scholarly journals Performance and Emission Characteristics of a Four Stroke Spark Ignition Engine with Recirculation of Hot and Cold Exhaust Gases

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.5) ◽  
pp. 405
Author(s):  
Aritra Ganguly ◽  
Baidya Nath Murmu ◽  
Somnath Chakrabarti
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Intake Manifold ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Brake Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Brake Thermal Efficiency

An experiment has been conducted on a four-stroke, four-cylinder spark ignition engine with and without recirculation of exhaust gas for different loads at a constant speed. Two cases were considered, the first in which 10% and later 20% of the exhaust gas was directly supplied to the intake manifold at a temperature of 820°C, while in the second case the same proportions of exhaust gas were cooled in a heat-exchanger to a temperature of 210°C before supply. Engine performance parameters like brake specific fuel consumption, brake thermal efficiency were evaluated under those conditions and compared with the same engine operating without recirculation. The corresponding emission characteristics of the engine were also measured using an exhaust gas analyzer which measured the amount of NOx, CO, CO2 and un-burnt HC. The performance and emissions characteristics of the engine obtained with hot and cold EGR were compared with reference to the same engine operating without EGR. The study revealed that the performance of the engine was better in terms of brake thermal efficiency and brake specific fuel consumption with cold EGR compared to hot EGR. However, the emissions of CO and HC were higher with cold EGR compared to that of hot EGR.   

EGR Effect On Performance of a Spark Ignition Engine Fueled with Blend of Methanol-Gasoline

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-92
Author(s):  
Miqdam Tariq Chaichan
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Compression Ratio ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Brake Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Brake Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Spark Timing

This paper examines the results of performance of a single cylinder spark-   ignition engine fuelled with 20% methanol +80% gasoline (M20), compared to gasoline. The experiments were conducted at stoichiometric air–fuel ratio at wide open throttle and variable speed conditions, over the range of 1000 to 2600 rpm. The tests were conducted at higher useful compression ratio using optimum spark timings and adding recirculated exhaust gas with 20% to suction manifold. The test results show that the higher compression ratio for the tested gasoline was 7:1, 9.5:1 for M20 and 9:1 for M20 with added EGR. M20 at higher useful compression ratio (HUCR) and optimum spark timing (OST) characteristics are significantly different from gasoline. Within the tested speed range, M20 consistently produces higher brake thermal efficiency by about 6%. Also it resulted in approximately 3.06% lower brake specific fuel consumption compared with gasoline. Adding EGR to M20 caused reduction in HUCR and advancing the OST. This addition increased brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), reduced brake thermal energy, volumetric efficiency and exhaust gas temperatures.

scholarly journals An Assessment on Performance Characteristics of Diesel Engine Using Lemongrass-Diesel Oil Fuel Blends

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naveen Rana ◽  
Harikrishna Nagwan ◽  
Kannan Manickam
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Brake Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Brake Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Fuel Blends

Abstract Indeed, the development of alternative fuels for use in internal combustion engines has become an essential requirement to meet the energy demand and to deal with the different problems related to fuel. The research in this domain leads to the identification of adverse fuel properties and for their solution standard limits are being defined. This paper outlines an investigation of performance and combustion characteristics of a 4-stroke diesel engine using different cymbopogon (lemongrass) - diesel fuel blends. 10% to 40% cymbopogon is mixed with diesel fuel and tested for performance characteristics like brake specific fuel consumption and brake thermal efficiency. To obtain emission characteristics smoke density in the terms of HSU has been measured. In result, it has observed that there is an increase of 5% in brake thermal efficiency and 16.33% decrease in brake specific fuel consumption. Regarding emission characteristics, a 12.9% decrease in smoke emission has been found.

scholarly journals EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF THE COMBUSTION CHAMBER COATED WITH Mo AND Al2O3-TiO2 IN A DIESEL ENGINE

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Murugan Kuppusamy ◽  
Thirumalai Ramanathan ◽  
Udhayakumar Krishnavel ◽  
Seenivasan Murugesan
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Ceramic Powder ◽  
Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Emission Characteristic ◽  
Powder Materials ◽  
Brake Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Brake Thermal Efficiency

