First Records of Sockeye (Oncorhynchus nerka) and Pink Salmon (O. gorbuscha) from Banks Island and Other Records of Pacific Salmon in Northwest Territories, Canada

ARCTIC ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Babaluk ◽  
James D. Reist ◽  
James D. Johnson ◽  
Lionel Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Northwest Territories ◽  
Pacific Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Nerka ◽  
Pink Salmon ◽  
Banks Island

Ocean Migrations of Pacific Salmon

1964 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1227-1244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferris Neave
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Area ◽  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Chum Salmon ◽  
Pacific Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Nerka ◽  
Pink Salmon ◽  
Direct Approach ◽  
Spawning Area ◽  
Inshore Waters ◽  
High Seas

Sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka), pink salmon (O. gorbuscha), and chum salmon (O. keta) commonly return to their places of origin from distant high-seas areas. Maturing fish closely associated at high-seas localities travel in many different directions to their respective destinations. They also travel from many different high-seas localities to a common coastal area. Prior to their return to inshore waters, pink salmon perform ocean journeys which are associated with changes in temperature and which do not necessarily represent a direct approach to a spawning area. The ocean journeys of both juvenile and maturing salmon are largely independent of currents. Homing is not thought to be commonly accomplished by random or near-random ocean travel or by extensive searching of coastlines. It is suggested that ability to set a compass course, using a celestial feature, is insufficient to account for the indicated performance and that some form of bico-ordinate navigation may be required.

scholarly journals Physiological resilience of pink salmon to naturally occurring ocean acidification

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Y Frommel ◽  
Justin Carless ◽  
Brian P V Hunt ◽  
Colin J Brauner
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Condition Factor ◽  
Pacific Salmon ◽  
Pink Salmon ◽  
Hypoxia Tolerance ◽  
High Co2 ◽  
The North ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Co2 Levels

Abstract Pacific salmon stocks are in decline with climate change named as a contributing factor. The North Pacific coast of British Columbia is characterized by strong temporal and spatial heterogeneity in ocean conditions with upwelling events elevating CO2 levels up to 10-fold those of pre-industrial global averages. Early life stages of pink salmon have been shown to be affected by these CO2 levels, and juveniles naturally migrate through regions of high CO2 during the energetically costly phase of smoltification. To investigate the physiological response of out-migrating wild juvenile pink salmon to these naturally occurring elevated CO2 levels, we captured fish in Georgia Strait, British Columbia and transported them to a marine lab (Hakai Institute, Quadra Island) where fish were exposed to one of three CO2 levels (850, 1500 and 2000 μatm CO2) for 2 weeks. At ½, 1 and 2 weeks of exposure, we measured their weight and length to calculate condition factor (Fulton’s K), as well as haematocrit and plasma [Cl−]. At each of these times, two additional stressors were imposed (hypoxia and temperature) to provide further insight into their physiological condition. Juvenile pink salmon were largely robust to elevated CO2 concentrations up to 2000 μatm CO2, with no mortality or change in condition factor over the 2-week exposure duration. After 1 week of exposure, temperature and hypoxia tolerance were significantly reduced in high CO2, an effect that did not persist to 2 weeks of exposure. Haematocrit was increased by 20% after 2 weeks in the CO2 treatments relative to the initial measurements, while plasma [Cl−] was not significantly different. Taken together, these data indicate that juvenile pink salmon are quite resilient to naturally occurring high CO2 levels during their ocean outmigration.

scholarly journals YERSINIOSIS IN FREE-RANGING MUSKOXEN ON BANKS ISLAND, NORTHWEST TERRITORIES, CANADA

1991 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 527-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E. Blake ◽  
Bruce D. McLean ◽  
Anne Gunn
Keyword(s):  
Northwest Territories ◽  
Banks Island ◽  
Free Ranging

scholarly journals The pink salmon genome: uncovering the genomic consequences of a strict two-year life-cycle

