scholarly journals Identification of Eyes At Risk for Severe Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) by Third Year Ophthalmology Residents in a Tertiary Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Eleonore B. Iguban ◽  
Milagros H. Arroyo
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Retinal Vessel ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Observer Agreement ◽  
Kappa Index ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Vessel Dilatation

Objective: The aim of the present study is to determine the efficiency of third year ophthalmology residents from a tertiary hospital in performing preliminary retinal examination to identify eyes at risk retinopathy of prematurity on the basis of retinal fundus findings up to International Classification of Retinopathy of Prematurity (ICROP) Zone II. Methods: This is a single-center, cross-sectional, prospective comparative research conducted from June to October 2015 at a tertiary training hospital in the Philippines. All infants referred for retinopathy of prematurity screening within the study period where included. The presence of retinal vessel dilatation and tortuosity were identified by third year ophthalmology residents using indirect funduscopy. The residents’ fundus findings were then compared to that of a retina consultant who is proficient in the diagnosis and management of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). The Kappa index was used to rate inter-observer agreement. The correlation between ROP risk factors and the presence of abnormal retinal vessels were assessed using odd ratio computations. Fisher’s exact test was used to determine the correlation between retinopathy of prematurity and the presence of retinal dilatation and tortuosity. The McNemar’s test was also applied to determine significant differences in the retinal findings of the consultant and ophthalmology residents. Results: A total of 82 eyes of 41 premature infants were evaluated to determine if retinal findings observed by ophthalmology residents were comparable to that of a retina consultant. Odds ratios show that age of gestation, birth weight, and history of blood transfusion are significantly associated with the presence of retinopathy of prematurity. Retinal vessel tortuosity and dilatation are also more common among infants diagnosed with retinopathy of prematurity. There was no significant difference between the retinal vascular findings of the retina consultant and the third year ophthalmology resident in terms of identifying retinal vessel dilatation and tortuosity (P < 0.05). Conclusion: After sufficient and in-depth ophthalmology training, third year ophthalmologists, who will be general ophthalmologists in the future, can reliably identify eyes at risk for severe retinopathy of prematurity on the basis of retinal vascular dilatation and/or tortuosity.

Sonographic Assessment of Renal Volume in Normotensive Pregnant Women and Women With Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension in Enugu Metropolis

2021 ◽  
pp. 875647932110210
Author(s):  
Idigo Felicitas Ugochinyere ◽  
Nwankwo Sylvia Chiamaka ◽  
Abonyi Everistus Obinna ◽  
Anakwue Angel-Mary Chukwunyelu ◽  
Agbo Julius Amechi
Keyword(s):  
Reference Range ◽  
Interobserver Variability ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Renal Volume ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Induced Hypertension

Objective: Renal volume (RV) assessment during obstetric sonography is rarely considered in our locality. Understanding the changes in RV in both normotensive pregnant (NP) and pregnancy-induced hypertensive (PIH) women is important in making correct diagnosis regarding pregnancy outcome. This study is aimed at determining the RV in NP and PIH women and correlating RV with fetal gestational age (FGA), body mass index (BMI), and parity in NP women. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 450 patients recruited at a Tertiary Hospital. A pilot study was done to determine the interobserver variability in RV measurement. RV was calculated using the following formula: L × W × AP × 0.523. Parity, BMI, and blood pressure were documented, while FGA was calculated as an average of FGAs obtained from the measurements of fetal biometric parameters. Results: Mean RV of PIH women was significantly higher than that of NP women ( P < .05). RV shows a positive significant relationship with BMI and FGA, while it shows a negative relationship with parity in NP ( P < .05). Conclusion: Reference range values of RV were generated for clinical use in our locality, while there is statistically significant difference between RV in NP and PIH women.

scholarly journals Study of Maternal and Fetal Outcome among Booked and Unbooked Patients at tertiary Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1027-1030
Author(s):  
Shanti Sunuwar Subedi ◽  
Rakina Bhansakarya ◽  
Sajjan Kumar Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Secondary Level ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Fetal Outcome ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Spontaneous Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference

