Época e intensidade de poda no desenvolvimento e produção de amoreira-preta cv. Xavante cultivada em sistema orgânico

The practice of winter pruning, held in temperate fruit, has great influence on the development and production of these crops. Changes in pruning system may result in significant changes in the time of harvest, yield and fruit quality.This study aimed to evaluate the effects of time and intensity of pruning in the development and production of blackberry cv. Xavante in organic production system. The experiment was conducted during the crop year 2009/2010 and 2010/2011 in the experimental orchard of the State University of Centro-Oeste (Unicentro)Guarapuava - PR. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with five replications in a 2x2 factorial design, with two pruning times: early and late, and two intensities of pruning side branches: short and long, a total of four treatments. The variables analyzed were: budding percentage (%), percentage of flowering (%), average fruit weight (g), number of fruits, total soluble solids (°brix), yield (kg), estimated yield (kg ha-1) and early yield (kg plant-1 and %). The time and intensity of pruning did not influence the average fruit weight and soluble solids. Early pruning can be a good strategy to obtain higher yields in early harvest. Early and long pruning is recommended in the most productive terms.

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Selection of half-sib families of creole melon (Cucumis melo L.) on the Ecuadorian coast

Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas ◽

10.17584/rcch.2019v13i2.8083 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 178-185

Author(s):

Francisco Espinosa ◽

Franco Alirio Vallejo ◽

Lauden Rizzo

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Genetic Progress ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Sib Families ◽

High Production ◽

Cucumis Melo L ◽

Fruit Diameter ◽

Selection Of

The creole melon cantaloupe is a horticultural species, whose fruits are used for human nutrition. However, no research has been reported on their genetic variability for starting breeding processes. The objective of this study was to take advantage of the variability of creole melons for genetic improvement. 20 creole melon half-sib families were selected and evaluated for production characteristics and fruit quality in order to obtain improved populations. The study was carried out in Palenque canton, Ecuador. Seeds from 20 half-sib families were used, arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The differences between the families were significant for all the studied characteristics. Family 93 presented higher averages for fruit weight, fruit diameter and production (per hectare), and family 196 did so for soluble solids. The phenotypic correlations were positive and significant between the fruit weight and fruit diameter, fruit length, pulp thickness, fruit cavity, soluble solids and production. The coefficients of genetic variation, in general, were lower than the coefficients of environmental variation. The estimates of heritability broadly had a moderate magnitude (30-60%) for the 10 evaluated characteristics, and the magnitude of the expected genetic progress was low (<10%) for the fruit weight, production, and soluble solids, so the selection for high production should focus on fruit weight and soluble solids.

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Productivity and quality of Formosa and Solo papaya over two harvest seasons

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0100-204x2017000800005 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 52 (8) ◽

pp. 599-606 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Fabíola Lacerda de Souza Barros ◽

Karin Tesch Kuhlcamp ◽

Sara Dousseau Arantes ◽

Sarah Ola Moreira

Keyword(s):

Carica Papaya ◽

Block Design ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Lower Number ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Heterotic Groups ◽

Genotype X Environment ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the productivity and quality of papaya fruits (Carica papaya) of the Solo (12 genotypes) and Formosa (9 genotypes) heterotic groups over two harvest seasons. The experiment was conducted under field conditions in the municipality of Pinheiros, in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil, in a randomized complete block design. Ten morpho-agronomic and physicochemical variables of the fruits were measured in winter (210-300 days after planting) and summer (450-540 days after planting). The data were subjected to the combined analysis of variance, to the breakdown of the genotype x environment interactions, and to the grouping of means by the Scott-Knott test. Although harvest season affected the evaluated characteristics, it did not alter the classification of the genotype. In the Solo group, the H 36-45 and UC 15 hybrids stand out due to their greater productivity, fruit weight, and soluble solids contents. In the Formosa group, the Rubi Incaper 511 cultivar shows greater productivity, higher number of commercial fruits, and lower number of deformed fruits over both evaluated harvest seasons.

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Pendugaan Ragam Genetik dan Heritabilitas Karakter Hasil dan Komponen Hasil Tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) di Dua Lokasi

Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia ◽

10.29244/jhi.8.1.31-38 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 31

Author(s):

Rudy Hermanto ◽

Muhamad Syukur ◽

Widodo .