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kris A. Christensen ◽  
Eric B. Rondeau ◽  
Dionne Sakhrani ◽  
Carlo A. Biagi ◽  
Hollie Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Salmon ◽  
Pink Salmon ◽  
Chromosomal Polymorphism ◽  
Oncorhynchus Gorbuscha ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Isolated Populations ◽  
Temporal Isolation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Genome Assemblies ◽  
Salmon Fishery

Pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) adults are the smallest of the five Pacific salmon native to the western Pacific Ocean. Pink salmon are also the most abundant of these species and account for a large proportion of the commercial value of the salmon fishery worldwide. A strict two-year life-history of most pink salmon generates temporally isolated populations that spawn either in even-years or odd-years. To uncover the influence of this genetic isolation, reference genome assemblies were generated for each year-class and whole genome re-sequencing data was collected from salmon of both year-classes. The salmon were sampled from six Canadian rivers and one Japanese river. At multiple centromeres we identified peaks of Fst between year-classes that were millions of base-pairs long. The largest Fst peak was also associated with a million base-pair chromosomal polymorphism found in the odd-year genome near a centromere. These Fst peaks may be the result of centromere drive or a combination of reduced recombination and genetic drift, and they could influence speciation. Other regions of the genome influenced by odd-year and even-year temporal isolation and tentatively under selection were mostly associated with genes related to immune function, organ development/maintenance, and behaviour.

scholarly journals Resources and fishery of Pacific salmon in Magadan region in the beginning of the 21st century

Trudy VNIRO ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 90-102
Author(s):  
M. N. Gorokhov ◽  
V. V. Volobuev ◽  
I. S. Golovanov
Keyword(s):  
Chum Salmon ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Pacific Salmon ◽  
Pink Salmon ◽  
Spawning Grounds ◽  
Magadan Region ◽  
Spawning Areas ◽  
Optimal Values ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Salmon Fishery

There are two main areas of pacific salmon fishing in the Magadan region: Shelikhova Gulf and Tauiskaya Bay. The main fishing species is pink salmon in the region. Its share of total salmon catch by odd-year returns reaches 85 %. Data on the dynamics of escapement to the spawning grounds of pink salmon of the Shelikhova Gulf and Tauiskaya Bay are presented. The displacement of the level of spawning returns of pink salmon into the Shelihova Gulf with the simultaneous reduction of its returns to the Tauiskaya Bay is shown. Data on the dynamics of the fishing indicators of pink salmon for the two main fishing areas are provided. The Tauiskaya Bay as the main pink salmon fishery area loses its importance is shown. Graphical data on the escapement of producers pink salmon to the spawning grounds are presented and the optimal values of spawning escapements are estimated. Chum salmon is the second largest and most fishing species. Information on the dynamics of the number of returns, catch and escapement to the spawning grounds of chum salmon is given. The indicators of escapement to the spawning areas and their compliance with the optimal passes of salmon producers are analyzed. The issues of the dynamics of returns number, catch and the escapement to the spawning grounds of coho salmon producers are considered. The level of the escapement to the spawning areas is shown and the ratio of actual to optimal values of passes is estimated. The role of coho salmon as an object of industrial fishing and amateur fishing is shown. The extent of fishing press on individual groups of salmon populations is discussed. It is concluded that it is necessary to remove the main salmon fishery from the Tauiskaya Bay to the Shelikhova Gulf.

scholarly journals Pacific salmon abundance trends and climate change

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 1122-1130 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Irvine ◽  
Masa-aki Fukuwaka
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Pacific Salmon ◽  
North Pacific Ocean ◽  
Pink Salmon ◽  
The North ◽  
Abundance Trends

