scholarly journals Comparative study of antibiotic resistance in bacteria isolated from dog and chicken

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Atere Victor ◽  
Alo Samuel ◽  
Daniel Folashade
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Animal Population ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
Residual Resistance ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Standard Disk

The emergence of antibiotic resistance has caused a threat to both human and animal population. This research was designed to investigate and compare the antibiotic resistance of bacteria isolated from chicken and dogs. A hundred and twelve samples of freshly dead chicken and eighty nine blood samples of sick dogs were analyzed. Pure culture of isolates were identified using cultural, morphological and biochemical characteristic. In vitro, susceptibility of the identified isolates against antimicrobial agents were determined by the standard disk diffusion procedure. One hundred and six isolates were recovered from chicken while 27 isolates were recovered from dogs. The organisms isolated include E. coli, Haemophilus sp, Pasturella sp, Klebsiella sp, Enterobacter sp, Salmonella sp, Staphylococcus sp., Micrococcus sp., Pseudomonas sp, Proteus sp, and Listeria sp. The antibiotic resistance showed that, gram-negative bacteria showed more resistance to the antibiotics used in this research compare to the gram-positive bacteria. This trend was found in isolates from both dog and chicken. In like manner, the bacteria isolates recovered from chicken showed a greater resistance when compare with the bacteria isolates recovered from dog. The increased resistance found in poultry makes poultry a suspect of residual resistance gene and probably reservoir for transmission.

Increasing Antibiotic Resistance Among Isolates ofEscherichia coliRecovered From Inpatients and Outpatients in a Saudi Arabian Hospital

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 748-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Saudi Arabian ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Culture Positive ◽  
Low Rate

Objective.To study the pattern of antibiotic resistance amongEscherichia coliand the trend in resistance during a 6-year period in a Saudi Arabian hospital.Design.Retrospective in vitro surveillance study of the antibiotic susceptibility pattern amongE. coliisolates recovered from outpatients and from inpatients.Setting.A general hospital in Saudi Arabia.Patients.All patients with a culture positive forE. coliduring a 6-year study period.Results.A statistically significant increase in antibiotic resistance was observed among outpatient and inpatient isolates ofE, coli.Inpatient isolates were more likely to be resistant to antimicrobial agents. Among isolates from outpatients, 50% were resistant to ampicillin, 33% were resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ), and 14% were resistant to ciprofloxacin. Among isolates from inpatients, 63% were resistant to ampicillin, 44% were resistant to TMP-SMZ, and 33% were resistant to ciprofloxacin. There was a low rate of resistance to imipenem (0.3% of isolates), amikacin (2%), and nitrofurantoin (2.4%-6.5%). Resistance to ceftazidime was detected in 9% of outpatient isolates and 17% of inpatient isolates. Multidrug resistance was defined as resistance to 2 or more classes of antibiotics. Multidrug resistance was detected in 2.0%-28.1% of outpatient isolates and 7.4%-39.6% of inpatient isolates, depending on the combination of antimicrobials tested. More isolates were resistant to ampicillin plus TMP-SMZ than to any other combination of antimicrobials.Conclusion.The prevalence of antibiotic resistance among outpatient and inpatientE. coliisolates increased during the study period. The rates of antibiotic resistance were statistically significantly higher among inpatient isolates, compared with outpatient isolates. These findings call for wiser use of antibiotics and continued surveillance of antibiotic resistance.

Increasing Antibiotic Resistance Among Isolates ofEscherichia coliRecovered From Inpatients and Outpatients in a Saudi Arabian Hospital

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 748-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Saudi Arabian ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Culture Positive ◽  
Low Rate

