scholarly journals ON PRESSING ISSUES OF CRIMINAL LEGAL PROTECTION OF CREDITORS AT THE STAGE OF EXECUTION OF JUDICIAL ACTS ON THE COLLECTION OF ACCOUNTS PAYABLE

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
K.Y. Sasykin
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Judicial Practice ◽  
Procedure Code ◽  
Accounts Payable ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Criminal Legislation

In the article, the author examines the problem of criminal legal protection of creditors’ rights fromcrimes associated with malicious evasion by debtors from paying off accounts payable, for the commissionof which liability is provided under Article 177 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The author emphasizes that the norm of the article was introduced in 1996 together with the adoptionof the code and the disposition did not undergo changes over the next twenty-five years, remaininginsufficiently regulated. It is indicated with reference to judicial practice on the problem of the objective sideof the corpus delicti of this crime, which contains ambiguous evaluative signs.The author, based on the analysis of the article of the considered norm and a number of doctrinal pointsof view, concluded that the norm is subject to change with the “removal” of the controversial terminologyfrom the disposition. The author proposes a revision of the norm and, as an example, provides a similarprovision on liability from the criminal legislation of the Republic of Belarus.Also, based on the analysis of articles 144–145 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federationand taking into account the practice and doctrinal points of view, attention is focused on the need, in additionto substantive changes, changes and procedural norms of domestic legislation, namely, on the need totransform the stage existing in the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation initiation of a criminalcase as hindering the timely detection and investigation of this type of crime.

scholarly journals ISSUES OF JUDICIAL ORGANIZATION AND JURISDICTION OF COURTS OF FIRST INSTANCE IN THE REPUBLIC OF ESTONIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rinat R. Akhmetzakirov ◽  
Idris M. Gilmanov ◽  
Muhamat M. Gilmanov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Political Rights ◽  
Criminal Courts ◽  
Procedure Code ◽  
Independent Form ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic

The United Nations obliges the national legislator to pay particular attention to issues of jurisdiction through the International Documents. These obligations are specified in clause 1 of Article 14 of the Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and in clause 1 of Article 6 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. It is the duty of states to guarantee rights to a fair public hearing by a competent court without delay. Jurisdiction issues, i.e. competencies of criminal courts in the Russian Federation, are regulated by Article 31 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation. The rules of this article are of great importance. Thus, the fulfillment of the requirements of Article 31 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation consists in the fact that if the rules of this article are violated, this automatically leads to the sentence cancellation and the re-examination of the criminal case.  Similar serious attention is paid to the legislator of the Republic of Estonia. The legal system of this country is part of the Romano-German legal family, having peculiar differences. In order to alleviate the workload of the courts of first instance, offenses were singled out in the Criminal Code as an independent form of punishment, and the simplified (summary) proceedings were also stipulated for application.

scholarly journals Issues of Jurisdiction and Simplified Proceedings of the Republic of Armenia

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Laysan R. Yaminova ◽  
Idris M. Gilmanov ◽  
Muhamat M. Gilmanov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Political Rights ◽  
Trial Courts ◽  
Procedure Code ◽  
Red Tape ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic

The legislator of Armenia is actively working on the planned implementation of the UN International Document requirements. In particular, to ensure guarantees of citizen rights to a fair public hearing by a competent court without delay and red tape. This follows from the article 14, paragraph 1 of the Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the article 6, paragraph 1 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. The legal system of Armenia is the part of the Romano-German legal family, but with distinctive features. In our opinion, in order to alleviate the workload of the trial courts, the Article 19 of the Criminal Code of the RA “Categories of Crimes” needs to have misconduct as an independent form. For the same purpose, it is necessary to provide for simplified (total) production in the CPC of this country, which, unfortunately, is absent in current legislation. For developments in these areas, you can analyze the article 15 of Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation. The jurisdiction of criminal courts in Russia is regulated by the article 31 of Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation. Violation of this article rules leads to the annulment of the sentence and a criminal case re-examination.