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variability ◽

Block Design ◽

Fruit Size ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Size Group ◽

Lycopersicum Esculentum ◽

Plant Materials ◽

Small Fruit ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Time Of Harvest

ABSTRACT The objective of the study was to determine the genetic variability and heritability for some characters of twenty tomato genotypes across at two locations. The experimental design used was Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), three replications as a block was nested in location (at two locations i.e Ciawi and Lembang). Plant materials were twenty genotypes: 42D, 50D, 96D, 61I, 40D, 21D, 59I, 57D, 40I, 102D, 58I, 59D, 94D, 43D, 60I, 99D, 100D, 98D, 04I dan Tora. Results indicated that time of harvest, fruit weight, number of fruit per plant, fruit length and fruit width had broad genetic variability. The characters of yield per plant and fruit firmness had narrow genetic variability. Broad-sense heritability was high for all observed characters. Genotype 42D can be used to develop high yielding tomato for small fruit size group, 59D and Tora for medium fruit size group, 97D and 94D for big fruit size group. Keywords: broad, fruit, genetic, narrow, size, twentyABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi keragaman genetik dan heritabilitas karakter hasil dan komponen hasil tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) di dua lokasi. Percobaan dilakukan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak (RKLT) dua faktor dengan tiga ulangan. Ulangan tersarang dalam lokasi (dua lokasi yaitu Ciawi dan Lembang). Materi genetik yang digunakan adalah 20 galur murni generasi F-7 yaitu 42D, 50D, 96D, 61I, 40D, 21D, 59I, 57D, 40I, 102D, 58I, 59D, 94D, 43D, 60I, 99D, 100D, 98D, 04I dan Tora. Keragaman genetik yang luas terdapat pada karakter umur panen, bobot buah, jumlah buah per tanaman, panjang buah dan diameter buah, sedangkan keragaman genetik sempit terdapat pada karakter bobot buah per tanaman dan kekerasan buah. Semua karakter yang diamati mempunyai nilai heritabilitas arti luas yang tinggi. Genotipe 42D dapat digunakan untuk mengembangkan varietas tomat berdaya hasil tinggi untuk kelompok ukuran buah kecil. Genotipe 59D dan Tora untuk kelompok ukuran buah sedang dan genotipe 97D dan 94D untuk kelompok ukuran buah besar. Kata kunci: buah, dua puluh, genetik, luas, sempit, ukuran

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316 ROOTSTOCK AFFECTS RIPENING OF `MCINTOSH' APPLES

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.29.5.475f ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 29 (5) ◽

pp. 475f-475

Author(s):

Wesley R. Autio

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Analysis Of Covariance ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Apple Trees ◽

Crop Load ◽

Solids Concentration ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Index Value ◽

Soluble Solids Concentration

`Summerland Red McIntosh' apple trees propagated on M.9/A.2,O.3, M.7 EMLA, M.26 EMLA, M.7A. OAR1, or Mark rootstocks were planted in 1985 in a randomized complete block design with seven replications. Fruit ripening and quality were assessed in 1988-93. Internal ethylene concentrations were measured weekly throughout each harvest season. Once each season, fruit weight, starch-index value, soluble solids concentration, flesh firmness, and surface ted color were assessed on a sample of fruit from each tree. Size was smallest for fruit from trees on OAR1 or Mark, after accounting for the effects of crop load with analysis of covariance. Surface ted color was greatest for fruit from trees on Mark and least for fruit from trees on M.7 EMLA. Ripening was variable, but generally, fruit from trees on 0.3 ripened first, and fruit from trees on M.7 EMLA or M.7A ripened last. Crop load impacted ripening, but its effects were removed with analysis of covariance.

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Effect of Zinc and Boron on Growth and Yield of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.)

Asian Journal of Advances in Agricultural Research ◽

10.9734/ajaar/2020/v12i130073 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 41-47

Author(s):

Nusrat Jahan ◽

Md. Ashabul Hoque ◽

Md. Rasal-Monir ◽

Sumya Fatima ◽

Mohammad Nurul Islam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Block Design ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Fruit Yield ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Area Index ◽

Spad Value ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Fruit Diameter

The study was carried out to find out the effect of zinc (Zn) and boron (B) on growth and yield of okra (BARI Dherosh 1). The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The treatments of the experiment were, T0 (without Zn or B), T1 (20 kg Zn ha-1), T2 (30 kg Zn ha-1), T3 (10 kg B ha-1), T4 (20 kg B ha-1), T5 (20 kg Zn ha-1 + 10 kg B ha-1), T6 (20 kg Zn ha-1 + 20 kg B ha-1), T7 (30 kg Zn ha-1 + 10 kg B ha-1) and T8 (30 kg Zn ha-1 + 20 kg B ha-1) were undertaken to evaluate the best results of the study. The highest plant height was found in T8 (30 kg Zn ha-1 + 20 kg B ha-1) but the highest number of leaves plant-1 was recorded from T7 (30 kg Zn ha-1 + 10 kg B ha-1). On the other hand, the maximum leaf area index, SPAD value, mean fruit weight, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit dry matter (%), number of fruits plant-1, fresh fruit weight plant-1 , fruit yield plot-1 and fruit yield ha-1 were found in T7 (30 kg Zn ha-1 + 10 kg B ha-1), while the control (T0) showed lowest performance for the respected parameters. It is strongly concluded that 30 kg Zn ha-1 with 10 kg B ha-1 combination may be helpful for okra cultivation in the field level to increase okra production.

