A Cost Effective Solution for Large Area Transparent Conductive Coatings for Solar Cells

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1635
Author(s):  
Sumayya M. Abdulrahim ◽  
Zubair Ahmad ◽  
Jolly Bahadra ◽  
Noora J. Al-Thani

The future photovoltaic technologies based on perovskite materials are aimed to build low tech, truly economical, easily fabricated, broadly deployable, and trustworthy solar cells. Hole transport material (HTM) free perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are among the most likely architectures which hold a distinctive design and provide a simple way to produce large-area and cost-effective manufacture of PSCs. Notably, in the monolithic scheme of the HTM-free PSCs, all layers can be printed using highly reproducible and morphology-controlled methods, and this design has successfully been demonstrated for industrial-scale fabrication. In this review article, we comprehensively describe the recent advancements in the different types of mesoporous (nanostructured) and planar HTM-free PSCs. In addition, the effect of various nanostructures and mesoporous layers on their performance is discussed using the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technique. We bring together the different perspectives that researchers have developed to interpret and analyze the EIS data of the HTM-free PSCs. Their analysis using the EIS tool, the limitations of these studies, and the future work directions to overcome these limitations to enhance the performance of HTM-free PSCs are comprehensively considered.


2017 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 53-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sawanta S. Mali ◽  
Hyungjin Kim ◽  
Hyun Hoon Kim ◽  
Gwang Ryeol Park ◽  
Sang Eun Shim ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Syed Ossama Ali Ahmad ◽  
Atif Ashfaq ◽  
Muhammad Usama Akbar ◽  
Mujtaba Ikram ◽  
Karim Khan ◽  
...  

Perovskite solar cells (per-SCs) with high performance and cost-effective solution processing have been the center of interest for researchers in the past decade. Power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) have been gradually...


2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (23) ◽  
pp. 20320-20329
Author(s):  
Arti Mishra ◽  
Zubair Ahmad

Abstract The next generation technologies based on perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are targeted to develop a true low cost, low tech, widely deployable, easily manufactured and reliable photovoltaics. After the extremely fast evolution in the last few years on the laboratory-scale, PSCs power conversion efficiency (PCE) reached over 24%. However, the widespread use of PSCs requires addressing the stability and industrial scale production issues. Carbon based monolithic perovskite solar cells (mPSCs) are one of the most promising candidates for the commercialization of the PSCs. mPSCs possess a unique architectural design and pave an easy way to produce large area and cost-effective fabrication of the PSCs. In this article, recent progress in the field of mPSCs, challenges and strategies for their improvement are briefly reviewed. Also, we focus on the predominant implementations of recent techniques in the fabrication of the mPSCs to improve their performance. This review is intended to serve as a future direction guide for the scientists who are looking forward to developing more reliable, cost-effective and large area PSCs.


1999 ◽  
Vol T79 (1) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
J. H?rk?nen ◽  
M. Yli-Koski ◽  
S. Arpiainen ◽  
T. Juvonen ◽  
K. Grigoras ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
pp. 171-184
Author(s):  
D. Guberman ◽  
R. Paoletti ◽  
A. Rugliancich ◽  
C. Wunderlich ◽  
A. Passeri

2008 ◽  
Vol 1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Strahm ◽  
Alan A. Howling ◽  
Christoph Hollenstein

ABSTRACTThe microcrystalline silicon (μc-Si:H) intrinsic layer for application in micromorph tandem photovoltaic solar cells has to be optimized in order to achieve cost-effective mass production of solar cells in large area, radio frequency, capacitively-coupled PECVD reactors. The optimization has to be performed with regard to the deposition rate as well as to the crystallinity uniformity over the substrate area. The latter condition is difficult to achieve since the optimal solar grade μc-Si:H is deposited at the limit between a-Si:H and μc-Si:H material, where the film crystallinity is very sensitive to the plasma process. In this work, a controlled RF power nonuniformity was generated in a large area industrial reactor. The resulting film uniformity was studied as a function of the deposition regimes. Results show that the higher the input silane concentration, the more the uniformity of the crystallinity is sensitive to the RF power nonuniformity for films deposited at the limit between a-Si:H and μc-Si:H. The effect of the input silane concentration on the microstructure uniformity could be explained on the basis of an analytical plasma chemistry model. This result is important for reactor design. In reactors generating nonuniform plasma the input silane concentration has to be limited to low values in order to deposit films with uniform microstructure. To benefit from the high silane flow rate utilization fraction encountered only for higher input silane concentration, the RF power distribution has to be as uniform as possible over the whole substrate area.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafez Nikbakht ◽  
Ahmed Esmail Shalan ◽  
Manuel Salado ◽  
Abbas Assadi ◽  
Parviz Boroojerdian ◽  
...  

<p>The performance of methylammonium lead triiodide (CH<sub>3</sub>NH<sub>3</sub>PbI<sub>3</sub>) based solar cells depends on its crystallization and controlled microstructure. In spite of its high performance, long-term stability is a paramount factor towards its large area fabrication and potential industrialization. Herein, we have employed poly(vinylidene fluoride−trifluoro ethylene) P(VDF-TrFE) as an additive into a low concentration based perovskite precursor solutions to control the crystallinity and microstructure. Perovskite layers of lower thickness can be derived from low precursor concentration, however it often suffers from severe voids and roughness. Introducing judicious quantities of P(VDF-TrFE) can improve the surface coverage, smoothness as well as reduces the grain boundaries in the perovskite. An array of characterization techniques were utilized to probe the structural, microstructural and spectroscopic properties. Impedance spectra suggests, the P(VDF-TrFE) can improve the carrier lifetimes and reduce the charge transfer resistance, which in turn allows to improve photovoltaic performance. For an optimized concentration of P(VDF-TrFE), the fabricated semi-transparent solar cells yielded power conversion efficiency in excess of 10%, which supersede pristine devices along with improved stability. The device architect and the fabrication technique provide an effective route to fabricate cost effective and visible-light-semi-transparent perovskite solar cells.</p>


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafez Nikbakht ◽  
Ahmed Esmail Shalan ◽  
Manuel Salado ◽  
Abbas Assadi ◽  
Parviz Boroojerdian ◽  
...  

<p>The performance of methylammonium lead triiodide (CH<sub>3</sub>NH<sub>3</sub>PbI<sub>3</sub>) based solar cells depends on its crystallization and controlled microstructure. In spite of its high performance, long-term stability is a paramount factor towards its large area fabrication and potential industrialization. Herein, we have employed poly(vinylidene fluoride−trifluoro ethylene) P(VDF-TrFE) as an additive into a low concentration based perovskite precursor solutions to control the crystallinity and microstructure. Perovskite layers of lower thickness can be derived from low precursor concentration, however it often suffers from severe voids and roughness. Introducing judicious quantities of P(VDF-TrFE) can improve the surface coverage, smoothness as well as reduces the grain boundaries in the perovskite. An array of characterization techniques were utilized to probe the structural, microstructural and spectroscopic properties. Impedance spectra suggests, the P(VDF-TrFE) can improve the carrier lifetimes and reduce the charge transfer resistance, which in turn allows to improve photovoltaic performance. For an optimized concentration of P(VDF-TrFE), the fabricated semi-transparent solar cells yielded power conversion efficiency in excess of 10%, which supersede pristine devices along with improved stability. The device architect and the fabrication technique provide an effective route to fabricate cost effective and visible-light-semi-transparent perovskite solar cells.</p>


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