Objective.To study the pattern of antibiotic resistance amongEscherichia coliand the trend in resistance during a 6-year period in a Saudi Arabian hospital.Design.Retrospective in vitro surveillance study of the antibiotic susceptibility pattern amongE. coliisolates recovered from outpatients and from inpatients.Setting.A general hospital in Saudi Arabia.Patients.All patients with a culture positive forE. coliduring a 6-year study period.Results.A statistically significant increase in antibiotic resistance was observed among outpatient and inpatient isolates ofE, coli.Inpatient isolates were more likely to be resistant to antimicrobial agents. Among isolates from outpatients, 50% were resistant to ampicillin, 33% were resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ), and 14% were resistant to ciprofloxacin. Among isolates from inpatients, 63% were resistant to ampicillin, 44% were resistant to TMP-SMZ, and 33% were resistant to ciprofloxacin. There was a low rate of resistance to imipenem (0.3% of isolates), amikacin (2%), and nitrofurantoin (2.4%-6.5%). Resistance to ceftazidime was detected in 9% of outpatient isolates and 17% of inpatient isolates. Multidrug resistance was defined as resistance to 2 or more classes of antibiotics. Multidrug resistance was detected in 2.0%-28.1% of outpatient isolates and 7.4%-39.6% of inpatient isolates, depending on the combination of antimicrobials tested. More isolates were resistant to ampicillin plus TMP-SMZ than to any other combination of antimicrobials.Conclusion.The prevalence of antibiotic resistance among outpatient and inpatientE. coliisolates increased during the study period. The rates of antibiotic resistance were statistically significantly higher among inpatient isolates, compared with outpatient isolates. These findings call for wiser use of antibiotics and continued surveillance of antibiotic resistance.

Design, Synthesis and Antibacterial, Antifungal Activity of Some Coumarin Acetohydrazide Derivatives

2021 ◽  
pp. 3931-3937
Author(s):  
A. R. Chabukswar ◽  
P.V. Adsule ◽  
P.B. Randhave ◽  
Manini Mantri
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Design Synthesis ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal ◽  
Gyrase Inhibitors

We have designed and synthesized (Z)-2-(5-methyl-2-oxo-2H-chromen-7-yl) oxy)-N’-(2-oxoindolin-3-ylidin) acetohydrazide derivatives by reacting 7-hydroxy-4-methyl-coumarin and substituted isatin to afford 12 substituted coumarin acetohydrazide derivatives. The synthesized compounds of coumarin acetohydrazide derivatives were designed and evaluated to study for their possible interactions as DNA gyrase inhibitors. All the synthesized coumarin acetohydrazide compounds have been characterized by spectral analysis IR, 1H NMR and mass spectroscopy. The compounds have been evaluated for In vitro antibacterial and antifungal activity against S. aureus, B. subtilus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa and fungi C. albicans and A. niger. In case of Gram positive bacteria and Gram negative bacteria Compound P5C, M5C, C5C exhibited significant activity. Compounds P5N, M5N, C5N shown moderate activity. Compound P5C, M5C, C5C shown significant Antifungal activity against C. albicans and A. niger. Compounds P5C, M5C, C5C are found to exert significant antibacterial as well as antifungal activity and can serve as potential compound against infectious diseases in future.

Synthesis and Structural Elucidation of Aminoacetylenic Derivatives of 7-Methoxy- 2-Naphthole as Antimicrobial Agents

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (08) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abu- Safieh Rana ◽  
Muhi- Eldeen Zuhair ◽  
Alsarahni Aseel ◽  
Al-Kaissi Elham
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Naphthalene Derivatives ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Aminoacetylenic Derivatives ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Mic Value

