scholarly journals MANETs performance analysis with dos attack at different routing protocols

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaa Zain ◽  
Heba El-khobby ◽  
Hatem M. Abd Elkader ◽  
Mostafa Abdelnaby
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Denial Of Service ◽  
Geographic Routing ◽  
Security Threat ◽  
Dos Attacks ◽  
Reactive Routing ◽  
Hoc Networks ◽  
The Impact

A Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks (MANET) is widely used in many industrial and people's life applications, such as earth monitoring, natural disaster prevention, agriculture biomedical related applications, and many other areas. Security threat is one of the major aspects of MANET, as it is one of the basic requirements of wireless sensor network, yet this problem has not been sufficiently explored. The main purpose of this paper is to study different MANETs routing protocols with three scenarios of Denial of Service (DoS) attacks on network layer using proactive routing protocol i.e. Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) and Reactive routing protocols like Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV), Hybrid routing protocols like Geographic Routing Protocol (GRP). Moreover, a comparative analysis of DoS attacks for throughput, Data loss, delay and network load is taken into account. The performance of MANET under the attack is studied to find out which protocol is more vulnerable to the attack and how much is the impact of the attack on both protocols. The simulation is done using OPNET 17.

scholarly journals Determining an optimum zone radius for zone routing protocol (ZRP) based on node mobility

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 1230
Author(s):  
Khalid W. Al-Ani ◽  
Salman Yussof ◽  
Hussein M. Haglan ◽  
Hothefa Shaker ◽  
Linda Mahdi Alani
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Node Mobility ◽  
Hybrid Routing ◽  
Zone Routing Protocol ◽  
Reactive Routing ◽  
Manet Routing ◽  
Hoc Networks ◽  
Zone Radius

Mobility is one of the important issues in Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANET). By definition, MANET nodes are free to move around and this may cause difficulty in routing. MANET routing protocols must consider this factor when making routing decision. Zone Routing Protocol (ZRP) is a hybrid routing protocol, which utilizes the proactive and reactive routing protocols advantages. ZRP proactively maintains routing information within a routing zone, while reactively discovering routes to destinations beyond the routing zone. Since ZRP is based on the concept of routing zone, determining an optimum routing zone radius has the major impact on the performance of that protocol. In this research, we studied the effect of zone radius on the performance of ZRP with different levels of node mobility. Node mobility is defined using two different parameters: node speed and pause time. Based on the simulation results, ZRP protocol using zone radius of two provides the best packet delivery fraction, throughput and normalized routing load. However, a larger zone radius will provide a lower delay.

scholarly journals Performance of Reactive Routing Protocols DSR and AODV in Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks Based on Quality of Service (Qos) Metrics

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 2033-2039
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Node Density ◽  
Traffic Models ◽  
Reactive Routing ◽  
Hoc Networks

This article analyzes and compares the service quality metrics in reactive routing protocols AODV and DSR in VANET. Through the revision of the recorded information we study the characteristics, classification, applications and different traffic models. All these parameters are taken into account in the modelling of vehicular traffic in the downtown of Loja City. In order to get the corresponding results, three different scenarios each with a different node density have been created. According to the collected data, it is possible to verify which routing protocol is the most suitable for the Ad-Hoc networks proposed in this study.

Evaluating the Impact of DDoS Attacks in Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Kaushik Adhikary ◽  
Shashi Bhushan ◽  
Sunil Kumar ◽  
Kamlesh Dutta
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Denial Of Service ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Ddos Attacks ◽  
Dos Attacks ◽  
Ddos Attack ◽  
Hoc Networks ◽  
The Impact

The presence of either malicious vehicles or inaccessibility of network services makes vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) easy targets for denial of service (DoS) attacks. The sole purpose of DoS attacks is to prevent the intended users from accessing the available resources and services. When the DoS attack is carried out by multiple vehicles distributed throughout the network, it is referred as distributed DoS (DDoS) attack. A lot of works have been done by researchers in securing the vehicular communication against the DDoS attacks. In this paper, efforts have been made to simulate the DDoS attacks in VANETs as well as to study their impact on the performance of networks. The experimental results are presented using six important metrics, which are collision, jitter, delay, packet drop, ratio-in-out, and throughput. The experimental results show that the impact of distributed DoS (DDoS) attack on networks performance is very critical and must be addressed to ensure the smooth functioning of networks.

scholarly journals Performance Enhancement of Optimized Link State Routing Protocol by Parameter Configuration for UANET

Drones ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Esmot Ara Tuli ◽  
Mohtasin Golam ◽  
Dong-Seong Kim ◽  
Jae-Min Lee
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Geographic Routing ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Link State ◽  
Parameter Configuration ◽  
Hoc Networks ◽  
Dynamic Attributes ◽  
Optimized Link State Routing