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Productivity, quality of fruits and architecture of Jalapeño pepper at different planting densities

Horticultura Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0102-053620190312 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 37 (3) ◽

pp. 331-337

Author(s):

Carlos Francisco Ragassi ◽

Juliana Zucolotto ◽

Lucas M Gomes ◽

Cláudia SC Ribeiro ◽

Nuno Rodrigo Madeira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fruit Quality ◽

Plant Architecture ◽

Block Design ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Total Titratable Acidity ◽

Second Year ◽

Increase In Productivity

ABSTRACT Mechanizing the harvest of Jalapeño pepper involves changes in the production system. Spacings between plants in rows (10 to 40 cm; 60 cm fixed between rows) were evaluated in relation to plant architecture, productivity and fruit quality of cultivar BRS Sarakura during three years, in a randomized complete block design with five replicates. Productivity (41.9 to 78.8 t ha-1) and plant height (40.1 to 47.3 cm) responded linearly to density; on the other hand, productivity per plant responded negatively (0.48 to 1.04 kg plant-1). The stem first bifurcation height was little influenced. Fruit chemical analyses were carried out in the second year of the experiment; spacing significantly influenced pH (5.36 to 4.84), total titratable acidity (TTA) (0.48 to 0.36%) and total soluble solids (TSS)/TTA ratio (11.5 to 15.6); no influence on TSS (5.65%) was noticed, though. The increase of plant population provided an increase in productivity without affecting fruit quality; the highest height of the first bifurcation achieved may not be enough to enable mechanized harvesting of the cultivar BRS Sarakura.

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Apple Orchard Productivity and Fruit Quality under Organic, Conventional, and Integrated Management

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.41.1.99 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

pp. 99-107 ◽

Cited By ~ 73

Author(s):

Gregory M. Peck ◽

Preston K. Andrews ◽

John P. Reganold ◽

John K. Fellman

Keyword(s):

Fruit Quality ◽

Crop Yields ◽

Block Design ◽

Leaf Tissue ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Apple Orchard ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Crop Load ◽

Flesh Firmness

Located on a 20-ha commercial apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) orchard in the Yakima Valley, Washington, a 1.7-ha study area was planted with apple trees in 1994 in a randomized complete block design with four replications of three treatments: organic (ORG), conventional (CON), and integrated (INT). Soil classification, rootstock, cultivar, plant age, and all other conditions except management were the same on all plots. In years 9 (2002) and 10 (2003) of this study, we compared the orchard productivity and fruit quality of `Galaxy Gala' apples. Measurements of crop yield, yield efficiency, crop load, average fruit weight, tree growth, color grades, and weight distributions of marketable fruit, percentages of unmarketable fruit, classifications of unmarketable fruit, as well as leaf, fruit, and soil mineral concentrations, were used to evaluate orchard productivity. Apple fruit quality was assessed at harvest and after refrigerated (0 to 1 °C) storage for three months in regular atmosphere (ambient oxygen levels) and for three and six months in controlled atmosphere (1.5% to 2% oxygen). Fruit internal ethylene concentrations and evolution, fruit respiration, flesh firmness, soluble solids concentration (SSC), titratable acidity (TA), purgeable volatile production, sensory panels, and total antioxidant activity (TAA) were used to evaluate fruit quality. ORG crop yields were two-thirds of the CON and about half of the INT yields in 2002, but about one-third greater than either system in 2003. High ORG yields in 2003 resulted in smaller ORG fruit. Inconsistent ORG yields were probably the result of several factors, including unsatisfactory crop load management, higher pest and weed pressures, lower leaf and fruit tissue nitrogen, and deficient leaf tissue zinc concentrations. Despite production difficulties, ORG apples had 6 to 10 N higher flesh firmness than CON, and 4 to 7 N higher than INT apples, for similar-sized fruit. Consumer panels tended to rate ORG and INT apples to have equal or better overall acceptability, firmness, and texture than CON apples. Neither laboratory measurements nor sensory evaluations detected differences in SSC, TA, or the SSC to TA ratio. Consumers were unable to discern the higher concentrations of flavor volatiles found in CON apples. For a 200 g fruit, ORG apples contained 10% to 15% more TAA than CON apples and 8% to 25% more TAA than INT apples. Across most parameters measured in this study, the CON and INT farm management systems were more similar to each other than either was to the ORG system. The production challenges associated with low-input organic apple farming systems are discussed. Despite limited technologies and products for organic apple production, the ORG apples in our study showed improvements in some fruit quality attributes that could aid their marketability.