A new series of 7-methoxy-2-[4-(t-amino-1-yl)oxy]-naphthalene derivatives; 7-methoxy-2-{[4-(2-methylpiperidine)but-2-yn-1-yl]oxy}-naphthalene (RZ2), 7-methoxy-2-{[4-(2,6-dimethylpiperidine)but-2-yn-1-yl]oxy}-naphthalene (RZ3), 7-methoxy-2{[4-(piperidine)but-2-yn-1-yl]oxy}-naphthalene (RZ4), 7-methoxy-2-{[4-(pyrrolidine)but-2-yn-1-yl]oxy}-naphthalene (RZ5), 7-methoxy-2-{[4-(N-methylpiperazine)but-2-yn-1-yl]oxy}-naphthalene (RZ6), 7-methoxy -2-{[4-(hexamethyleneimine)but-2-yn-1-yl]oxy}-naphthalene (RZ7) were synthesized and screened in vitro as potential antimicrobial agents. Antimicrobial activity were evaluated by measuring the minimum inhibitory and bactericidal/fungicidal concentration (MIC, MBC and MFC). RZ2, RZ5, RZ6 and RZ7 showed the highest antimicrobial activity against S. aureus with MIC value 62.5 µg/ml, compounds RZ2, RZ4, RZ5, and RZ7 have the highest antimicrobial activity against B. subtilis with MIC vale 62.5 µg/ml, RZ3, RZ6 have the same antimicrobial activity with MIC value 125µg/ml, compounds. RZ4, RZ5, RZ6 and RZ7 have the highest antimicrobial activity against E. coli with MIC value 125 µg/ml, all compounds have the same MIC value against P. aeruginosa (125 µg/ml). RZ2, RZ4, RZ5, RZ6, RZ7 showed the highest antifungal activity with MIC of 62.5 µg/ml. In conclusion, the synthesized compounds showed good antimicrobial activity and promising potency against gram positive bacteria, gram negative bacteria and fungi.

scholarly journals In VitroAntimicrobial Activity and Effect on Biofilm Production of a White Grape Juice (Vitis vinifera) Extract

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Filocamo ◽  
Carlo Bisignano ◽  
Giuseppina Mandalari ◽  
Michele Navarra
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Grape Juice ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

Background. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of a white grape juice extract (WGJe) against a range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, yeasts, and the fungusAspergillus niger. WGJe was also tested on the production of bacterial biofilmsin vitro.Results. WGJe inhibitedin vitromost Gram-positive bacteria tested,Staphylococcus aureusATCC 6538P being the most sensitive strain (MIC values of 3.9 μg/mL). The effect was bactericidal at the concentration of 500 μg/mL. Amongst the Gram-negative bacteria,Escherichia coliwas the only susceptible strain (MIC and MBC of 2000 μg/mL). No effect on the growth ofCandidasp. and the fungusAspergillus nigerwas detected (MIC values > 2000 μg/mL). WGJe inhibited the biofilms formation ofE. coliandPseudomonas aeruginosawith a dose-dependent effect.Conclusions. WGJe exerted both bacteriostatic and bactericidal activityin vitro. The presented results could be used to develop novel strategies for the treatment of skin infections and against potential respiratory pathogens.

scholarly journals Novel Zinc(II) Complexes of Heterocyclic Ligands as Antimicrobial Agents: Synthesis, Characterisation, and Antimicrobial Studies

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh S. Yamgar ◽  
Y. Nivid ◽  
Satish Nalawade ◽  
Mustapha Mandewale ◽  
R. G. Atram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Schiff Base ◽  
Metal Complexes ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Schiff Base Ligands ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Studies

The synthesis and antimicrobial activity of novel Zn(II) metal complexes derived from three novel heterocyclic Schiff base ligands 8-[(Z)-{[3-(N-methylamino)propyl]imino}methyl]-7-hydroxy-4-methyl-2H-chromen-2-one, 2-[(E)-{[4-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)phenyl]imino}methyl]phenol, and (4S)-4-{4-[(E)-(2-hydroxybenzylidene)amino]benzyl}-1,3-oxazolidin-2-one have been described. These Schiff base ligands and metal complexes are characterised by spectroscopic techniques. According to these data, we propose an octahedral geometry to all the metal complexes. Antimicrobial activity of the Schiff base ligand and its metal complexes was studied against Gram negative bacteria:E. coliandPseudomonas fluorescens, Gram positive bacteria:Staphylococcus aureus,and also against fungi, that is,C. albicansandA. niger. Some of the metal complexes show significant antifungal activity (MIC < 0.2 μg/mL). The “in vitro” data has identified [Zn(NMAPIMHMC)2]·2H2O, [Zn(TMPIMP)2]·2H2O, and [Zn(HBABO)2]·2H2O as potential therapeutic antifungal agents againstC. albicansandA. niger.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial susceptibility of multi-drug and extensively-drug-resistant Escherichia coli to ceftolozane-tazobactam and ceftazidime-avibactam: An in vitro study*

