scholarly journals Confrontations et convergences éthiques entre marketing et information autour de la publicité native

2017 ◽  
pp. 28-53
Author(s):  
Dany Baillargeon ◽  
Alexandre Coutant ◽  
Marie-Eve Carignan ◽  
Elyse Dionne ◽  
Mikaëlle Tourigny
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
News Media ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Mots Clés ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
New Type ◽  
Information Professionals ◽  
Professional Transformation ◽  
Analyse De Discours ◽  
Content Producer

La perméabilité de la division information/publicité dans les salles de rédaction fait récursivement l’objet de débats au sein de l’industrie journalistique. Mus par des logiques différentes, univers marketing et journalistique sont supposés se prémunir de toute influence mutuelle. L’arrivée des plateformes socio numériques, l’éclatement du modèle économique des médias d’information et l’irritation face à l’intrusion publicitaire et les stratégies de blocage encouragent de nouveaux chevauchements, dont la publicité native (PN). Les différentes justifications ou critiques de cette technique controversée constituent une entrée pour analyser le rapport à l’éthique des deux professions, journalisme et marketing. Cette communication propose d’interroger ce phénomène par une double analyse. D’abord en repérant dans le discours des professionnels du marketing et de l’information les différentes rationalités entourant l’utilisation, ou non, de la PN. Ces rationalités sont ensuite adossées aux codes, chartes et guides déontiques. Au final, nous arguons que les guides actuels sont insuffisants pour encadrer le bouleversement professionnel qu’engendre la PN, entre autres sous la force de tensions séculaires, mais fortement bousculées par des rationalités convergentes. Ce paradoxe semble se solder par l’arrivée d’un nouveau type de professionnel, le producteur de contenu. Nous ouvrons quelques pistes pour explorer plus avant cette transformation professionnelle. Mots Clés : publicité native, journalisme, analyse de discours, éthique The porousness of the information/advertising division in newsrooms is a recursive topic of debate in the journalism industry. With their distinct logics, the worlds of marketing and journalism are supposed to guard against any mutual influence, as enshrined in ethical codes and charters. But the rise of social media platforms, the fragmentation of the economic model of the news media, the irritation of advertising intrusion, and the ad blocking software are encouraging new overlaps, one being native advertising (NA). The various justifications or criticisms of this controversial technique constitute for us the entry point to analyze the ethics of both journalism and marketing in regard of NA. First, we identify, within the discourse of both marketing and information professionals, the different rationalities surrounding the use or non use of NA. These rationalities are then compared to codes, charters and deontic guides in use. In the end, we argue that the current guides are insufficient to frame the professional upheaval that NA generates, under the force of deep-rooted tensions, now strongly shaken by convergent economical rationalities. This paradox seems to result in the arrival of a new type of professional, the content producer. We open up some avenues to explore this professional transformation further. Keywords: Ethics, deontology, native advertising, marketing, journalism  

scholarly journals Introduction to special issue about election reporting: Why journalism (still) matters

Journalism ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 985-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Cushion ◽  
Daniel Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Communication ◽  
News Media ◽  
Election Campaigns ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Campaign Coverage ◽  
Election Coverage ◽  
Social Media Platforms

This introduction unpacks the eight articles that make up this Journalism special issue about election reporting. Taken together, the articles ask: How has election reporting evolved over the last century across different media? Has the relationship between journalists and candidates changed in the digital age of campaigning? How do contemporary news values influence campaign coverage? Which voices – politicians, say or journalists – are most prominent? How far do citizens inform election coverage? How is public opinion articulated in the age of social media? Are sites such as Twitter developing new and distinctive election agendas? In what ways does social media interact with legacy media? How well have scholars researched and theorised election reporting cross-nationally? How can research agendas be enhanced? Overall, we argue this Special Issue demonstrates the continued strength of news media during election campaigns. This is in spite of social media platforms increasingly disrupting and recasting the agenda setting power of legacy media, not least by political parties and candidates who are relying more heavily on sites such as Facebook, Instagram and Twitter to campaign. But while debates in recent years have centred on the technological advances in political communication and the associated role of social media platforms during election campaigns (e.g. microtargeting voters, spreading disinformation/misinformation and allowing candidates to bypass media to campaign), our collection of studies signal the enduring influence professional journalists play in selecting and framing of news. Put more simply, how elections are reported still profoundly matters in spite of political parties’ and candidates’ more sophisticated use of digital campaigning.

