scholarly journals Phytochemistry and antifungal potential of Datura inoxia Mill. on soil phytopathogen control

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosemary Matias ◽  
Valtecir Fernandes ◽  
Bianca Obes Corrêa ◽  
Silvia Rahe Pereira ◽  
Ademir Kleber Morbeck Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Solution ◽  
Family Farming ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Antifungal Potential ◽  
Datura Inoxia

The application of chemical pesticides for the control of fungal diseases results in impacts on the environment and human health. The use of vegetal extracts with antifungal properties for the proper management of crops becomes a viable alternative, mainly for organic and family farming. The objective of this study was to carry out the phytochemical evaluation of Datura inoxia, evaluating its antifungal potential against the mycelial growth of Fusarium solani and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. The extracts, aqueous and ethanolic, obtained from the leaves of the plant collected in areas of the municipality of Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, were submitted to phytochemical prospecting and quantification of flavonoids and total phenols. It was evaluated its antifungal activity at concentrations of 800, 1200, 1600, 2000, and 2400 μg 100 mL-1. Each concentration was separately incorporated into BDA agar, poured into Petri dishes, and inoculated with the mycelial disc of the fungus. The diameter of the colonies were measured daily. Two solutions were prepared as control, one containing the solvent added to PDA medium (ethanol solution), and another with only PDA medium (without D. inoxia extract, control). In both extracts were found the same diversity of secondary metabolites (nine classes). The ethanolic extract, a solvent of lower polarity than water, was more efficient in the extraction of these constituents. Alkaloids and phenolic compounds were the most frequent compounds (100%). In relation to antifungal activity, the ethanolic extract provided 100% inhibition of mycelial growth of Sclerotinia sclerotitorum in all concentrations, relative to the control. On the other hand, the growth of Fusarium solani was only negatively affected at the highest concentrations of 800 and 1200 μmL-1 100 mL-1. The antifungal potential of Datura inoxia was probably related to the abundance of alkaloids and phenolic compounds in its chemical constitution that negatively effects the development of the vegetative mycelium.

scholarly journals Antifungal Activity of Securidaca longepedunculata and Acacia gourmaensis Hydro-ethanolic Extracts against Three Rice Seed-borne Fungi

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
Léon W. Nitiema ◽  
Fabrice W. Nikiema ◽  
Drissa Sérémé ◽  
Pierre A. E. D. Sombié
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Fusarium Moniliforme ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Curvularia Lunata ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Securidaca Longepedunculata

Aims: This study was undertaken to investigate the antifungal activities of Securidaca longepedunculata and Acacia gourmaensis bark hydro-ethanolic extract against Fusarium solani, Fusarium moniliforme and Curvularia lunata and to evaluate the percentages of germination and infection of infected rice seeds. Methods: Different extract concentrations ranging from 0.25, 0.5 and 1% were tested during 15 days using poisoned food technique method for in vitro antifungal activity against above three fungal strains. The same concentrations of extract were used to evaluate in vivo antifungal activity on rice seeds infected by these three fungal strains. Results: The extract of Securidaca longepedunculata had antifungal effect on Fusarium solani and Fusarium moniliforme and completely inhibited its mycelial growth at all tested concentrations (0.25, 0.5 and 1%). Curvularia lunata mycelial growth was inhibited of 84.7% by 1% Securidaca longepedunculata extract after five days of culture. However, mycelial growth of F. solani, F. moniliforme and C. lunata were increased with increasing concentration of Acacia gourmaensis extract. It has been observed that when Securidaca longepedunculata hydro-ethanolic extract concentration increased up to 1%, seeds germination percentage decreased for all infection. In contrast, the opposite was observed for Acacia gourmaensis extract. Likewise, seeds infection decreased with the highest concentration (1%) of Securidaca longepedunculata for all infection, whereas the opposite was observed with Acacia gourmaensis extract. Conclusion: This study showed that S. longepedunculata hydro-ethanolic extract has more antifungal activity against seed-borne fungi (F. solani, F. moniliforme and C. lunata) than A. gourmaensis in vitro and in vivo. Results show that Securidaca longepedunculata hydro-ethanolic bark extract can be used as a potential antifungal agent in the management of some rice fungal diseases. Acacia gourmaensis extract, at low concentration, could be used in rice seed treatment to increase seed germination.

scholarly journals Study of preparations of bee pollen extracts, antioxidant and antibacterial activity