Abstract Irvine, J. R., and Fukuwaka, M. 2011. Pacific salmon abundance trends and climate change. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 1122–1130. Understanding reasons for historical patterns in salmon abundance could help anticipate future climate-related changes. Recent salmon abundance in the northern North Pacific Ocean, as indexed by commercial catches, has been among the highest on record, with no indication of decline; the 2009 catch was the highest to date. Although the North Pacific Ocean continues to produce large quantities of Pacific salmon, temporal abundance patterns vary among species and areas. Currently, pink and chum salmon are very abundant overall and Chinook and coho salmon are less abundant than they were previously, whereas sockeye salmon abundance varies among areas. Analyses confirm climate-related shifts in abundance, associated with reported ecosystem regime shifts in approximately 1947, 1977, and 1989. We found little evidence to support a major shift after 1989. From 1990, generally favourable climate-related marine conditions in the western North Pacific Ocean, as well as expanding hatchery operations and improving hatchery technologies, are increasing abundances of chum and pink salmon. In the eastern North Pacific Ocean, climate-related changes are apparently playing a role in increasing chum and pink salmon abundances and declining numbers of coho and Chinook salmon.

Gene Differentiation in Pacific Salmon (Oncorhynchus sp.): Facts and Models with Reference to Pink Salmon (O. gorbuscha)

1994 ◽  
Vol 51 (S1) ◽  
pp. 223-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lev A. Zhivotovsky ◽  
A. J. Gharrett ◽  
A. J. McGregor ◽  
M. K. Glubokovsky ◽  
Marcus W. Feldman
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Salmon ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Pink Salmon ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Gene Drift ◽  
Gene Differentiation ◽  
Or Gene ◽  
And Migration

Analyzing population genetic data usually involves examining relationships among populations followed by analysis of the distribution of genetic variability. Genetic relationships are often depicted with multidimensional scaling or trees constructed from genetic distances; genetic variation within and among populations is partitioned using gene diversity measures such as FST or GST. Genetic distances or gene diversity are often used to estimate influences of gene drift, migration, and/or selection on observed gene differentiation. We used allozyme data for pink salmon populations to examine the theoretical models available for estimating magnitudes of these factors in Pacific salmon populations. The models included (1) mutation and gene drift; (2) mutation and migration; (3) migration and gene drift; and (4) gene drift, migration, and selection. These models suggest that gene drift and migration are probably important at the lowest levels of population hierarchy, but even very small forces such as weak heterogeneous selection and low migration levels may be important at higher levels. The accuracy of some estimates should be questioned because for many situations appropriate models are either not yet available or are not sufficiently refined. Also, the dynamic genetic structure of salmon populations makes it unlikely that the steady state assumed for many theoretical models has obtained.

Challenges for Diadromous Fishes in a Dynamic Global Environment

2009 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Pacific Salmon ◽  
Pink Salmon ◽  
Commercial Catch ◽  
Atmospheric Processes ◽  
Energy Transfers ◽  
Salmon Production ◽  
The Impact

<em>Abstract</em>.-Pacific salmon <em>Oncorhynchus </em>spp. catches are at historic high levels. It is significant that one of the world's major fisheries for a group of species that dominates the surface waters of the subarctic Pacific is actually very healthy. Natural trends in climate are now recognized to cause large fluctuations in Pacific salmon production, as shown in historical records of catch and recent changes probably have been affected by greenhouse gas induced climate changes. Pink salmon <em>O. gorbuscha </em>and chum salmon <em>O. keta </em>production and catch has increased in the past 30 years and may continue in a similar trend for for the next few decades. Coho salmon <em>O. kisutch </em>and Chinook salmon <em>O. tshawytscha </em>catches have been declining for several decades, particularly at the southern end of their range, and they may continue to decline. In the 1970s, hatcheries were considered to be a method of adding to the wild production of coho and Chinook salmon because the ocean capacity to produce these species was assumed to be underutilized. Large-scale changes in Pacific salmon abundances are linked to changes in large-scale atmospheric processes. These large-scale atmospheric processes are also linked to planetary energy transfers, and there is a decadal scale pattern to these relationships. Pacific salmon production in general is higher in decades of intense Aleutian lows than in periods of weak Aleutian lows. Key to understanding the impact of climate change on Pacific salmon is understanding how the Aleutian low will change. Chinook and coho salmon are minor species in the total commercial catch, but important socially and economically in North America. A wise use of hatcheries may be needed to maintain abundances of these species in future decades.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document