Introduction: To evaluate the maternal and perinatal outcome in booked and unbooked cases. Objectives: To assess the maternal and fetal outcomes in unbooked and booked patients. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional comparative study conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology from Augustti2019 to January 2020. Using a convenient sampling technique, 204 samples were taken and cross-sectional study was done. Results: There were total 204 cases in this study;102were booked and 102 were unbooked. In this study, 85(83%) of booked cases were educated up to secondary level as compared toti65 (64%) of unbooked cases. There was no significant difference in Apgar score in 1 and 5 minute between booked and unbooked cases. More babies in the unbooked group were transferred to NICU as compared to the booked group and the difference was significant (9.8%vs 1.9%). Greater proportion of booked cases had spontaneous vaginal delivery (81.3% vs 59.8%) and complications like preterm delivery, anemia, preeclampsia/ eclampsia, complicated labor and puerperal sepsis was also less in the booked group. Conclusions: The study showed that unbooked mothers and their newborns had higher chance of having complications.

scholarly journals Association between Nutritional Status Determined By Mini Nutritional Assessment and Serum Marker Levels in Older Adults at Eldercare Facilities

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angel G Hilerio Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Serum Marker ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Malnutrition in the older adult is an ongoing situation in Mexico and is most apparent in individuals that reside in hospitals, nursing homes, and retirement homes. For that reason, it is necessary to evaluate the nutritional status of these adults by means of the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and levels of three serum indicators that are commonly ordered when making malnutrition diagnosis. An analytical cross-sectional study was carried out on 100 older adults residing in eldercare facilities. Nutritional status was evaluated by means of the MNA and three serum indicators (albumin, ferritin, and hemoglobin). Descriptive statistics were used to analyze sociodemographic characteristics, and a Student’s t test, based on gender and reference values, was used to compare mean values of the three serum indicators.  A Chi-square test was used to compare proportions in individuals, based on gender, who had normal nutritional status or were malnourished, and who were at-risk of malnutrition.  A One-way ANOVA with Scheffé post hoc test was used to identify the association between serum indicators and nutritional status of older adults. Of the 100 older adults studied, 53% were men and 47% were women. The mean age was 85±0.7 years. According to the MNA, 20% had normal nutritional status, 55% were at-risk of malnutrition, and 25% were malnourished. The mean indicator values were: albumin 4.7±0.04 g/dL, ferritin 74.2±8.7 ng/mL, and hemoglobin 13.0±0.1 g/dL. No significant association was found between serum indicators and each MNA classification; however, when the same indicators were compared between the sexes, hemoglobin showed a significant difference (P=0.037). Women had lower values but those values did not extend beyond the established physiological range for this population. There was a 55% prevalence of risk of malnutrition in the nutritional status of older adults living in Mexican eldercare facilities in a Mexican province and it was even more frequent in women. 

Suicidal Ideation and Behaviors Among Irish Travellers Presenting for Emergency Care

Crisis ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Bryan Tanner ◽  
Anne M. Doherty
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
General Population ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Suicidal Behaviors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract. Background: Suicide is a serious problem in the Traveller community, with rates estimated at 11%: over 6 times that of the general population. Aims: We aimed to establish the prevalence and correlates of suicidal ideation (SI) and self-harm (SH) among Irish Travellers. Method: This was an observational cross-sectional cohort study of patients presenting with SH and SI to a tertiary hospital in Ireland, in an area with a large local Traveller population. Data were analyzed from the anonymized database ( n = 2,016), comparing characteristics of Travellers and the general population. Results: This study found that Travellers (1.6% of the local population) represent 4.3% of the population seen in hospital with SH and SI, and 14.8% of episodes. There was a significant difference in SH methods used: Travellers were significantly more likely to present following attempted hanging, ( OR = 21.8; p = .004). Travellers were more commonly diagnosed with depression or substance abuse, referred from critical care, and transferred for inpatient psychiatric treatment. Limitations: Limitations include the use of retrospective data from a service activity database rather than clinical information collected prospectively. Conclusion: There are significant differences in patterns of suicidal behaviors between Irish Travellers and the general population. Further research is required to understand and address the high rates of suicidal behaviors in this population.