2007 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 1818-1825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solange Teresinha Carpes ◽  
Rosicler Begnini ◽  
Severino Matias de Alencar ◽  
Maria Lúcia Masson
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Solution ◽  
Pollen Extract ◽  
Extraction Condition ◽  
Polyphenol Compounds ◽  
Significant Difference

The aim of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity, phenolic content and antibacterial activity of pollen extracts obtained with different concentrations of ethanol. Each extraction condition (ethanol solutions from 40 to 90%) had a different effect in the phenolic compounds content. Although, the pollen extract obtained at 60, 70 and 80% of ethanol showed relatively higher levels of phenolic compounds (>10 mg/g) and did not present statistical significant difference between the extraction conditions. The amount of total phenolics ranged from 3.6 to 8.1 and 6.6 to 10.9 mg GAE/g for Alagoas state and Parana state pollen, respectively. The higher value for antioxidant activity index was 83.30% for the pollen from Alagoas state and 81.15 % for Parana state pollen. The highest degree of antioxidant activity was found in the extraction at 60% of ethanol solution for Parana state pollen, which also showed the highest concentration of polyphenol compounds. Staphylococcus aureus was inhibited by the ethanolic extract of Alagoas state pollen in all the concentrations of solvent, except the ethanolic extract of pollen at 90%. The extract at 60% of ethanol solution (Parana sample) inhibited Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella sp.

scholarly journals Phytochemistry, antioxidant potential and antifungal of Byrsonima crassifolia on soil phytopathogen control

2017 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. S. Andrade ◽  
R. Matias ◽  
B. O. Corrêa ◽  
A. K. M. Oliveira ◽  
D. G. F. Guidolin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Production Control ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethanol Solution ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Cultural Management ◽  
Byrsonima Crassifolia ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul

Abstract The use of chemical defensives to control fungal diseases has by consequence to impact negatively over the environment and human health, this way, the use of plant extracts with antifungal properties along with proper cultural management makes viable an alternative plant production control, specially for familiar and organic cultures. The objective of this study was to perform phytochemical and antioxidant analysis of Byrsonima crassifolia (canjiqueira) barks and evaluate its antifungal potential over Fusarium solani and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum mycelial growth. The ethanol extract from plants collected in Pantanal, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil was submitted to phytochemical prospection, total phenol and flavonoids quantification and antioxidant activiy determination (DPPH). To evaluate antifungal activity concentrations of 800, 1200, 1600, 2000 and 2400 µg 100 mL-1 of ethanol extract were used. Which concentration was separately incorporated in agar (PDA) and shed in Petri dishes, followed by the fungi mycelial disc where the colonies diameter was measured daily. Negatives control with agar without extract and agar with an ethanol solution were used. The B. crassifolia ethanol extract presented inhibitory activity over the fungi studied where concentrations of 800 and 1600 µg 100 mL-1, inhibited 38% of the mycelial growth of F. solani; to S. sclerotiorum the best concentration was 2400 µg 100 mL1, reducing 37.5%. The antifungal bark extract potential of this specie is attributed to phenolic compounds and to triterpenes derivatives.

scholarly journals Antifungal potential and biochemical effects of monoterpenes and phenylpropenes on plant

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 9-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marei Gehan I Kh ◽  
Abdelgaleil Samir A M
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Alternaria Solani ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Separate Experiment ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Growth Inhibition Assay ◽  
Biochemical Effects ◽  
Antifungal Potential

To develop new natural fungicides, six monoterpenes and two phenylpropenes were tested for their antifungal activity against eight plant pathogenic fungi. The results of the mycelial growth inhibition assay showed that trans-cinnamaldehyde was the most potent compound against the eight tested fungi with EC<sub>50</sub> values ranging between 0.75 and 3.19 mg/l. This compound caused the higher mycelial growth inhibition than carbendazim. Furthermore, (–)-menthone exhibited strong antifungal activity against Alternaria solani (EC<sub>50</sub> = 9.31 mg/l), Penicillium digitatum (EC<sub>50</sub> = 16.14 mg/l), and Rhizoctonia solani (EC<sub>50</sub> = 24.69 mg/l). Likewise, eugenol showed potent antifungal activity against P. digitatum, R. solani, Fusarium solani, and A. solani, whereas EC<sub>50</sub> values were less than 30.0 mg/l. In a separate experiment, trans-cinnamaldehyde, p-cymene, eugenol, and (–)-menthone were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on pectin methyl esterase and cellulase. The tested compounds exhibited the pronounced inhibition of enzyme activities with trans-cinnamaldehyde being the most potent inhibitor for both enzymes.