Amplification and Virtual Back-Patting

2018 ◽  
pp. 1527-1542
Author(s):  
Jakob Svensson
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
News Media ◽  
Instrumental Rationality ◽  
Communicative Rationality ◽  
Liberal Party ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Party Members ◽  
Media Texts

This chapter explores the rationalities of politicians' social media uses in Web-campaigning in a party-based democracy. This is done from an in-depth case study of a Swedish politician, Nina Larsson, who with the help of a PR agency utilized several social media platforms in her campaign to become re-elected to the parliament in 2010. By analyzing how and for what purposes Larsson used social media in her Web-campaign, this chapter concludes that even though discourses of instrumental rationality and of communicative rationality were common to make her practices relevant, Nina primarily used social media to amplify certain offline news media texts as well as to commend and support other liberal party members. Hence, from this case, the authors conclude that Web-campaigning on social media is used for expressive purposes, to negotiate and maintain an attractive political image within the party hierarchy.

Impact of Social Media and Technology Companies on Digital Journalism

2019 ◽  
pp. 147-170
Author(s):  
Şükrü Oktay Kılıç ◽  
Zeynep Genel
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
News Media ◽  
Business Models ◽  
The Other ◽  
Media Companies ◽  
Digital Journalism ◽  
The World ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Media And Technology ◽  
The Impact

A handful of social media companies, with their shifting strategies to become hosts of all information available online, have significantly changed the news media landscape in recent years. Many news media companies across the world have gone through reorganizations in a bid to keep up with new storytelling techniques, technologies, and tools introduced by social media companies. With their non-transparent algorithms favoring particular content formats and lack of interest in developing solid business models for publishers, social media platforms, on the other hand, have attracted widespread criticism by many academics and media practitioners. This chapter aims at discussing the impact of social media on journalism with the help of digital research that provides an insight on what storytelling types with which three most-followed news outlets in Turkey gain the most engagement on Facebook.

Political communication Modi style: A case study of the demonetization campaign on Twitter

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Usha M. Rodrigues ◽  
Michael Niemann
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Political Communication ◽  
News Media ◽  
Mass Communication ◽  
Communication Strategy ◽  
Direct Communication ◽  
Mainstream Media ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Government Websites

Abstract Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi (@narendramodi) is one of the world's most followed political leaders on Twitter. During the 2014 and 2019 election campaigns, he and his party used various social media networking and the Internet services to engage with young, educated, middle-class voters in India. Since his first sweeping win in the 2014 elections, Modi's political communication strategy has been to neglect the mainstream news media, and instead use social media and government websites to keep followers informed of his day-to-day engagements and government policies. This strategy of direct communication was followed even during a critical policy change, when in a politically risky move half-way through his five-year prime ministership, Modi's government scrapped more than 85 per cent of Indian currency notes in November 2016. He continued to largely shun the mainstream media and use his social media accounts and public rallies to communicate with the nation. As a case study of this direct communication strategy, this article presents the results of a study of Modi's Twitter articulations during the three months following the demonetization announcement. We use mediatization of politics discourse to consider the implications of this shift from mass communication via the mainstream news media, to the Indian prime minister's reliance on direct communication on social media platforms.

scholarly journals Who to Trust on Social Media: How Opinion Leaders and Seekers Avoid Disinformation and Echo Chambers

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 205630512091399
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Dubois ◽  
Sara Minaeian ◽  
Ariane Paquet-Labelle ◽  
Simon Beaudry
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
News Media ◽  
Political Information ◽  
Opinion Leaders ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Echo Chambers ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Information Verification ◽  
Low Levels

As trust in news media and social media dwindles and fears of disinformation and echo chambers spread, individuals need to find ways to access and assess reliable and trustworthy information. Despite low levels of trust in social media, they are used for accessing political information and news. In this study, we examine the information verification practices of opinion leaders (who consume political information above average and share their opinions on social media above average) and of opinion seekers (who seek out political information from friends and family) to understand similarities and differences in their news media trust, fact-checking behaviors, and likeliness of being caught in echo chambers. Based on a survey of French Internet users ( N = 2,000) we find that not only opinion leaders, but also opinion seekers, have higher rates across all three of these dependent variables. We discuss the implications of findings for the development of opinion leadership theory as well as for social media platforms wishing to increase trust.

Bypassing the press gallery: from Howard to Hanson

2018 ◽  
Vol 167 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Fisher ◽  
David Marshall ◽  
Kerry McCallum
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
News Media ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Political News ◽  
The Public ◽  
Theoretical Position ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
The Press ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Media Logic

Traditionally politicians have been dependent on political news media to get their message across to the public. The rise of social media means that politicians can bypass the Press Gallery and publish directly to their target audiences via Facebook, Twitter and other social media platforms. This article argues that Prime Minister John Howard’s (1996–2007) use of talk back radio and early forays on YouTube were pivotal in the trend towards ‘disintermediation’ in Australian politics. It draws on two studies. One involving interviews with 87 key media actors from the Howard era including journalists, broadcasters, politicians and media advisers; and a second, which includes fresh interviews with contemporary press secretaries. This article examines the shift from a ‘mass media logic’ to a ‘hybrid logic’, considered from a mediatization theoretical position. We also ask important questions about the press gallery’s ongoing relevance in the digital era, when politicians preside over their own social media empires.