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 77-83
Author(s):  
Patrycja Zalas-Więcek ◽  
Eugenia Gospodarek-Komkowska
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Therapeutic Options ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extensively Drug Resistant

Aim: <i>Escherichia coli</i> is one of the Gram-negative bacteria, known to cause many nosocomial infections. Multi-drug (MDR) and extensively-drug resistant (XDR). <i>E. coli</i> are of particular note, due to significant limitations in antibiotic therapy. Ceftolozane-tazobactam and ceftazidime-avibactam are novel therapeutic options against Gram-negative bacteria; hence the aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the <i> in vitro </i> activity of ceftolozane-tazobactam and ceftazidime-avibactam against MDR and XDR clinical <i>E. coli</i> isolates. Material/Methods: The study included 100 non-replicate <i>E. coli</i> isolates derived from clinical samples of patients hospitalized in teaching hospitals. Bacteria were identified by applying mass spectrometry in the MALDI Biotyper system (Bruker). ESBL (bla<sub>CTX-M-1group</sub>, bla<sub>CTX-M-9group</sub>) and carbapenemase (bla<sub>KPC</sub>, bla<sub>VIM</sub>, bla<sub>NDM</sub>, bla<sub>OXA-48</sub>, bla<sub>OXA-181</sub>) genes were detected using the eazyplex® SuperBug CRE test, based on a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). The in vitro susceptibility to ceftolozane-tazobactam and ceftazidime-avibactam was tested using validated MIC Test strips (Liofilchem). Results: All 84 extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing (ESBL) <i>E. coli</i> isolates were susceptible to ceftazidime-avibactam and 83 to ceftolozane-tazobactam. Among 17 <i>E. coli</i> isolates with resistance to at least one of the carbapenems, three (17.6%) were susceptible to ceftolozane-tazobactam and ceftazidime-avibactam. All 14 blaVIM gene-positive <i>E. coli</i> isolates were resistant to both ceftolozane-tazobactam and ceftazidime-avibactam. Both antibiotics were active against bla<sub>CTX-M-9group</sub> and bla<sub>OXA-48</sub> gene-positive <i>E. coli</i> isolates, but they were not active against bla<sub>CTX-M-1group</sub> and bla<sub>VIM</sub> gene-positive isolates. Conclusions: Ceftolozane-tazobactam and ceftazidime-avibactam are alternative, non-carbapenem therapeutic options for ESBL-positive <i>E. coli</i> strains, and they are promising in the treatment of carbapenem-resistant <i>E. coli</i> strains, but not for those carrying the metallo-β-lactamase enzymes. Both drug combinations have comparable activity against ESBL, however, lower MIC values were found for ceftazidime-avibactam.

scholarly journals Quinupristin-Dalfopristin Resistance among Gram-Positive Bacteria in Taiwan

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 3374-3380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwen-Tay Luh ◽  
Po-Ren Hsueh ◽  
Lee-Jene Teng ◽  
Hui-Ju Pan ◽  
Yu-Chi Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
Viridans Group Streptococci

ABSTRACT To understand quinupristin-dalfopristin resistance among clinical isolates of gram-positive bacteria in Taiwan, where this agent is not yet available for clinical use, we evaluated 1,287 nonduplicate isolates recovered from January 1996 to December 1999 for in vitro susceptibility to quinupristin-dalfopristin and other newer antimicrobial agents. All methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) isolates were susceptible to quinupristin-dalfopristin. High rates of nonsusceptibility to quinupristin-dalfopristin (MICs, ≥2 μg/ml) were demonstrated for the following organisms: methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) (31%), coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) (16%),Streptococcus pneumoniae (8%), viridans group streptococci (51%), vancomycin-susceptible enterococci (85%), vancomycin-resistantEnterococcus faecalis (100%), vancomycin-resistantEnterococcus faecium (66%), Leuconostoc spp. (100%), Lactobacillus spp. (50%), andPediococcus spp. (87%). All isolates of MSSA, MRSA,S. pneumoniae, and viridans group streptococci were susceptible to vancomycin and teicoplanin. The rates of nonsusceptibility to vancomycin and teicoplanin were 5 and 7%, respectively, for CoNS, ranging from 12 and 18% for S. simulans to 0 and 0% for S. cohnii and S. auricularis. Moxifloxacin and trovafloxacin had good activities against these isolates except for ciprofloxacin-resistant vancomycin-resistant enterococci and methicillin-resistant staphylococci. In Taiwan, virginiamycin has been used in animal husbandry for more than 20 years, which may contribute to the high rates of quinupristin-dalfopristin resistance.