The effect of thermal-barrier coatings (TBCs) reduces fuel consumption, effectively improving the engine efficiency. This research focused on a TBC with a thickness of 300 µm insulating the combustion chamber of a direct ignition (DI) engine. The piston crown, inlet and exhaust-valve head were coated using air-plasma-spray coating. Ceramic powder materials such as molybdenum (Mo) and aluminum oxide titanium dioxide (Al2O3-TiO2) were used. A performance test of the engine with the coated combustion chamber was carried out to investigate the brake power, brake thermal efficiency, volumetric efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption and air-fuel ratio. Also, an emission-characteristic test was carried out to investigate the emissions of unburned hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NO, NO2, NO3) and smoke opacity (SO). The results reveal that the brake thermal efficiency and brake specific fuel consumption show significant increases because of these coating materials. The effect of the Al2O3-TiO2 coating significantly reduces the HC and CO engine emissions.

Impact of Oxidation Inhibitors on Performance and Emission Characteristics of a Low Heat Rejection Engine

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
P.S. Kumar ◽  
S.A. Kannan ◽  
A. Kumar ◽  
K.A.V. Geethan
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Nox Emission ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Brake Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Heat Rejection ◽  
Oxidation Inhibitors ◽  
Low Heat Rejection Engine

In this study, for the first time analysis of a low heat rejection engine was carried out along with the addition of oxidation inhibitors. If the combustion chamber components of the engine such as piston, cylinder head, and inlet and outlet valves are insulated with a thermal barrier material, then the engine will be referred as low heat rejection engine. In this study yttria stabilized zirconia was coated on the combustion chamber components for a thickness of about 150 microns. Then the analysis of performance parameters such as brake thermal efficiency and specific fuel consumption and emission characteristics such as emission of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon and nitrogen oxide was carried out in single cylinder four stroke diesel engine with electrical loading using diesel and pongamia methyl ester as the fuels. The major problem associated with the usage of biodiesels and low heat rejection engine is the increased NOX emission than the normal engine operated with the diesel. This problem has been overcome by the usage of oxidation inhibitors such as ethyl hexyl nitrate (EHN), tert-butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ). The results showed that addition of oxidation inhibitors leads to increase in brake thermal efficiency, reduced specific fuel consumption and reduced NOX emission.

The Application of Artificial Neural Network in Prediction of the Performance of Spark Ignition Engine Running on Ethanol-Petrol Blends

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 15-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olisaemeka C. Nwufo ◽  
Modestus Okwu ◽  
Chidiebere F. Nwaiwu ◽  
Johnson O. Igbokwe ◽  
O. Martin I. Nwafor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Neural Network ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Maximum Pressure ◽  
Brake Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Artificial Neural

The performance analysis of a single cylinder spark ignition engine fuelled with ethanol – petrol blends were carried out successfully at constant load conditions. E0 (Petrol), E10 (10% Ethanol, 90% Petrol), E20 (20% Ethanol, 80% Petrol) and E30 (30% Ethanol, 70% Petrol) were used as fuel. The Engine speed, mass flow rate, combustion efficiency, maximum pressure developed, brake specific fuel consumption and Exhaust gas temperature values were measured during the experiment. Using the experimental data, a Levenberg Marquardt Artificial Neural Network algorithm and Logistic sigmoid activation transfer function with a 4–10–2 model was developed to predict the brake specific fuel consumption, maximum pressure and combustion efficiency of G200 IMEX spark ignition engine using the recorded engine speed, mass flow rate, biofuels ratio and exhaust gas temperature as input variables. The performance of the Artificial Neural Network was validated by comparing the predicted data with the experimental results. The results showed that the training algorithm of Levenberg Marquardt was sufficient enough in predicting the brake specific fuel consumption, combustion pressure and combustion efficiency of the test engine. Correlation coefficient values of 0.974, 0.996 and 0.995 were obtained for brake specific fuel consumption, combustion efficiency and pressure respectively. These correlation coefficient obtained for the output parameters are very close to one (1) showing good correlation between the Artificial Neural Network predicted results and the experimental data while the Mean Square Errors were found to be very low (0.00018825 @ epoch 10 for brake specific fuel consumption, 1.0023 @ epoch 3 for combustion efficiency and 0.0013284@ epoch 5 for in-cylinder pressure). Therefore, Artificial Neural Network toolbox called up from MATLAB proved to be a useful tool for simulation of engine parameters. Artificial Neural Network model provided accurate analysis of these complex problems and has been found to be very useful for predicting the performance of the spark ignition engine. Thus, this has proved that Artificial Neural Network model could be used for predicting performance values in internal combustion engines, in this way it would be possible to conduct time and cost efficient studies instead of long experimental ones.