scholarly journals News and Participation through and beyond Proprietary Platforms in an Age of Social Media

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Westlund ◽  
Mats Ekström
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
News Media ◽  
Thematic Issue ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Journalism Studies ◽  
Everyday Lives ◽  
Participatory Journalism ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Key Aspects

The link between journalism and participation has since long been envisioned and argued to be an important one. However, it is also a complex link. It encompasses how the news media and their social actors actively work towards enabling and engaging citizens as active participants through the digital infrastructures of their proprietary platforms, as well as the ways citizens potentially make use of such opportunities or not in their everyday lives, and how this affects epistemologies of news journalism. However, to date, journalism studies scholars have mostly focused on positive forms of participatory journalism via proprietary platforms, and thus fail to account for and problematize dark participation and participation taking place on social media platforms non-proprietary to the news media. This introduction, and the thematic issue as a whole, attempts to address this void. The introduction discusses three key aspects of journalism’s relationship with participation: 1) proprietary or non-proprietary platforms, 2) participants, and 3) positive or dark participation.

scholarly journals The Dislocation of News Journalism: A Conceptual Framework for the Study of Epistemologies of Digital Journalism

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 259-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mats Ekström ◽  
Oscar Westlund
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
News Media ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Digital Journalism ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Truth Claims ◽  
Journalism Research ◽  
Knowledge Claims

This article focuses on news journalism, social media platforms and power, and key implications for epistemology. The conceptual framework presented is intended to inspire and guide future studies relating to the emerging sub-field of journalism research that we refer to as “Epistemologies of Digital Journalism”. The article discusses the dependencies between news media and social media platforms (non-proprietary to the news media). The authority and democratic role of news journalism pivot on claims that it regularly provides accurate and verified public knowledge. However, how are the epistemic claims of news journalism and the practices of justifications affected by news journalism’s increased dependency on social media platforms? This is the overall question discussed in this article. It focuses on the intricate power dependencies between news media and social media platforms and proceeds to discuss implications for epistemology. It presents a three-fold approach differentiating between (1) articulated knowledge and truth claims, (2) justification in the journalism practices and (3) the acceptance/rejections of knowledge claims in audience activities. This approach facilitates a systematic analysis of how diverse aspects of epistemology interrelate with, and are sometimes conditioned by, the transformations of news and social media.

scholarly journals Alternative media for a populist audience? Exploring political and media use predictors of exposure to Breitbart, Sputnik, and Co.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Müller ◽  
Anne Schulz
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Relative Deprivation ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Alternative Media ◽  
Selective Exposure ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Right

Alongside the recent rise of political populism, a new type of alternative media has established in past years that allegedly contribute to the distribution of the populist narrative. Using a large-scale quota survey of German Internet users (n = 1346) we investigate political and media use predictors of exposure to alternative media with an affinity to populism (AMP). Results reveal substantial differences between occasional and frequent AMP users. While both groups heavily use Twitter and Facebook for political information, occasional AMP users exhibit hardly any specific political convictions (except that they feel less personally deprived than non-users). Contrary to that, frequent AMP exposure is related to higher personal relative deprivation, stronger populist attitudes and a higher likelihood to vote for the right-wing populist party AfD. Against this background, frequent AMP use can be interpreted as partisan selective exposure whereas occasional AMP exposure might result from incidental contact via social media platforms. These findings are discussed regarding the role of alternative and social media in the recent populism wave.

scholarly journals Investigating evaluation and news values in news items that are shared through social media

Corpora ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Bednarek
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
News Media ◽  
English Language ◽  
Online News ◽  
News Values ◽  
News Value ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Linguistic Focus ◽  
News Corpus ◽  
News Sharing

The sharing of news through social media platforms is now a significant part of mainstream online media use and is an increasingly important consideration in journalism practice and production. This paper analyses the linguistic characteristics of online news sharing on Facebook, with a focus on evaluation and news values in a corpus of the 100 ‘most shared’ news items from ‘heritage’ English-language news media organisations. Analyses combine corpus linguistic techniques (semantic tagging, frequency analysis, concordancing) with manual, computer-aided annotation. The main focus is on discursive news values analysis (DNVA), which examines how news values are established through semiotic resources, enabling new empirical insights into shared news and adding a specific linguistic focus to the emerging literature on news sharing. Results suggest that all ‘traditional’ news values appear to be construed in the shared news corpus and that there is variety in terms of the items that are widely shared. At the same time, the news values of Eliteness, Superlativeness, Unexpectedness, Negativity and Timeliness seem especially important in the corpus. The findings also indicate that ‘unexpected’ and ‘affective’ news items may be shared more, and that Negativity is a more important news value than Positivity.

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