Behavior of fetal longitudinal myocardial fibers assessed by speckle tracking to obtain strain and strain rate values for low-risk pregnancies

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-152
Author(s):  
Mariana Biancardi ◽  
Renato Augusto Moreira de Sa
Keyword(s):  
Strain Rate ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Speckle Tracking ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Observer Agreement ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Strain And Strain Rate ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Myocardial Fibers

AbstractObjectiveTo analyze the behavior of fetal longitudinal myocardial fibers assessed by speckle tracking (STE) after fetal viability.MethodsA cross-sectional study was performed in 156 women with normal singleton pregnancies from 22 to 31 weeks of gestation. Strain (S) and strain rate (SR) values were measured in both ventricles during the fetal cardiac cycle. The population was divided into five gestational age groups based on 2-week intervals. The correlations of maternal variables with the S and SR variables and intra-observer analysis were performed.ResultsThere was a significant difference in the S and SR values of the left ventricle (LV) among the gestational age groups (P = 0.007). Significantly higher S and SR values were observed in early age groups demonstrating reductions in LV S and SR values at 26 weeks, followed by stabilization. For the right ventricle (RV), there was no significant difference between gestational age groups. Significant intra-observer agreement was observed for S values of the RV (P = 0.008) and LV (P = 0.0004) and SR values of the RV (P = 0.0001) and LV (P = 0.015).ConclusionDecreases in the S and SR values of the LV occurred after 26 weeks, followed by stabilization. No significant difference was observed in the S or SR value of the RV among the gestational age groups, and no significant association of any maternal variable evaluated with S and SR values was observed. Significant intra-observer agreement was obtained among the results.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Olfactory Function With Objective Tests in COVID-19-Positive Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 014556132097551
Author(s):  
E. Deniz Gözen ◽  
Chinara Aliyeva ◽  
Fırat Tevetoğlu ◽  
Rıdvan Karaali ◽  
İlker İnanç Balkan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Olfactory Dysfunction ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Objective Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Smell Loss ◽  
Group 1

Objective: Olfactory dysfunction is relatively high in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. The aim of this study is to investigate the incidence of olfactory disorder objectively in patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 infection. Material and Method: The study included 31 healthy controls and 59 COVID-19 patients who were diagnosed and treated in the COVID departments in a tertiary hospital. The patients with corona virus infection were screened by a questionnaire and were classified into 2 groups as either group 2 (patients without self-reported smell loss) or group 3 (patients with self-reported smell loss). Age and gender matched healthy controls who do not have chronic nasal condition or nasal surgery history comprised the control group (group 1). All of the patients and subjects in the control group were tested by the Sniffin’ Sticks test. All of the answers and scores were recorded, and the comparisons were made. Results: The rate of self-reported smell and taste loss in all COVID-19 patients in this study was 52.5% and 42%, respectively. There was a significant difference in threshold, discrimination, identification, and Threshold, Discrimination, Identification (TDI) scores between groups 1 and 2. When the comparisons between group 1 and 3 were made, again threshold, discrimination, identification, and TDI scores were significantly different. The comparison between groups 2 and 3 demonstrated a significant difference in discrimination, identification, and TDI scores, but threshold score was not different statistically. With questionnaire, the rate of olfactory dysfunction in COVID-19 patients was 52.5%, but with objective test, the rate was calculated as 83%. Conclusion: Olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions are common in COVID-19 patients. According to findings with the objective test method in this study, smell disorder in COVID-19 patients was much higher than those detected by questionnaires.

The rate of change in retinal vessel width and tortuosity in eyes at risk for retinopathy of prematurity

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 431-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devon H. Ghodasra ◽  
Atiporn Thuangtong ◽  
Karen A. Karp ◽  
Gui-Shuang Ying ◽  
Monte D. Mills ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Retinal Vessel ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Vessel Width

scholarly journals PARAS INTERLEUKIN-18 PENDERITA TUBERKULOSIS PARU DAN PERAWAT SEHAT BERISIKOTUBERKULOSIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Sianny Herawati ◽  
J Nugraha
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Sandwich Elisa ◽  
Active Tuberculosis ◽  
Interleukin 18 ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease which is the second cause of death in the world. Indonesia belongs to the third ranks as themost prevalent tuberculosis country. However the eradication is programmed only to focus on finding the case and treatment of theactive tuberculosis patients. Health care workers are at risk to tuberculosis infection, but there is no examination yet for early detectionactivity of tuberculosis. In order to know the activity of tuberculosis, other examinations are needed such as IL-18 examination. Today, no research about IL-18 is performed yet in Indonesia; therefore this study is performed in order to know the difference of IL-18level in active tuberculosis patients and nurses at risk. This study is to know the difference between IL-18 plasma of active tuberculosispatients and nurses at risk by analysis. A cross sectional, observational analytical study of 8 nurses at risk of tuberculosis and 8 activetuberculosis patients, has been conducted from February up to April 2007, at the Dr. Soetomo General Hospital and Karang TembokHospital in Surabaya. The diagnosis of active tuberculosis patients was based on positive sputum bacteriological examination, positiveradiology examination and who never had received anti-tuberculosis drugs. Nurses at risk of tuberculosis consisted of those who had beenworking more than 2 years, and was examined by negative bacteriological and radiology examination, TB-dot and positive tuberculinskin test with a diameter – 10 mm. IL-18 examination was done by double antibody sandwich ELISA method (MBL/Medical & BiologicalLaboratories Co.Ltd). IL-18 level in active tuberculosis patients was 491.4–1215.3 pg/ml (mean 794.6 pg/ml, SD 222.6), in nursesat risk of tuberculosis was 88.9–429.0 pg/ml (mean 256.2 pg/ml, SD 137.6). There was a significant difference of IL-18 level amongactive tuberculosis patients and nurses at risk of tuberculosis (p < 0.001); the IL-18 level in active tuberculosis patients was significantlyhigher than in nurses at risk of tuberculosis.