INTERNATIONAL PROTECTION OF THE SPHERE OF BLOCKCHAIN FUNCTIONING AGAINST CRIMINAL OFFENCES: LANDSCAPE, DYNAMICS AND PERSPECTIVES

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 133-138
Author(s):  
SONA MKRTCHIAN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
International Protection ◽  
Criminal Offense ◽  
Telecommunications Network ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Legislation

The purpose of the research is to identify the most successful ideas and legal techniques used in international law regarding regulations of defense against criminal offences in the sphere of cybersecurity, as well as blockchain functioning and cryptocurrency turnover. Results. On the basis of the positive international experience in regulating the criminal legal protection of relations in the last-mentioned sphere, the following directions for improving Russian criminal legislation were formulated: 1) fixation of the fair limits of the criminal administrative liability for defendant in reliance on the level of public danger of his personality and his offences; 2) creation of the formally defined crimes against computer information; 3) criminalization of some actions that precede cybercrimes; 4) expansion in the number of the mentioning of the sign "by interfering in the functioning of the resources of the storing, processing or transmitting computer information or data telecommunications network" as an essential or aggravating elements of crimes, typically committed with the use of information technologies (for example, in the articles number 133, 134, 135, 137, 138, 139, 146, 147, 163, 165, 240, 240.1, 241 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, etc.); 5) expansion in the number of the elements of crimes combined in the chapter 28 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, in reliance on the modern criminal schemes and typical criminal situations in the world of information technology; 6) expansion of the effect of the article number 274.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation on any criminal offense to the critical information infrastructure of the Russian Federation and inclusion of the additional aggravating elements in the text of this article.

Criminal-Legal Characteristics of Encroachment on the Health, Personal Integrity, Honor and Dignity of a Representative of the Authorities

2021 ◽  
pp. 96-103
Author(s):  
N. Yu. Borzunova ◽  
O. S. Matorina ◽  
E. P. Letunova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Personal Integrity ◽  
Judicial Practice ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Criminal Legislation

The authors of the article consider the criminal- legal characteristics of crimes against representatives of the authorities, in particular, encroachment with the purpose of causing harm to the health, personal integrity, honor and dignity of a representative of the authorities. The definition of the term “representative of the authorities”is given. The main characteristics of a representative of the government are analyzed. Statistical data on the number of convictions and types of punishments in accordance with the provisions of articles of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation (Articles 318, 319) are summarized. Examples of judicial practice are considered. The ways of improving the criminal legislation are proposed.

To the Matter of Procedural and Legal Problems of Detaining a Person on Suspicion of Committing a Crime

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.V. Bolshakov ◽  
◽  
I.D. Nazarov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
Criminal Case ◽  
Judicial Practice ◽  
Procedure Code ◽  
Legal Nature ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Moment

The subject of the research within the framework of the article is the criminal procedure institute for the detention of a person on suspicion of committing a crime. The legal nature of this institution is analyzed, and comments are given on the normative legal acts and judicial practice regulating the issues of detention. The theoretical basis of the research is based on the publications of the last two decades on this problem, in particular, reflecting the discussion of the process scientists S. A. Shafer, S. B. Rossinsky and A. A. Tarasov, the subject of which was the issue of the legal nature of a suspect detention in a criminal case. In the paper, the authors ask the following questions: What is the detention of a person on suspicion of committing a crime in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation? From what moment does the detained person acquire the status of a suspect? Is it possible to detain a person before initiating a criminal case? The study concludes that a person acquires the actual status of a suspect from the moment of direct detention, that is, before documenting this status and, as a result, before initiating a criminal case. Amendments to the articles of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation are proposed, and the authors` versions of the definitions of the concepts «detention of a suspect», «the moment of actual detention» and «pre-trial proceedings» are given.

scholarly journals ON THE ISSUE OF IMPROVING THE CRIMINAL LAW NORMS ON LIABILITY FOR VIOLATION OF THE RULES OF DRIVING OR OPERATION OF CARS

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-106
Author(s):  
V.V. Kusakin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Military Vehicles ◽  
Judicial Practice ◽  
Observation Methods ◽  
Expert Assessments ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Legislation

The article is devoted to the analysis of Article 350 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, which provides for criminal liability for violation of the rules of driving or operating cars, the evolution of this article and the problems of sentencing under it are considered. One of the suggestions for improving this article is to change its sanction, which will eliminate the identified significant legal gap. The author conducted a comprehensive analysis of various aspects related to the criminal violation of traffic safety rules and the operation of military vehicles, and proposed the author's solution to the problematic aspects. The study used specific dialectical methods: comparative, hermeneutical, discursive, formal-legal, as well as some sociological methods: observation, methods of expert assessments and analysis. The provisions contained in the materials of the article can be used to improve the current criminal legislation and to develop explanations of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation in reviews of judicial practice.