The growing need for wireless communication has resulted in the widespread usage of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in a variety of applications. Designing a routing protocol for UAVs is paramount as well as challenging due to its dynamic attributes. The difficulty stems from features other than mobile ad hoc networks (MANET), such as aerial mobility in 3D space and frequently changing topology. This paper analyzes the performance of four topology-based routing protocols, dynamic source routing (DSR), ad hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV), geographic routing protocol (GRP), and optimized link state routing (OLSR), by using practical simulation software OPNET 14.5. Performance evaluation carries out various metrics such as throughput, delay, and data drop rate. Moreover, the performance of the OLSR routing protocol is enhanced and named “E-OLSR” by tuning parameters and reducing holding time. The optimized E-OLSR settings provide better performance than the conventional request for comments (RFC 3626) in the experiment, making it suitable for use in UAV ad hoc network (UANET) environments. Simulation results indicate the proposed E-OLSR outperforms the existing OLSR and achieves supremacy over other protocols mentioned in this paper.

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of GPSR and AODV Routing Protocols in MANETS

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2S) ◽  
pp. 459-461
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Protocol Performance ◽  
Military Applications ◽  
Wireless Medium ◽  
Distance Vector ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
Hoc Networks

Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are collection of nodes connected through wireless medium and do not require infrastructure for operation. Network Topology keeps on changing because mobility of nodes are high. Therefore, it is important for MANETs to provide excellent routing and security features. Since MANETs do not require any pre-existing infrastructure, they are extensively used in emergency and rescue and military applications. MANETs thus will form essentially an important part in wireless networks. In this paper, Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) and Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing (GPSR) routing protocol performance is compared with respect to Throughput and E2ED and observed that there is an improvement in throughput by 11% in case of GPSR. Simulation is performed using NS3.

Cross-Layer Multimedia QoS Provisioning over Ad Hoc Networks

2012 ◽  
pp. 460-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raad Alturki ◽  
Rashid Mehmood
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Geographic Routing ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Large Networks ◽  
Link State ◽  
Hoc Networks ◽  
Qos Performance ◽  
Future Work

The HCPR scheme is implemented as an extension to the OPNET simulation software and is analysed in detail for its QoS performance to deliver multimedia applications over ad hoc networks. It is compared with three well-known and widely used routing protocols: Ad Hoc On Demand Distance Vector (AODV), Optimised Link State Routing (OLSR), and Geographic Routing Protocol (GRP). Several networking scenarios have been carefully configured with variations in networks sizes, applications, codecs, and routing protocols to extensively analyse the proposed scheme. The HCPR enabled ad hoc network outperforms the well-known routing schemes, in particular for relatively large networks and high QoS network loads. These results are promising because many QoS schemes do work for small networks and low network loads but are unable to sustain performance for large networks and high QoS loads. Several directions to extend this research for future work are given.

An Efficient Two-Mode Routing Protocol in Dense and Sparse Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

2015 ◽  
Vol 764-765 ◽  
pp. 817-821
Author(s):  
Ing Chau Chang ◽  
Yuan Fen Wang ◽  
Chien Hsun Li ◽  
Cheng Fu Chou
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Intersection Graph ◽  
Least Cost Path ◽  
Transmission Delays ◽  
Packet Delivery ◽  
Hoc Networks

This paper adopts a two-mode intersection graph-based routing protocol to support efficient packet forwarding for both dense and sparse vehicular ad hoc networks (VANET). We first create an intersection graph (IG) consisting of all connected road segments, which densities are high enough. Hence, the source vehicle leverages the proposed IG/IG bypass mode to greedily forward unicast packets to the boundary intersection via the least cost path of current IG. We then perform the IG-Ferry mode to spray a limited number of packet copies via relay vehicles to reach the boundary intersection of another IG where the destination vehicle resides. NS2 simulations are conducted to show that the two-mode IG/IG-Ferry outperforms well-known VANET routing protocols, in terms of average packet delivery ratios and end-to-end transmission delays.

Mitigate DoS and DDoS Attack in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonis Michalas ◽  
Nikos Komninos ◽  
Neeli R. Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Denial Of Service ◽  
Ddos Attacks ◽  
Dos Attacks ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc ◽  
Hoc Networks ◽  
Cryptographic Puzzles

This paper proposes a technique to defeat Denial of Service (DoS) and Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks in Ad Hoc Networks. The technique is divided into two main parts and with game theory and cryptographic puzzles. Introduced first is a new client puzzle to prevent DoS attacks in such networks. The second part presents a multiplayer game that takes place between the nodes of an ad hoc network and based on fundamental principles of game theory. By combining computational problems with puzzles, improvement occurs in the efficiency and latency of the communicating nodes and resistance in DoS and DDoS attacks. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the approach for devices with limited resources and for environments like ad hoc networks where nodes must exchange information quickly.

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