The Comparative Trail Research on the Performance of a Diesel Engine Fuelled with Diesel Fuel and Biodiesel/Diesel Blended Fuel

2011 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 103-106
Author(s):  
Wen Ming Cheng ◽  
Hui Xie ◽  
Gang Li
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Brake Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Brake Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Blended Fuel ◽  
Load Conditions

This paper discusses the brake specific fuel consumption and brake thermal efficiency of a diesel engine using cottonseed biodiesel blended with diesel fuel. A series of experiments were conducted for the various blends under varying load conditions at a speed of 1500 rpm and 2500 rpm and the results were compared with the neat diesel. From the results, it is found that the brake specific fuel consumption of cottonseed biodiesel is slightly higher than that of diesel fuel at different engine loads and speeds, with this increase being higher the higher the percentage of the biodiesel in the blend. And the brake thermal efficiency of cottonseed biodiesel is nearly similar to that of diesel fuel at different engine loads and speeds. From the investigation, it is concluded that cottonseed biodiesl can be directly used in diesel engines without any modifications, at least in small blending ratios.

scholarly journals An Experimental Study on the Performance Characteristics of a Diesel Engine Fueled with ULSD-Biodiesel Blends

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-190
Author(s):  
Viet Dung Tran ◽  
Anh Tuan Le ◽  
Anh Tuan Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Brake Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Exhaust Gas Temperature ◽  
Low Sulfur

As a rule, the highest permissible sulfur content in the marine fuel must drop below 0.5% from 1 January 2020 for global fleets. As such, ships operating in emission control areas must use low sulfur or non-sulfur fuel to limit sulfur emissions as a source of acid rain. However, that fact has revealed two challenges for the operating fleet: the very high cost of ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD) and the installation of the fuel conversion system and the ULSD cooling system. Therefore, a solution that blends ULSD and biodiesel (BO) into a homogeneous fuel with properties equivalent to that of mineral fuels is considered to be significantly effective. In the current work, an advanced ultrasonic energy blending technology has been applied to assist in the production of homogeneous ULSD-BO blends (ULSD, B10, B20, B30, and B50 with blends of coconut oil methyl ester with ULSD of 10%, 20%, 30% and 50% by volume) which is supplied to a small marine diesel engine on a dynamo test bench to evaluate the power and torque characteristics, also to consider the effect of BO fuel on specific fuel consumption exhaust gas temperature and brake thermal efficiency. The use of the ultrasonic mixing system has yielded impressive results for the homogeneous blend of ULSD and BO, which has contributed to improved combustion quality and thermal efficiency. The results have shown that the power, torque, and the exhaust gas temperature, decrease by approximately 9%, 2%, and 4% respectively with regarding the increase of the blended biodiesel rate while the specific fuel consumption and brake thermal efficiency tends to increase of around 6% and 11% with those blending ratios.

scholarly journals The experimental investigation of diesel fuel-biofuel blends at different injection pressures in a DI diesel engine

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4A) ◽  
Author(s):  
İlker Örs ◽  
◽  
Murat Ciniviz ◽  
Bahar Sayin Kul ◽  
Ali Kahraman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Brake Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Brake Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Injection Pressures