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Evaluation of Sweet Pepper (Capsicum annum L.) Varieties as Influnced by Nitrogen Levels in Chitwan, Nepal

Nepalese Horticulture ◽

10.3126/nh.v14i1.30602 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 33-42

Author(s):

Santosh Lohani ◽

Moha Dutta Sharma ◽

Shree Chandra Shah ◽

Arjun Kumar Shrestha

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Total Yield ◽

Growth Yield ◽

Sweet Pepper ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Chemical Fertilizer ◽

Nitrogen Levels ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Better Than

An experiment was conducted to assess the performance of sweet pepper varieties as influenced by nitrogen levels from August 2014 to February 2015 at Mangalpur, Chitwan. The experiment was laid out in two factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications having sixteen treatments. Varieties and levels of nitrogen significantly affected growth, yield and qualitative parameters of fruits. Hybrid Indra and NS 632 performed better than open pollinated varieties viz. Sagar and California Wonder. Days to fifty percent flowering of NS 632 were earlier than California Wonder. Indra variety had the highest plant height (52.18 cm), number of secondary branches per plant (13.51) from 250 kg N/ha through chemical fertilizer while number of leaves per plant was higher in NS 632 variety (57.22) than Sagar variety (47.37). Indra variety showed the highest fruit weight (87.59 g) and total yield (39.45 t/ha) but NS 632 variety produced more number of fruits per plant (9.25) than California Wonder variety. This study showed that sweet pepper yield of hybrid varieties applied with 250 kg N/ha through chemical fertilizer was appropriate dose to get optimum yield under Chitwan condition.

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Production and quality of banana ‘BRS Conquista’ bagged with different colored polypropylene bags

Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas ◽

10.17584/rcch.2019v13i2.9418 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 171-177

Author(s):

Rafaelly Calsavara Martins ◽

Jackson Mirellys Azevêdo Souza ◽

Marcelo De Souza Silva ◽

Nathália De Souza Parreiras ◽

Marcela Sant'Anna Cordeiro da Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Total Mass ◽

Mass Number ◽

New Technologies ◽

Block Design ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Plastic Bag ◽

Maturation Index

Worldwide, the second most traded fruit is banana, which is highly appreciated by Brazilian consumers. Moreover, new technologies have been used to improve fruit quality during cultivation. This study aimed to assess the influence of plastic bag colors on the production and quality of banana ‘BRS Conquista’. The treatments consisted of the use of commercial polypropylene bags e colored white, black, red or blue, in addition to the control (non-bagged). This study used a randomized complete block design with five treatments, four replicates and four plants per plot, totalling 80 plants. The assessments consisted of bunch mass; rachis mass; fruit total mass; mean cluster mass; number of fruits per bunch and per cluster; and fruit length and diameter; along with fruits physicochemical traits, such as soluble solids, titratable acidity, pulp/peel ratio and maturation index. The results indicated that no interference was obtained from the different plastic bag colors in the productive variables. However, a greater content of soluble solids was observed in the non-bagged bunches.

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Nitrogen Application in Arugula Culture

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v11n2p385 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 385

Author(s):

Katiane Santiago Silva Benett ◽

Ricardo Caldas Xavier ◽

Cleiton Gredson Sabin Benett ◽

Leandro Caixeta Salomão ◽

Alexsander Seleguini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vegetative Growth ◽

Block Design ◽

Nitrogen Sources ◽

State University ◽

Nitrogen Application ◽

Leaf Quality ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Coated Urea ◽

Nutrient Amounts ◽

Culture Development

Vegetable development and productivity are influenced by several factors, including the nutrient amounts available. Providing adequate nitrogen favours vegetative growth and promotes increased productivity, in addition to providing greater succulence and improving leaf quality. This work evaluated the effect of nitrogen doses and sources on arugula culture development and productivity. The experiment was conducted on the experimental farm at the State University of Goiás, Ipameri campus, in the municipality of Ipameri, Goiás state (GO). The experiment used a 2 × 5 factorial randomized complete block design, with two sources (normal urea and coated urea), five nitrogen doses (0, 60, 120, 180 and 240 kg ha-1 of N) and four replicates. Plant height, stem diameter, leaf number, fresh shoot matter, dry shoot matter and productivity were evaluated. The results obtained here suggest that nitrogen sources do not influence arugula culture development, but nitrogen doses influence the arugula culture’s productive characteristics.

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