Removal of Inorganic Contaminants Using Manufacturing Porous Media

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.20) ◽  
pp. 142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadiq Salman Muhsun ◽  
Karim Rashid Gubashi ◽  
Rawaa Fahim Chyad ◽  
Zainab T. Al-Sharify
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Porous Media ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Inorganic Contaminants ◽  
Flow Discharge ◽  
Detention Time

The objective of the experimental work performed in this study is to analyze the adsorption of the total organic carbon from aqueous solutions using a manufacturing porous media of Activated Ceramic (ACR) in a continuous flow system, consisting of horizontal PVC pipes of 150 mm diameter and 6 m length without membranes. The discharge of the polluted water in the system was varied at values of 10, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 L/hr while the contaminants were changed in concentrations of high and low with the measurement of pressure. The results show that in order to increase the removal efficiency of heavy metals, the detention time and the length of the pipe must be increased. The decrease in flow discharge results in an increase in the removal efficiency of the heavy metals while the results for the removal process of the ACR media were: Mn+2> Cr+3 > Fe+2 > Cu+2 > Zn+2.  

Utilisation of Biomass and Hybrid Biochar from Elephant Grass and Low Density Polyethylene for the Competitive Adsorption of Pb(II), Cu(II), Fe(II) and Zn(II) from Aqueous Media

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua O. Ighalo ◽  
Lois T. Arowoyele ◽  
Samuel Ogunniyi ◽  
Comfort A. Adeyanju ◽  
Folasade M. Oladipo-Emmanuel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Competitive Adsorption ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Elephant Grass

Background: The presence of pollutants in polluted water is not singularized hence pollutant species are constantly in competition for active sites during the adsorption process. A key advantage of competitive adsorption studies is that it informs on the adsorbent performance in real water treatment applications. Objective: This study aims to investigate the competitive adsorption of Pb(II), Cu(II), Fe(II) and Zn(II) using elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) biochar and hybrid biochar from LDPE. Method: The produced biochar was characterised by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The effect of adsorption parameters, equilibrium isotherm modelling and parametric studies were conducted based on data from the batch adsorption experiments. Results: For both adsorbents, the removal efficiency was >99% over the domain of the entire investigation for dosage and contact time suggesting that they are very efficient for removing multiple heavy metals from aqueous media. It was observed that removal efficiency was optimal at 2 g/l dosage and contact time of 20 minutes for both adsorbent types. The Elovich isotherm and the pseudo-second order kinetic models were best-fit for the competitive adsorption process. Conclusion: The study was able to successfully reveal that biomass biochar from elephant grass and hybrid biochar from LDPE can be used as effective adsorbent material for the removal of heavy metals from aqueous media. This study bears a positive implication for environmental protection and solid waste management.

scholarly journals Remediation of Arsenic-contaminated Soil in Northwestern China by Pseudomonas Taiwanensis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengbo Liu ◽  
Shengli Wang ◽  
Meng Yang ◽  
Xiang Ning ◽  
Zhongren Nan
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Logarithmic Phase ◽  
Microbial Remediation ◽  
Practical Engineering ◽  
Ph Conditions ◽  
Iron And Manganese

Abstract The physiological resistance of Pseudomonas taiwanensis to heavy metals was studied and used to repair heavy metal contaminated water and soil. The results showed that the suitable pH conditions for the growth of P. taiwanensis were 5-9, and the salt tolerance was 6%. The tolerance concentrations for heavy metals As(V) and Mn(II) were 500 mg L-1 and 120 mg L-1, respectively. The strains were enriched by nutrient broth(NB) medium. After logarithmic phase, the bacteria liquid was mixed with ATCCTM#279 medium in proportion, and a certain amount of Mn(II) was added. The results of removing heavy metals As, Pb and Cd in the composite polluted water phase were 22.09%, 30.75% and 35.33%. The molar ratio of manganese and iron will affect the removal efficiency of single pollution heavy arsenic. When the ratio of iron and manganese is 1:5, the highest removal efficiency is 68%. However, when the remediation method is added to the soil, it cannot fix all metals, such as Cu and Zn. This remediation method provides a reference for the practical engineering application of microbial remediation.

Nitrification and Autotrophic Denitrification in Calcium Alginate Beads

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 175-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Lewandowski ◽  
R. Bakke ◽  
W. G. Characklis
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Calcium Ions ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Calcium Alginate ◽  
Microbial Respiration ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Alginate Beads ◽  
Alginate Gel ◽  
Gel Beads ◽  
Calcium Alginate Gel

Immobilization of nitrifiers and autotrophic denitrifiers (Thiobacillus denitrificans) within calcium alginate gel was demonstrated. Calcium carbonate reagent was immobilized along with bacteria as the stabilizing agent. Protons released as a result of microbial respiration reacted with calcium carbonate producing calcium ions which internally stabilized the calcium alginate gel. The microbially active gel beads were mechanically stable and active for three months in a continuous flow system without addition of calcium.