In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effects of a diesel-biodiesel blend (B20) and a diesel-biodiesel-bioethanol blend (BE5) on combustion parameters in addition to engine performance and exhaust emissions compared with diesel fuel. Parameters included in the evaluation was brake specific fuel consumption, brake thermal efficiency, CO, CO2, HC, NOx, smoke opacity emissions and finally cylinder pressure, heat release rate, ignition delay, some key points of the combustion phases such as start of ignition, start of combustion, CA50 and CA90 and combustion duration. Engine tests were conducted at different injection pressures of 170 bar, 190 bar, which is the original injection pressure, and 220 bar by the engine being loaded by 25, 50, 75 and 100% for the assessment of engine performance and exhaust emissions. For combustion evaluation, the data obtained at 1400 rpm, maximum torque-speed, and 2800 rpm, maximum power-speed were used, while the injection pressures were set to 170, 190 and 220 bar under full load condition. According to test results, the better performance characteristics, exhaust emissions and combustion behaviour of engine were obtained with the use of BE5 at high injection pressure. So, BE5 fuel improved brake specific fuel consumption by about 7% and brake thermal efficiency by about 6% compared to B20. In addition, while the emission values of BE5 gave better results than diesel fuel, it reduced the NOx and smoke emissions of B20 by approximately 1.4% and 6.4% respectively. Moreover, it has achieved a reduction in smoke emission of up to 45% compared to diesel fuel.

Turbocharged spark-ignition engine performance prediction in various inlet charged air temperatures fueled with gasoline–ethanol blends

2020 ◽  
pp. 146808742093171
Author(s):  
Reza Farzam ◽  
Bahram Jafari ◽  
Fateme Kalaki
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Brake Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Brake Torque ◽  
Combustion Duration ◽  
And Performance

In this research, the effect of alternative fuels and the inlet charged air temperature is numerically investigated on the performance of a turbocharged spark-ignition engine. For this purpose, a one-dimensional engine and turbocharger model is created in an engine simulation and performance analysis software and validated with former experimental results. Then, the model is run with four fuel types, including two gasoline types with different octane numbers and two ethanol–gasoline blend fuels—E25 and E85. In each case, the inlet charged air temperature is changed from cold to hot condition and performance characteristics such as the spark advance timing, brake torque, brake-specific fuel consumption and thermal efficiency, emissions and the ignition delay and combustion duration are obtained from simulation results. The results illustrate that by decreasing the inlet charged air temperature, the spark timing is more advanced due to less knock and the brake torque increases. Also, the brake-specific fuel consumption and the brake NOx and CO2 decrease and thermal efficiency increases in all fuel types. The results also demonstrate that in higher ethanol percent in blend fuels, all engine performance characteristics improve except brake-specific fuel consumption; as changing the fuel at constant fuel-to-air equivalence ratio from E25 to E85 in various revolutions per minute causes a 5.8% increase in the brake torque, 1.06% increase in the thermal efficiency, 43% and 3.9% decrease in the brake NOx and CO2 and 5.8 °CA decrease in the combustion duration, on average; while the brake-specific fuel consumption and the peak pressure increase 29% and 20%, respectively.

Performance and Emission Characteristics of a Mixed Biodiesel Fueled CI Engine

2015 ◽  
Vol 766-767 ◽  
pp. 557-561
Author(s):  
S. Arunprasad ◽  
Thangavel Balusamy ◽  
S. Sivalakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Brake Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Brake Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Biodiesel Blends ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Ci Engine ◽  
Smoke Opacity

In this present paper, an attempt has been made to examine the performance and emission characteristics of a single cylinder diesel engine fueled with blends of mixed biodiesel (Thevetia peruviana, Neem, Jatropha, Pongamia). Experiments were conducted with various blends of mixed biodiesel in CI engine for different loads. The results show that lower brake thermal efficiency and higher brake specific fuel consumption were obtained with mixed biodiesel blends when compared with diesel. Lower the value of CO and HC and higher the value of CO2 emissions were determined for mixed biodiesel blends compared to that of diesel. Also, higher in NOx and lower smoke opacity were found compared to diesel.

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