scholarly journals The features of participation of the defender and the legal representative of a juvenile suspect (accused) in the stage of preliminary investigation

2019 ◽  
pp. 196-199
Author(s):  
Анна Кучинская ◽  
Anna Kuchinskaya
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
Legal Representative ◽  
Defense Counsel ◽  
Judicial Practice ◽  
Procedure Code ◽  
The Russian Federation

In the article the theoretical analysis of the provisions of the Russian Federation Criminal Procedure Code, regulating the procedural activities of the defense and the legal representative of a juvenile suspect (accused). The author identified gaps in the current legislation and ways to fill them. Summarizing the materials of judicial practice, the author presents data on the effectiveness of participation of defense counsel and legal representative.

scholarly journals THE OBSTRUCTION OF THE ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE AND PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION: PROBLEMS OF THE OBJECT AND THE OBJECTIVE SIDE

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-105
Author(s):  
Alexandra Vladimirovna Boyarskaya
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Complex Analysis ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
The Body ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Criminal Procedure Law ◽  
The Russian Federation

The subject. The article is devoted to the investigation of the main direct object and the circle of victims are subjected of harm by criminal acts stipulated by pts. 1, 2 of art. 294 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation.The purpose of the paper is to identify does the art. 294 of Criminal Code of the Russian Federation meets the other provisions of criminal procedure legislation.The methodology of research includes methods of complex analysis, synthesis, as well as formal-logical, comparative legal and formal-legal methods.Results and scope of application. The content of art. 294 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation does not comply with the provisions of the criminal procedure law. The discrep-ancy lies in terms of the range of participants in criminal proceedings and the functions performed by them, as well as the actual content and correlation of such stages of criminal proceedings as the initiation of criminal proceedings and preliminary investigation. In addi-tion, the current state of art. 294 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation does not take into account the ever-widening differentiation of criminal proceedings.The circle of victims listed in pt. 2 of art. 294 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation should be supplemented by such participants in the criminal process as a criminal investi-gator, the head of the investigative body, the head of the inquiry department, the head of the body of inquiry. At the same time, the author supports the position that the criminal-legal protection of the said persons should cover not only their activities at the stage of preliminary investigation, but also of the entire pre-trial proceedings as a whole.The circle of criminal acts provided for in art. 294 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Fed-eration, should also be specified with an indication of encroachment in the form of kidnapping, destruction or damage to such a crime as materials of criminal, civil and other cases, as well as material evidence.Conclusions. The content of art. 294 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation does not comply with the provisions of the criminal procedure law. The author formulates the conclusion that the circle of victims listed in pt. 2 of art. 294 of the Criminal Code should be broadened and joins the position that the criminal-legal protection of these persons should cover not only their activities at the stage of preliminary investigation, but also of the entire pre-trial proceedings as a whole.

scholarly journals PROBLEMS OF LEGISLATIVE REGULATION OF THE MURDER OF A NEWBORN CHILD BY A MOTHER (ARTICLE 106 OF THE CRIMINAL CODE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION)

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 639-646
Author(s):  
E.R. Gafurova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Judicial Practice ◽  
Newborn Child ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Legislative Structure ◽  
Criminal Legislation

This article examines the features of the Russian criminal law norm that provides for liability for the murder of a newborn child by a mother. We analyzed the data of the Judicial Department on the statistics of convicts for 2016 and 2019 under Article 106 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation in relation to the indicators of other privileged elements of murder, indicating the latency of this type of crime. The article also examines some features of the legislative structure of Article 106 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, accompanied by examples of judicial practice. The article examines the criminal law norms providing for responsibility for infanticide, the legislation of Italy, Austria, Switzerland, Holland and Denmark, and highlights the distinctive features of Article 106 of the Russian criminal legislation. The article presents proposals for possible improvement of the norms of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation on responsibility for the murder of a newborn child by a mother, confirmed by the indicators of a sociological study.

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