Effect of electroporation in a continuous flow system on bioaccumulation of magnesium, zinc and calcium ions in Lactobacillus rhamnosus B 442 cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 107769
Author(s):  
Sujka Monika ◽  
Pankiewicz Urszula ◽  
Flisar Karel ◽  
Miklavčič Damijan ◽  
Haberl-Meglič Sasa
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Ions ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Continuous Flow System

Developments of a continuous-flow system with immobilized biocatalysts towards sustainable bioprocessing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Apisit Naramittanakul ◽  
Supacha Buttranon ◽  
A. Petchsuk ◽  
Pimchai Chaiyen ◽  
Nopphon Weeranoppanant
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Continuous Flow System ◽  
P Immobilization ◽  
Feasible Solutions

Immobilization methods have emerged as feasible solutions for increasing the re-usability of biocatalysts, and for simplifying their separation from the desired products. Immobilized biocatalysts can directly be applied to a...

scholarly journals Continuous-Flow Processes for the Production of Floxacin Intermediates: Efficient C–C Bond Formation through a Rapid and Strong Activation of Carboxylic Acids

2020 ◽  
Vol 02 (03) ◽  
pp. e128-e132
Author(s):  
Shao-Zheng Guo ◽  
Zhi-Qun Yu ◽  
Wei-Ke Su
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Bond Formation ◽  
Product Yield ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Material Consumption ◽  
Tank Reactor ◽  
Mild Conditions ◽  
Flow Processes

AbstractThe development of highly efficient C–C bond formation methods for the synthesis of ethyl 2-(2,4-dichloro-5-fluorobenzoyl)-3-(dimethylamino)acrylate 1 in continuous flow processes has been described, which is based on the concept of rapid and efficient activation of carboxylic acid. 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluorobenzoic acid is rapidly converted into highly reactive 2,4-dichloro-5-fluorobenzoyl chloride by treating with inexpensive and less-toxic solid bis(trichloromethyl)carbonate. And then it rapidly reacts with ethyl 3-(dimethylamino)acrylate to afford the desired 1. This process can be performed under mild conditions. Compared with the traditional tank reactor process, less raw material consumption, higher product yield, less reaction time, higher operation safety ensured by more the environmentally friendly procedure, and process continuity are achieved in the continuous-flow system.

scholarly journals Investigation of Heavy Metal Effects on the Anaerobic Co-Digestion Process of Waste Activated Sludge and Septic Tank Sludge

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Quang-Minh Nguyen ◽  
Duy-Cam Bui ◽  
Thao Phuong ◽  
Van-Huong Doan ◽  
Thi-Nham Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Septic Tank ◽  
Waste Activated Sludge ◽  
Digestion Process ◽  
Cod Removal Efficiency

The effect of copper, zinc, chromium, and lead on the anaerobic co-digestion of waste activated sludge and septic tank sludge in Hanoi was studied in the fermentation tests by investigating the substrate degradation, biogas production, and process stability at the mesophilic fermentation. The tested heavy metals were in a range of concentrations between 19 and 80 ppm. After the anaerobic tests, the TS, VS, and COD removal efficiency was 4.12%, 9.01%, and 23.78% for the Cu(II) added sample. Similarly, the efficiencies of the Zn(II) sample were 1.71%, 13.87%, and 16.1% and Cr(VI) efficiencies were 15.28%, 6.6%, and 18.65%, while the TS, VS, and COD removal efficiency of the Pb(II) added sample was recorded at 16.1%, 17.66%, and 16.03% at the concentration of 80 ppm, respectively. Therefore, the biogas yield also decreased by 36.33%, 31.64%, 31.64%, and 30.60% for Cu(II), Zn(II), Cr(VI), and Pb(II) at the concentration of 80 ppm, compared to the raw sample, respectively. These results indicated that Cu(II) had more inhibiting effect on the anaerobic digestion of the sludge mixture than Zn(II), Cr(VI), and Pb(II). The relative toxicity of these heavy metals to the co-digestion process was as follows: Cu (the most toxic) > Zn > Cr > Pb (the least toxic). The anaerobic co-digestion process was inhibited at high heavy metal concentration, which resulted in decreased removal of organic substances and produced biogas.

Enhancing the soil heavy metals removal efficiency by adding HPMA and PBTCA along with plant washing agents

2017 ◽  
Vol 339 ◽  
pp. 33-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaru Cao ◽  
Shirong Zhang ◽  
Guiyin Wang ◽  
Ting Li ◽  
Xiaoxun Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Heavy Metals Removal ◽  
Soil Heavy Metals ◽  
Metals Removal
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