduced samples contain ecdysteroids that was previously shown (Meng et al., 2001). In this paper, the composition of ecdysteroids of wild-growing S. italica was shown. Using high performance chromatography with diode-array detection and electrospray ionization mass-spectrometry detection (HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS) twenty-two compounds assigned to the ecdysteroid group. The non-glycoside components of S. italica were included twelve compounds and integristerone A, 26-hydroxyintegristerone A, 22-deoxyintegristerone A, 2-deoxyintegristerone A, and 2-deoxypolypodine B were identified for the first time. Ten compounds were characterized as ecdysteroid monoglycosides containing hexose fragment as a carbohydrate part. Trer were derivatives of 20-hydroxyecdysone, polypodine B, ecdysone and 2-deoxypolypodine B. For the first time, the presence of 22-deoxyintegristerone A hexoside non-detected in plant objects was found. Comparative analysis of the ecdysteroids composition of S. italica and well studied species S. italica spp. nemoralis (Báthori et al., 2000, 2002, 2004; Pongrácz et al., 2003; Simon et al., 2002) indicates their proximity. Quantitative analysis of five ecdysteroid content in the organs of S. italica showed that they were unevenly distributed in the plant. The concentration of 20-hydroxyecdysone was 0.10–32.12 mg/g and the total ecdysteroids content was 0.10–40.92 mg/g of dry plant weight. In general, it should be noted that the ability to produce and accumulate ecdysteroids was also observed for the wild samples of S. italica, which cultural samples was noted as ecdysteroid concentrator.

scholarly journals Stereochemistry of Astaxanthin Biosynthesis in the Marine Harpacticoid Copepod Tigriopus Californicus

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 506
Author(s):  
Alfonso Prado-Cabrero ◽  
Ganjar Saefurahman ◽  
John M. Nolan
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Harpacticoid Copepod ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Diode Array ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Tigriopus Californicus ◽  
Nutritional Profile ◽  
Array Detection ◽  
First Time ◽  
Feeding Sources

The harpacticoid copepod Tigriopus californicus has been recognized as a model organism for the study of marine pollutants. Furthermore, the nutritional profile of this copepod is of interest to the aquafeed industry. Part of this interest lies in the fact that Tigriopus produces astaxanthin, an essential carotenoid in salmonid aquaculture. Here, we study for the first time the stereochemistry of the astaxanthin produced by this copepod. We cultured T. californicus with different feeding sources and used chiral high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) to determine that T. californicus synthesizes pure 3S,3’S-astaxanthin. Using meso-zeaxanthin as feed, we found that the putative ketolase enzyme from T. californicus can work with β-rings with either 3R- or 3S-oriented hydroxyl groups. Despite this ability, experiments in the presence of hydroxylated and non-hydroxylated carotenoids suggest that T. californicus prefers to use the latter to produce 3S,3’S-astaxanthin. We suggest that the biochemical tools described in this work can be used to study the mechanistic aspects of the recently identified avian ketolase.

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