scholarly journals Lipid profiles of vegetarian and non-vegetarian children at risk of overweight or obesity

2010 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 291
Author(s):  
Arie Purwana ◽  
IKG Suandi ◽  
Endy Paryanto Prawirohartono
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Vegetarian Diet ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Children At Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Overweight Or Obesity

Background The type, amount, and composition of a diet may affect the levels of cholesterol in blood. Itis believed that children adhering to a vegetarian diet have lower total cholesterol levels and lower body mass indexes compared to children with non-vegetarian (omnivorous) diets. We wish to compare cholesterol levels of vegetarian and non-vegetarian Indonesian children who are at risk of overweight or obesity.Objective To compare lipid profiles of vegetarian and no-vegetarian children who are at risk for overweight or obesity.Methods We performed a cross-sectional study in January and February 2010. Subjects for this study came from Denpasar, Bali. Subjects filled questionnaires as well as underwent history-taking, anthropometric measurements, and blood testing. We performed lipid profile analyses on their blood samples. We used the independent t test and Mann-Whitney test for statistical analysis of the data. The level of significance was set at P <0.05.Results Our study included forty-four children at risk for overweight or obesity with a vegetarian or non-vegetarian diet. We found that vegetarian children had lower mean total cholesterol (144 mg/dL) than that of non-vegetarian children (171 mg/dL), a statistically significant difference of P=0.014. In addition, vegetarian children had lower mean triglyceride levels (150 mg/dL) than those of non􀀶vegetarian children (264 mg/dL), a statistically significant difference of P =0 .025.Conclusion Among Balinese children at risk of overweight or obesity, vegetarians have significantly lower mean total cholesterol and triglyceride levels than non-vegetarians.

Quality of Life of Adopted Chinese Versus Nonadopted Dutch Children with Cleft Lip and/or Palate: A Propensity Score Matched Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 105566562110507
Author(s):  
Martinus M. van Veen ◽  
Bente A. van den Berge ◽  
Chantal M. Mouës-Vink
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Parent Report ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adopted Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective To examine quality of life in internationally adopted children with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) versus non-adopted children with CL/P. Design Cross sectional study. Setting Multidisciplinary cleft team of a secondary and tertiary hospital in the Netherlands. Methods Parents of children under the age of 8 treated by the multidisciplinary cleft team of our institutions were asked to fill out a questionnaire containing demographic and clinical data and a validated parent proxy measure of cleft-specific quality of life instrument for children aged 0–8: the CleftChild-8. Adopted children were matched to non-adopted children using propensity score matching based on sex, age, type of cleft, if palatal surgery was completed and the level of education of the parent. CleftChild-8 scores were then compared between the matched samples of adopted and non-adopted children with CL/P. Main Outcome Measure(s) Differences in (sub)domain scores of the CleftChild-8. Results Most median CleftChild-8 scores of the adopted children (n = 29) were slightly lower compared to the 29 matched non-adopted children. A significant difference was seen for the domain score ‘satisfaction with (operative) treatment’ and 3 of the 13 subdomain scores: ‘post-operative results’, ‘acceptance by siblings’ and ‘acceptance by family/friends’. Conclusions By parent report, adopted children with CL/P experienced some areas of lower quality of life when compared to non-adopted children. Members of cleft teams should be aware of the problems associated with adoption and offer additional guidance and counseling to adopted children and their parents.

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