Synthesis and Antimicrobial Evaluation of 2-(Substituted-phenyl)-3-(4-(4- Nitrophenyl)Thiazol-2-yl)Thiazolidin-4-One Derivatives

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakesh Kumar ◽  
Shailendra Patil
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Microbial Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Evaluation ◽  
Potential Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Tube Dilution

Background:Diseases caused by microbial infections are very common worldwide. Although the search of innovative antimicrobial agents is the current focus for the researchers, the treatment of infectious diseases remains an important public health issue and a challenging problem in front of medicinal chemist.Methods:A series of 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-(4-(4-nitrophenyl) thiazol-2-yl)thiazolidin-4-one derivatives (T1-T10) was designed and synthesized. All the titled compounds were evaluated for their antimicrobial potential. Antimicrobial activity was performed by tube dilution methods against Gram negative Escherichia coli MTCC 443 (E. Coli), Gram positive bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 3160 (S. aureus) and Bacillus subtilis MTCC 441 (B. Subtilis), and fungal strains: Aspergillus niger MTCC 281 (A. niger) and Candida albicans MTCC 227 (C. albicans).Results:Among the synthesized derivatives, compounds 2, 4 and 10 were found to be most active antimicrobial agents.Conclusion:In conclusion, a series of 2-(phenyl)-3-(4-(phenyl)thiazol-2-yl)thiazolidin-4-ones have been designed and synthesized. All the titled compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antimicrobial activity against five representative microorganisms. The results of antimicrobial study indicated that the presence of nitro and chloro groups in aromatic ring improved antibacterial activity, whereas the presence of hydroxy group improved antifungal activity of substituted 4-thiazolidinone derivatives.

Antibiotic potential of some synthesized derivatives of C-9154 antibiotic

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-58
Author(s):  
Isaac Asusheyi Bello ◽  
Isaac Asusheyi Bello ◽  
George Iloegbulam Ndukwe ◽  
Joseph Olorunju Amupitan ◽  
Rachael Gbekele Ayo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Modification ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Acid Functional Group ◽  
Better Than

Structural modification of the C-9154 antibiotic in an attempt to simultaneously improve its activity and lower its toxicity led to the synthesis of an analogue of the C-9154 antibiotic and six derivatives of this analogue. The significant reduction of the polarity of the synthesized analogue in the derivatives to increase permeability across cell membranes was achieved by conversion of the highly polar carboxylic group to the nonpolar ester functional groups. The compounds were synthesized by condensation of 4-nitroaniline with maleic anhydride and then conversion of the terminal carboxylic acid functional group to an ester functional group using a thionyl chloride-mediated esterification. The in vitro biological activity using gram positive bacteria (MRSA, S. pyogenes, B. subtilis, and C. ulcerans), gram negative bacteria (E. coli, P. mirabilis, P. aeruginosa, S. typhii, S. dysenteriae, and K. pneumonia and some fungi (C. albicans, A. nigre and T. rubrum), showed that the derivatives were more active than their respective analogue and significantly better than the standard antibiotics (Sparfloxacin and Fluconazole) used for comparison, establishing their potential or use as antibiotics. The derivatives exhibited activity at concentrations as low as 0.625μg/mL while the analogue was active at 2.5μg/mL. These values were higher than results obtained for the standard drugs which showed activity at concentrations of 5 μg/mL. The derivatives however did not show activity against A. nigre whereas the analogue was active against it. Keywords: C-9154 Antibiotic, Bioactivity, Fumaramidmycin, antibacterial, antifungal

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