scholarly journals The forgotten lymph nodes: Review of the superficial head and neck lymphatic system

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bou-Assaly W
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Lymphatic System

Scanning electron microscopy of freeze-fractured prescapular lymph node of caprine

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 244-245
Author(s):  
O. Faroon ◽  
F. Al-Bagdadi ◽  
T. G. Snider ◽  
C. Titkemeyer
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Lymphatic System ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
The Body ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
The World ◽  
Cellular Constituent ◽  
Scanning Electron

The lymphatic system is very important in the immunological activities of the body. Clinicians confirm the diagnosis of infectious diseases by palpating the involved cutaneous lymph node for changes in size, heat, and consistency. Clinical pathologists diagnose systemic diseases through biopsies of superficial lymph nodes. In many parts of the world the goat is considered as an important source of milk and meat products.The lymphatic system has been studied extensively. These studies lack precise information on the natural morphology of the lymph nodes and their vascular and cellular constituent. This is due to using improper technique for such studies. A few studies used the SEM, conducted by cutting the lymph node with a blade. The morphological data collected by this method are artificial and do not reflect the normal three dimensional surface of the examined area of the lymph node. SEM has been used to study the lymph vessels and lymph nodes of different animals. No information on the cutaneous lymph nodes of the goat has ever been collected using the scanning electron microscope.

EFFECT OF DIFFERENT DOSES OF PREDNISOLONE AND ADRENOCORTICOTROPHIC HORMONE (ACTH) ON LYMPHATIC LUNG CLEARANCE AND ON EXPERIMENTAL SILICOSIS

1970 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-337
Author(s):  
Carl-Johan Göthe
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Lymphatic System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lung Weight ◽  
Lung Clearance ◽  
Dust Transport ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
Quartz Dust ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
Stimulation Of

ABSTRACT The effect of three doses of prednisolone and ACTH respectively on the weight of the body, the lungs and the hilar lymph nodes was studied on rats killed one month after the intratracheal (i.t.) injection of 50 mg of fine-particulate quartz. The prednisolone was administered via the drinking water, and the ACTH was injected intraperitoneally during the period between the i.t. injection of quartz dust and the killing of the animals. Prednisolone causes the rats to become cachectic and reduces the weight of the hilar lymph nodes. It also retards the transport of quartz dust from the lungs via the lymphatics. All these effects increase with increasing doses of prednisolone. However, its effect on the lung weight is insignificant. ACTH does not affect the body weight, but retards the weight increase of the lungs and the hilar lymph nodes. These effects increase with increasing doses of ACTH, and seem to be connected with an ability of ACTH to promote the clearance of quartz dust from the lungs and hilar lymph nodes. The method used, however, does not make it possible to differentiate quantitatively between any ACTH effects on the bronchogenie and lymphatic lung-clearance mechanisms. Available data, however, indicate that the stimulation of the dust transport from the lungs and hilar lymph nodes is, at least to some extent, related to the lymphatic system.

Infrared fluorescence lymphography in experimental and clinical practice

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. V. Papayan ◽  
A. L. Akopov ◽  
P. A. Antonyan ◽  
A. A. Ilin ◽  
N. N. Petrishchev
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Lymphatic System ◽  
Lymphatic Vessels ◽  
Diagnostic System ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Peritumoral Injection ◽  
Intradermal Administration ◽  
Nir Fluorescence ◽  
Real Time Visualization

Introduction. Near infrared (NIR) fluorescent diagnostics is promising due to a deeper penetration into biological tissues. Material and methods. In experiments on rabbits and in clinical studies evaluation the lymphatic system with the use of the instrument complex FLUM-808 was analysed. Results. For visualization of the lymphatic vessels of the skin, the intradermal administration of ICG, dissolved in 20 % albumin in the order of 0.02 mg/ml, is optimal. Peritumoral injection of ICG allows visualizing sentinel lymph nodes in patients with lung cancer. Conclusions. The developed NIR fluorescence diagnostic system FLUM-808 allows to real time visualization of lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes.

