scholarly journals Photo-Realistic 3D Modelling of Sculptures on Open-Air Museums

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 89-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Duca ◽  
Miriam Cabrelles ◽  
Santiago Navarro ◽  
Ana Elena Segui ◽  
José Luis Lerma
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Data Registration ◽  
Fast Acquisition ◽  
High Resolution Images ◽  
3D Documentation ◽  
Processing Steps

Laser scanning is a high-end technology with possibilities far ahead the well-known civil engineering and industrial applications. The actual geomatic technologies and methodologies for cultural heritage documentation allow the generation of very realistic 3D results used for many scopes like archaeological documentation, digital conservation, 3D repositories, etc. The fast acquisition times of large number of point clouds in 3D opens up the world of capabilities to document and keep alive cultural heritage, moving forward the generation of virtual animated replicas of great value and smooth multimedia dissemination. This paper presents the use of a terrestrial laser sca nning (TLS) as a valuable tool for 3D documentation of large outdoor cultural heritage sculptures such as two of the existing ones inside the “Campus de Vera” of the UPV: “Defensas I” and “Mentoring”. The processing of the TLS data is discussed in detail in order to create photo-realistic digital models. Data acquisition is conducted with a time-of-flight scanner, characterized by its high accuracy, small beam, and ultra-fine scanning. Data processing is performed using Leica Geosystems Cyclone Software for the data registration and 3DReshaper Software for modelling and texturing.  High-resolution images after calibration and orientation of an off-the-shelf digital camera are draped onto the models to achieve right appearance in colour and texture. A discussion on the differences found out when modelling sculptures with different deviation errors will be presented. Processing steps such as normal smoothing and vertices recalculation are found appropriate to achieve continuous meshes around the objects.

scholarly journals INTEGRATION OF POINT CLOUDS FROM TERRESTRIAL LASER SCANNING AND IMAGE-BASED MATCHING FOR GENERATING HIGH-RESOLUTION ORTHOIMAGES

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B5 ◽  
pp. 399-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Salach ◽  
J.S. Markiewicza ◽  
D. Zawieska
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanning ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Historical Objects ◽  
Basic Objective ◽  
High Resolution Images

An orthoimage is one of the basic photogrammetric products used for architectural documentation of historical objects; recently, it has become a standard in such work. Considering the increasing popularity of photogrammetric techniques applied in the cultural heritage domain, this research examines the two most popular measuring technologies: terrestrial laser scanning, and automatic processing of digital photographs. The basic objective of the performed works presented in this paper was to optimize the quality of generated high-resolution orthoimages using integration of data acquired by a Z+F 5006 terrestrial laser scanner and a Canon EOS 5D Mark II digital camera. The subject was one of the walls of the “Blue Chamber” of the Museum of King Jan III’s Palace at Wilanów (Warsaw, Poland). The high-resolution images resulting from integration of the point clouds acquired by the different methods were analysed in detail with respect to geometric and radiometric correctness.

scholarly journals INTEGRATION OF POINT CLOUDS FROM TERRESTRIAL LASER SCANNING AND IMAGE-BASED MATCHING FOR GENERATING HIGH-RESOLUTION ORTHOIMAGES

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B5 ◽  
pp. 399-404
Author(s):  
A. Salach ◽  
J.S. Markiewicza ◽  
D. Zawieska
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanning ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Historical Objects ◽  
Basic Objective ◽  
High Resolution Images

An orthoimage is one of the basic photogrammetric products used for architectural documentation of historical objects; recently, it has become a standard in such work. Considering the increasing popularity of photogrammetric techniques applied in the cultural heritage domain, this research examines the two most popular measuring technologies: terrestrial laser scanning, and automatic processing of digital photographs. The basic objective of the performed works presented in this paper was to optimize the quality of generated high-resolution orthoimages using integration of data acquired by a Z+F 5006 terrestrial laser scanner and a Canon EOS 5D Mark II digital camera. The subject was one of the walls of the “Blue Chamber” of the Museum of King Jan III’s Palace at Wilanów (Warsaw, Poland). The high-resolution images resulting from integration of the point clouds acquired by the different methods were analysed in detail with respect to geometric and radiometric correctness.