scholarly journals RESEARCH OF ANTIFUNGAL POTENTIAL OF Sida planicaulis Cav. (MALVACEAE) FUNGUS FILAMENTOSOS FRONT

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (31) ◽  
pp. 607-615
Author(s):  
Ana Laura de Cabral SOBREIRA ◽  
Ana Clara da Rocha SOUSA ◽  
Egberto Santos CARMO ◽  
Danielly Albuquerque DA COSTA
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Rhizopus Oryzae ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Microsporum Canis ◽  
Antifungal Potential ◽  
Propagation Technique

Sida planicaulis, popularly known as "vassoura", is very common in Curimataú Paraibano, although little studied in relation to its antimicrobial potential. This study aimed to investigate the antifungal activity of the crude ethanolic extract and its phases: hexane, chloroform, aceto- and hydroalcoholic phase of the plant on the filamentous fungi Rhizopus oryzae, Exophyala werneckii, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Cladosporum 2B3 and Microsporum canis. The antifungal activity was verified by the propagation technique in Agar. Incubation was carried out in a bacteriological oven at 28ºC for 7 to 15 days. The antifungal activity was evaluated by the values of the inhibition halos, the concentration of the Minimal Inhibitory by the microdilution technique, where all testes were performed in triplicate. The results showed antifungal activity against the microorganism Trichophyton mentagrophytes, the values of the inhibition halos varied between 15 and 36 mm, Third, species of extract and phases are not an antifungal activity. It can be concluded that the samples used are specific to the inhibitory plane against the fungus T. mentagrophytes, but did not obtain the units used for the development of a new antifungal.

scholarly journals Seasonality on the antifungal potential of green propolis collected in Campo Grande - MS, Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daiane Martini ◽  
Giselle Feliciani Barbosa ◽  
Rosemary Matias ◽  
Wolff Camargo Marques Filho ◽  
Nayara Zielasko Trombini Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Antifungal Potential ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
First Moment ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul

ABSTRACT: Apis melífera L. propolis is a resinous and balsamic material whose biological effects are related to its chemical composition. This chemical composition is greatly influenced by seasonality, so propolis from different seasons and regions has a different chemical composition. The increasing need for natural options to control fungi that cause damage to food crops makes propolis an alternative that deserves more research. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of seasonality on the antifungal potential of propolis collected in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, on the fungus Lasiodiplodia theobromae . Effects of different concentrations of ethanolic extracts of green propolis on the mycelial growth of the pathogen were evaluated. Concentrations of flavonoids and phenolic compounds in the samples were also determined by spectrophotometric methods. Results showed that the propolis extracts have a different chemical composition, potential fungi static effects on the tested fungus, and that there is interference of seasonality on the mycelial growth of the fungus, pointing to the concentration of 1250µg 100mL-1of the samples collected in the summer, in a first moment, as the most efficient.

scholarly journals Antifungal Activity of Forty Higher Plants against Phytopathogenic Fungi

1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaripa Begum ◽  
Mohammad Yusuf ◽  
Jashim Uddin Chowdhury ◽  
Saifulla Khan ◽  
M Nural Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Acorus Calamus ◽  
Alternative Source

Ethanolic extract of 40 higher plants representing 23 families were tested for antifungal activity against some phytopathogenic fungi. The two most active plants showing potent antifungal activity were Acorus calamus and Piper betel. The rhizome extract of A. calamus exhibited highest antifungal activity inhibiting the mycelial growth completely (100%) against all the 6 test pathogens. P. betel exhibited more than 50% inhibition against most of the test fungi. The ethanolic extract of several higher plants could be used as alternative source of antifungal agents for protection of plants or crops against fungal infection.Keywords: Antifungal activity, Phytopathogenic fungi, Higher plantsDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v24i1.1245 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 24, Number 1, June 2007, pp 76-78

scholarly journals Antifungal Activity of the Extract of a Macroalgae, Gracilariopsis persica, against Four Plant Pathogenic Fungi

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1781
Author(s):  
Latifeh Pourakbar ◽  
Sina Siavash Moghaddam ◽  
Hesham Ali El Enshasy ◽  
R. Z. Sayyed
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Rosmarinic Acid ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Active Compounds

