scholarly journals Recalculation of Laboratory Tests with the Extended Zone Method

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Achenbach ◽  
Guido Morgenthal
Keyword(s):  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Calculation Method ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Concrete Columns ◽  
Not Given ◽  
Zone Method ◽  
Compression Members ◽  
Design Software ◽  
Extended Zone

The Advanced Calculation Method given in EN 1992-1-2 is accepted by engineers and building authorities for the determination of the fire resistance of reinforced concrete structures. It has been developed originally for the recalculation of laboratory tests: the time of failure is calculated for a given layout of reinforcement. But in the structural analysis of concrete columns, the area of reinforcement has to be calculated for a desired fire resistance. Design methods and strategies, which are suitable for the design of concrete compression members, require constant material properties and strain limits, which are not given for the Advanced Calculation Method. Therefore Achenbach and Morgenthal have proposed an extension of the Zone Method by Hertz, suitable for the implementation in commercial design software. In this paper, this Extended Zone Method is used to recalculate laboratory tests to determine the accuracy of this method. A statistical analysis of the results is performed to evaluate the statistical key data of the Extended Zone Method.

Extension of the Zone Method of Eurocode 2 for reinforced concrete columns subjected to standard fire

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Achenbach ◽  
Guido Morgenthal
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Calculation Method ◽  
Concrete Columns ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Zone Method ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Standard Fire ◽  
Eurocode 2 ◽  
Design Software

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a method suitable for the design of reinforced concrete columns subjected to a standard fire. Design/methodology/approach The Zone Method – a ’simplified calculation method” included in Eurocode 2 – has been developed by Hertz as a manual calculation scheme for the check of fire resistance of concrete sections. The basic idea is to disregard the thermal strains and to calculate the resistance of a cross-section by reducing the concrete cross-section by a “damaged zone”. It is assumed that all fibers can reach their ultimate, temperature dependent strength. Therefore, it is a plastic concept; the information on the state of strain is lost. The calculation of curvatures and deflections is thus only possible by making further assumptions. Extensions of the zone method toward a general calculation method, suitable for the implementation in commercial design software and using the temperature dependent stress–strain curves of the Advanced Calculation Method, have been developed in Germany. The extension by Cyllok and Achenbach is presented in detail. The necessary assumptions of the Zone Method are reviewed, and an improved proposal for the consideration of the reinforcement in this extended Zone Method is presented. Findings The principles and assumptions of the Zone Method proposed by Hertz can be validated. Originality/value An extension of the Zone Method suitable for the implementation in design software is proposed.

Profil Penyakit Malaria Di Rumah Sakit Islam Siti Rahmah Padang Tahun 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 08-15
Author(s):  
Rahma Triyana ◽  
Salmi Salmi
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Frequency Distribution ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Severity Of The Disease

Malaria is one of the health problems in Indonesia, especially West Sumatra. Determination of the description of Malaria disease in an area is needed to determine the spread and severity of the disease. This study aims to determine the frequency distribution according to age, sex and place of residence, description of the types of Plasmodium causes of Malaria and hematological features in Malaria patients at Siti Rahmah Padang Hospital in 2018. This type of research is a descriptive observational study with an approach or design cross section (cross sectional). The frequency distribution of Malaria sufferers in Siti Rahmah Padang Hospital in 2018 according to the highest age was in the age group 21-30 years as many as 28 cases (36.8%), the highest sex among men was 46 (60.5%) and the highest number of residences was found in Koto Tangah sub-district there were 31 cases (40.8%). The type of Plasmodium found in Malaria cases in Siti Rahmah Padang Hospital in 2018 was P. vivax (73 cases (96.05%)) and P. falciparum (3 cases (3.95%)). The results of laboratory tests on Hb, hematocrit, platelet and leukocyte levels in Malaria positive patients in Siti Rahmah Padang Hospital in 2018 were in the normal range.

Profil Penyakit Malaria di Rumah Sakit Islam Siti Rahmah Padang Tahun 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 08-15
Author(s):  
Rahma Triyana Y ◽  
Salmi Salmi
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Frequency Distribution ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Severity Of The Disease

Malaria is one of the health problems in Indonesia, especially West Sumatra. Determination of the description of Malaria disease in an area is needed to determine the spread and severity of the disease. This study aims to determine the frequency distribution according to age, sex and place of residence, description of the types of Plasmodium causes of Malaria and hematological features in Malaria patients at Siti Rahmah Padang Hospital in 2018. This type of research is a descriptive observational study with an approach or design cross section (cross sectional). The frequency distribution of Malaria sufferers in Siti Rahmah Padang Hospital in 2018 according to the highest age was in the age group 21-30 years as many as 28 cases (36.8%), the highest sex among men was 46 (60.5%) and the highest number of residences was found in Koto Tangah sub-district there were 31 cases (40.8%). The type of Plasmodium found in Malaria cases in Siti Rahmah Padang Hospital in 2018 was P. vivax (73 cases (96.05%)) and P. falciparum (3 cases (3.95%)). The results of laboratory tests on Hb, hematocrit, platelet and leukocyte levels in Malaria positive patients in Siti Rahmah Padang Hospital in 2018 were in the normal range.

EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES WITH CROSS-SHAPED SPATIAL CRACK UNDER TORSION WITH BENDING

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 13-25
Author(s):  
Vl.I. KOLCHUNOV ◽  
◽  
A.I. DEMYANOV ◽  
M.M. MIHAILOV ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Experimental Determination ◽  
Calculation Method ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Concrete Structures ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Structures ◽  
Experimental Scheme

The article offers a method and program for experimental studies of reinforced concrete structures with cross-shaped spatial crack under torsion with bending, the main purpose of which is to check the design assumptions and experimental determination of the design parameters of the proposed calculation method. The conducted experimental studies provide an opportunity to test the proposed calculation apparatus and clarify the regularities for determining deflections, angles of rotation of extreme sections, and stresses in the compressed zone of concrete. For analysis, the article presents a typical experimental scheme for the formation and development of cracks in the form of a sweep, as well as characteristic graphs of the dependence of the angles of rotation of end sections.

Optimization of a Specimen Size for the Determination of the Diffusible Hydrogen Content in Metals

2014 ◽  
Vol 698 ◽  
pp. 466-471
Author(s):  
Oleg V. Panchenko ◽  
Alexey M. Levchenko ◽  
Victor A. Karkhin
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Content ◽  
Calculation Method ◽  
Specimen Size ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Diffusible Hydrogen ◽  
Measuring Methods ◽  
Deposited Metal ◽  
Calculation Results

Specimens of various sizes are used to determine hydrogen content in deposited metals in such standards as ISO 3690, AWS A 4.3, and GOST 23338 while measuring methods are the same. It causes problems in comparison of experimental results and brings up the following question: what kind of specimen size is optimal to determine hydrogen content? An optimal specimen size was estimated using a calculation method. Experimental and calculation results obtained by using specimens with estimated dimensions were compared to the results obtained by using the specimen with dimensions of 100*25*8 mm to determine hydrogen content in a deposited metal.

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