scholarly journals 3D DOCUMENTATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE: THE CASE STUDY OF BANTEAY SREI TEMPLE IN ANGKOR, SIEM REAP

2020 ◽  
Vol XLIII-B2-2020 ◽  
pp. 919-923
Author(s):  
L. Zhang ◽  
F. Wang ◽  
X. Cheng ◽  
C. Li ◽  
H. Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Laser Scanners ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
3D Documentation ◽  
Difficult Challenge

Abstract. 3D documentation and visualization of cultural heritage has a great significance in preserving the memories and history, and supports cultural tourism. It is of great importance to study the 3D reconstruction of cultural relics and historic sites. Preservation, visualization of valuable cultural heritage has always been a difficult challenge. With the developments of photogrammetry, terrestrial laser scanning, 3D models were able to obtained quickly and accurately. In this paper we present the survey and 3D modelling of an ancient temple, Banteay Srei, situated in Angkor, which has long been admired as a “Precious Gem” of Khmer Art for its miniature size of structures and exceptional refinement of the sculptures. The survey was performed with FARO Focus3D 330 and FARO Focus3D 120 terrestrial laser scanners, a micro unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) (DJI Phantom 4 Pro) and a digital camera (Nikon D90). Once the acquired scans were properly merged, a 3D model was generated from the global point cloud, and plans, sections and elevations were extracted from it for restoration purposes. A short multimedia video was also created for the “Digital Banteay Srei”. In the paper we will discuss all the steps and challenges addressed to provide the 3D model of Banteay Srei Temple.

scholarly journals Linear-Based Incremental Co-Registration of MLS and Photogrammetric Point Clouds

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2195
Author(s):  
Shiming Li ◽  
Xuming Ge ◽  
Shengfu Li ◽  
Bo Xu ◽  
Zhendong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Point Cloud ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Registration Method ◽  
Cloud Data ◽  
Linear Feature ◽  
Data Registration ◽  
Source Point ◽  
Urban Remote Sensing ◽  
Single Data

Today, mobile laser scanning and oblique photogrammetry are two standard urban remote sensing acquisition methods, and the cross-source point-cloud data obtained using these methods have significant differences and complementarity. Accurate co-registration can make up for the limitations of a single data source, but many existing registration methods face critical challenges. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a systematic incremental registration method that can successfully register MLS and photogrammetric point clouds in the presence of a large number of missing data, large variations in point density, and scale differences. The robustness of this method is due to its elimination of noise in the extracted linear features and its 2D incremental registration strategy. There are three main contributions of our work: (1) the development of an end-to-end automatic cross-source point-cloud registration method; (2) a way to effectively extract the linear feature and restore the scale; and (3) an incremental registration strategy that simplifies the complex registration process. The experimental results show that this method can successfully achieve cross-source data registration, while other methods have difficulty obtaining satisfactory registration results efficiently. Moreover, this method can be extended to more point-cloud sources.

scholarly journals Symmetry Analysis of Oriental Polygonal Pagodas Using 3D Point Clouds for Cultural Heritage

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1228
Author(s):  
Ting On Chan ◽  
Linyuan Xia ◽  
Yimin Chen ◽  
Wei Lang ◽  
Tingting Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Point Cloud ◽  
Geometric Model ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Symmetry Analysis ◽  
3D Point Clouds ◽  
Transmission Towers ◽  
Aerial Vehicle