Nowadays, the extract of seaweeds has drawn attention as a rich source of bioactive metabolites. Seaweeds are known for their biologically active compounds whose antibacterial and antifungal activities have been documented. This research aimed to study the profile of phenolic compounds using the HPLC method and determine biologically active compounds using the GC-MS method and the antifungal activity of Gracilariopsis persica against plant pathogenic fungi. G. persica was collected from its natural habitat in Suru of Bandar Abbas, Iran, dried, and extracted by methanol. The quantitative results on phenolic compounds using the HPLC method showed that the most abundant compounds in G. persica were rosmarinic acid (20.9 ± 0.41 mg/kg DW) and quercetin (11.21 ± 0.20 mg/kg DW), and the least abundant was cinnamic acid (1.4 ± 0.10 mg/kg DW). The GC-MS chromatography revealed 50 peaks in the methanolic extract of G. persica, implying 50 compounds. The most abundant components included cholest-5-en-3-ol (3 beta) (27.64%), palmitic acid (17.11%), heptadecane (7.71%), and palmitic acid methyl ester (6.66%). The antifungal activity of different concentrations of the extract was determined in vitro. The results as to the effect of the alga extract at the rates of 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1000 μL on the mycelial growth of four important plant pathogenic fungi, including Botrytis cinerea, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium expansum, and Pyricularia oryzae, revealed that the mycelial growth of all four fungi was lower at higher concentrations of the alga extract. However, the extract concentration of 1000 μL completely inhibited their mycelial growth. The antifungal activity of this alga may be related to the phenolic compounds, e.g., rosmarinic acid and quercetin, as well as compounds such as palmitic acid, oleic acid, and other components identified using the GC-MS method whose antifungal effects have already been confirmed.

scholarly journals Antifungal Activity of Crude Extracts of Some Medicinal Plants against Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc.

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 75-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asha Kaji Shrestha ◽  
R. D. Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Potato Tuber ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Phyllanthus Emblica ◽  
Eupatorium Adenophorum ◽  
Test Fungus ◽  
Crude Extracts

The crude extracts of six plants viz, Allium sativum, Capsicum annuum, Artimesia vulgaris, Eupatorium adenophorum, Gaultheria fragrantissima and Phyllanthus emblica were assessed in vitro for activity against fungi Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc., the causal agent of dry potato tuber rot. Pathogenecity test was confirmed by inoculating the pathogen into the healthy potato tuber. The assessment of fungitoxicity was carried out by poisoned food technique using ten different concentrations (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 and 100%) against the test fungus. Assessment was carried out in terms of percentage of mycelial growth inhibition of the test fungus. The extracts of all the plant species were found to be effective in inhibiting the mycelial growth. The extract of A. sativum completely inhibited the mycelial growth of the test fungus at the concentration of 40% and the extracts of Capsicum annuum and Phyllanthus emblica inhibited the mycelial growth completely at the concentration of 100%. Key words: Plant extracts, antifungal activity. DOI: 10.3126/eco.v16i0.3476ECOPRINT 16: 75-78, 2009

scholarly journals Antifungal Activity of Copper, Zinc and Potassium Compounds on Mycelial Growth and Conidial Germination of Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Aparecida Ahnert Dos Santos ◽  
Verônica D’Addazio ◽  
João Vitor Garcia Silva ◽  
Antelmo Ralph Falqueto ◽  
Marcelo Barreto da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Conidial Germination ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar Medium ◽  
Copper Zinc

Fusariosis is a disease that causes economic damage to black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) producers. Despite being a major disease, there is no record of efficient chemical control. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the antifungal activity of copper, zinc and potassium compounds in mycelial growth and conidial germination of Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis in vitro. For inoculation in PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar) medium, 7 mm discs from the pure culture were transferred to Petri dishes. The plates were incubated at 25ºC in a biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) chamber, with photoperiod of 12 h, for 15 days. Micronutrients were supplied as sulfates, CuSO4 (copper sulfate) and ZnSO4 (zinc sulfate), at concentrations of 1, 5, 10, 15 and 20 mmol/L. Potassium macronutrient (K) was supplied as KCl (potassium chloride) at concentrations of 30, 60, 90,120 and 150 mmol/L. The experiment was performed using a completely randomized design with 6 treatments and ten replications. CuSO4 showed fungicidal effect at concentrations of 10, 15 and 20 mmol/L. For ZnSO4 mycelial growth was completely inhibited at concentrations of 15 and 20 mmol/L. There was no inhibition or reduction of fungal growth in the presence of K. Copper and zinc at minimal concentrations were efficient in controlling mycelial growth and inhibition of spore germination of F. solani f. sp. piperis. In contrast, potassium did not exert fungicidal or fungistatic effect on the fungus.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document