scholarly journals B-helper Neutrophils in Regional Lymph Nodes Correlate with Improved Prognosis in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 3092
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Pylaeva ◽  
Irem Ozel ◽  
Anthony Squire ◽  
Ilona Spyra ◽  
Charlotte Wallner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Patient Survival ◽  
Helper Cell ◽  
Cell Phenotype ◽  
Regional Lymph Nodes ◽  
Patient Prognosis

The role of neutrophils during cancer formation and elimination is diverse. Here, for the first time, we investigate neutrophil helper cells (NBH), their influence on B cell activity in the regional lymph nodes (RLN) of head-and-neck cancer patients and the effect of this neutrophil/B cell interaction on patient prognosis. Circulating and RLN neutrophils of patients with stage I–IV head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma were investigated with flow cytometry and qPCR. In addition, neutrophil/B cell co-localization in RLNs was evaluated using immunohistochemistry. B cell proliferation was assessed and correlated with the distance to neutrophils. Patient survival was evaluated. Neutrophils with the helper cell phenotype were identified in the RLN of HNC patients. B cells in close proximity to such NBH showed significantly higher proliferation rates, together with elevated activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) expression. Notably, patient survival was significantly higher in individuals with high NBH frequencies in the B follicles of RLNs. Neutrophils in RLN can support T cell-independent activation of the adaptive immune system through B cell stimulation, capturing helper cell phenotype character. The presence of such helper neutrophils in the RLNs of HNC patients positively correlates with patient prognosis.

scholarly journals Extranodal lymphoma of the head and neck: a pictorial essay

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 268-271
Author(s):  
Pinar Gulmez Cakmak ◽  
Gülsüm Akgün Çağlayan ◽  
Furkan Ufuk
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Extranodal Lymphoma ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Radiological Features ◽  
Extranodal Site ◽  
Pictorial Essay

Abstract Primary extranodal lymphoma is defined as a lymphoma at a solitary extranodal site, with or without involvement of the lymph nodes. The clinical and radiological features of extranodal lymphoma have been documented in recent studies. In this pictorial essay, we reviewed imaging findings of extranodal lymphoma in the head and neck region.

scholarly journals Investigating the Lymphatic System by Dual-Color Elemental Mass Spectrometry Imaging

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ann-Christin Niehoff ◽  
Tim Klasen ◽  
Rebecca Schmidt ◽  
Daniel Palmes ◽  
Cornelius Faber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Imaging ◽  
Lymphatic System ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Lymphatic Flow ◽  
Secondary Lymphedema ◽  
Inductively Coupled

Secondary lymphedema accompanied with strong restrictions in quality of life is still major side effects in cancer therapy. Therefore, dedicated diagnostic tools and further investigation of the lymphatic system are crucial to improve lymphedema therapy. In this pilot study, a method for quantitative analysis of the lymphatic system in a rat model by laser ablation (LA) with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry imaging (ICP-MSI) is presented. As a possible lymph marker, thulium(III)(1R,4R,7R,10R)-α,α′,α′′,α′′′-tetramethyl-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetate (Tm-DOTMA) is introduced and compared to the clinically used magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent gadolinium(III)2,2′,2′′-(10-((2R,3S)-1,3,4-trihydroxybutan-2-yl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7-triyl)triacetate (Gd-DO3A-butrol). Gadobutrol functioned as standard contrast media in MRI lymphangiography to detect lymphatic flow qualitatively. Thus, Tm-DOTMA was investigated as lymphatic marker to detect lymphatic flow quantitatively. Both contrast agents were successfully used to visualize the lymphatic flow in successive lymph nodes in LA-ICP-MS due to lower limits of detection compared to MRI. Furthermore, the distribution of contrast agents by multicolored imaging showed accumulation in specific areas (sectors) of the lymph nodes after application of contrast agents in different areas.

Which is the most suitable lymph node predictor for overall survival after primary surgery of head and neck cancer: pN, the number or the ratio of positive lymph nodes, or log odds?

2015 ◽  
Vol 142 (4) ◽  
pp. 885-893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Metin Yildiz ◽  
Iver Petersen ◽  
Ekkehard Eigendorff ◽  
Peter Schlattmann ◽  
Orlando Guntinas-Lichius
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Primary Surgery ◽  
Log Odds ◽  
Positive Lymph Nodes
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