Ancient pagodas are usually parts of hot tourist spots in many oriental countries due to their unique historical backgrounds. They are usually polygonal structures comprised by multiple floors, which are separated by eaves. In this paper, we propose a new method to investigate both the rotational and reflectional symmetry of such polygonal pagodas through developing novel geometric models to fit to the 3D point clouds obtained from photogrammetric reconstruction. The geometric model consists of multiple polygonal pyramid/prism models but has a common central axis. The method was verified by four datasets collected by an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and a hand-held digital camera. The results indicate that the models fit accurately to the pagodas’ point clouds. The symmetry was realized by rotating and reflecting the pagodas’ point clouds after a complete leveling of the point cloud was achieved using the estimated central axes. The results show that there are RMSEs of 5.04 cm and 5.20 cm deviated from the perfect (theoretical) rotational and reflectional symmetries, respectively. This concludes that the examined pagodas are highly symmetric, both rotationally and reflectionally. The concept presented in the paper not only work for polygonal pagodas, but it can also be readily transformed and implemented for other applications for other pagoda-like objects such as transmission towers.

scholarly journals GEOMETRIC FEATURES ANALYSIS FOR THE CLASSIFICATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE POINT CLOUDS

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W15 ◽  
pp. 541-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Grilli ◽  
E. M. Farella ◽  
A. Torresani ◽  
F. Remondino
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Geometric Features ◽  
3D Point Clouds ◽  
3D Data ◽  
3D Documentation ◽  
The Impact

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> In the last years, the application of artificial intelligence (Machine Learning and Deep Learning methods) for the classification of 3D point clouds has become an important task in modern 3D documentation and modelling applications. The identification of proper geometric and radiometric features becomes fundamental to classify 2D/3D data correctly. While many studies have been conducted in the geospatial field, the cultural heritage sector is still partly unexplored. In this paper we analyse the efficacy of the geometric covariance features as a support for the classification of Cultural Heritage point clouds. To analyse the impact of the different features calculated on spherical neighbourhoods at various radius sizes, we present results obtained on four different heritage case studies using different features configurations.</p>

scholarly journals Photo Scanner 3D Survey for Monitoring Historical Monuments. the Case History of Porta Praetoria in Aosta

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 314-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Salonia ◽  
Tommaso Leti Messina ◽  
Andrea Marcolongo ◽  
Lorenzo Appolonia
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Stone Decay ◽  
Decay Kinetics ◽  
Image Block ◽  
Building Site ◽  
Historical Monuments

Accessibility to cultural heritage is one of the most important factors in cultural heritage preservation, as it assures knowledge, monitoring, Public Administration management and a wide interest on cultural heritage sites. Nowdays 3D surveys give the geometric basis for an effective artefact reconstruction but most of the times 3D data are not completely and deeply investigated to extract other useful information on historical monuments for their conservation and safeguard. The Cultural Heritage Superintendence of Aosta decided to run a time continual project of monitoring of the Praetorian Roman Gate with the collaboration of the ITABC, CNR of Italy. The Praetorian Roman Gate in Aosta, Italy, of Augustus ages, is one of the most well-known roman monumental gates, it is a double gate with three arches each side, 12 meters high, 20 meters wide, made of pudding stone ashlars, Badoglio, travertine, marble blocks and other stone insertion due to restorations between 1600 and 1950. In years 2000 a final restoration intervention brought the gate at the present state of art, within the frame of a restoration and conservation building site with the purpose of treat the different decay pathologies and conditions. A complete 3D geometric survey campaign has been the first step for the monitoring of the gate morphologic changes and decay progress in time. The main purpose is to collect both quantitative data, related to the geometry of the gate, and the qualitative data, related to the chromatic change on the surface due to the stone decay. The geometric data with colour information permits to associate materials and stone pathologies to chemical or mechanical actions and to understand and analyse superficial decay kinetics. The colours survey will also permit to directly locate on the 3D model areas of different stratigraphic units. The project aims to build a rigorous quantitative-qualitative database so to be uploaded into a GIS. The GIS will become the monitoring main means. Considering the huge dimension of the gate and its urban location a multi-scale approach has been considered. Controlled and free images have been taken from the ground and the top of the gate so to reconstruct all the walls and the upper cover. A topographic survey has been done so to be able to control and relate all the different acquisitions. It has been chosen a Photo Scanner 3D system. It is a photogrammetry-based survey technology for point clouds acquisition and 3D models configuration, from digital images processing. This technology allows to obtain point clouds (xyz coordinates) with RGB information and geometries at different levels of complexity by processing a number of images taken with a limited set of constraints, with the use of a simple acquisition equipment and through an image matching algorithm (ZScan, by Menci Software). Due to the high walls of the arch gates, the higher part has been surveyed with a remote controlled drone (UAV Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) with a digital camera on it, so to take pictures up to the maximum altitude and with different shooting angles ( 90 and 45 degree). This is a new technology which permits to survey inaccessible parts of a high monument with ease and accuracy, by collecting redundant pictures later bound together by an image block algorithm. This paper aims to present the survey experience architectural monuments trough the application of a trifocal quick photogrammetric system, in surveying at different scales and for different purposes.

scholarly journals Comparing Machine and Deep Learning Methods for Large 3D Heritage Semantic Segmentation

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 535
Author(s):  
Francesca Matrone ◽  
Eleonora Grilli ◽  
Massimo Martini ◽  
Marina Paolanti ◽  
Roberto Pierdicca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Semantic Segmentation ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Classification Algorithms ◽  
Learning Methods ◽  
3D Point Clouds ◽  
The Subject

In recent years semantic segmentation of 3D point clouds has been an argument that involves different fields of application. Cultural heritage scenarios have become the subject of this study mainly thanks to the development of photogrammetry and laser scanning techniques. Classification algorithms based on machine and deep learning methods allow to process huge amounts of data as 3D point clouds. In this context, the aim of this paper is to make a comparison between machine and deep learning methods for large 3D cultural heritage classification. Then, considering the best performances of both techniques, it proposes an architecture named DGCNN-Mod+3Dfeat that combines the positive aspects and advantages of these two methodologies for semantic segmentation of cultural heritage point clouds. To demonstrate the validity of our idea, several experiments from the ArCH benchmark are reported and commented.

Registration of Building Intensity Image and its Color Image Using SIFT Algorithm

2014 ◽  
Vol 638-640 ◽  
pp. 2160-2163
Author(s):  
Gui Hua Cang ◽  
Jian Ping Yue
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Color Image ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Intensity Data ◽  
Scale Invariant ◽  
Sift Algorithm ◽  
Data Registration ◽  
Intensity Image ◽  
2D Data

Fusion of close range photogrammetry (CRP) and terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) technology has been a hot topic in the field of building reconstruction. There are many ways to realize the fusion of the two kind data. In this paper, we propose a method for 3D-2D data registration based on Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) algorithm and range intensity data. 3D terrestrial laser scanner and digital camera are different sensors, which will lead to large difference between intensity image (derived from range intensity data) and color image. The traditional image matching method can not apply to register these kind images. This paper focuses on studying the feasibility and practicability of SIFT algorithm on such different images matching. The result shows that the principal of SIFT method is suitable for the registration of the two kind images.

scholarly journals INTEGRATION OF GEODATA IN DOCUMENTING CASTLE RUINS

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B3 ◽  
pp. 345-349
Author(s):  
P. Delis ◽  
M. Wojtkowska ◽  
P. Nerc ◽  
I. Ewiak ◽  
A. Lada
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanning ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Digital Imagery ◽  
Historical Structures ◽  
Three Dimensional Models ◽  
Different Sources

Textured three dimensional models are currently the one of the standard methods of representing the results of photogrammetric works. A realistic 3D model combines the geometrical relations between the structure’s elements with realistic textures of each of its elements. Data used to create 3D models of structures can be derived from many different sources. The most commonly used tool for documentation purposes, is a digital camera and nowadays terrestrial laser scanning (TLS). Integration of data acquired from different sources allows modelling and visualization of 3D models historical structures. Additional aspect of data integration is possibility of complementing of missing points for example in point clouds. The paper shows the possibility of integrating data from terrestrial laser scanning with digital imagery and an analysis of the accuracy of the presented methods. The paper describes results obtained from raw data consisting of a point cloud measured using terrestrial laser scanning acquired from a Leica ScanStation2 and digital imagery taken using a Kodak DCS Pro 14N camera. The studied structure is the ruins of the Ilza castle in Poland.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document