scholarly journals The American Folklore Society-China Folklore Society Folklore and Intangible Cultural Heritage Project, 2013-2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Kurt Dewhurst ◽  
Timothy Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Intangible Cultural Heritage ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
American Folklore ◽  
Henry Luce ◽  
Heritage Policy

Emphasizing its museum-focused sub-project, this report describes the second phase of the China-US Folklore and Intangible Cultural Heritage Project (2013-2016). Supported by the Henry Luce Foundation, the larger project links these two national scholarly societies in a program of professional exchanges, scholarly meetings, and joint inquiry around issues of intangible cultural heritage policy and practice. The museum sub-project has included joint exhibition development work, travel to local communities in the United States and in Southwest China, and other collaborative initiatives. This report describes the project's history, funding, outcomes, and some lessons learned.

Intangible Cultural Heritage in a Modernizing Bhutan: The Question of Remaining Viable and Dynamic

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Lees
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Intangible Cultural Heritage ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Gross National Happiness ◽  
The People ◽  
Cultural Isolation ◽  
Cloth Production ◽  
History Of

AbstractThis article considers the measures being taken in Bhutan to support the cultural practices and traditions of weaving as Bhutan rapidly moves to modernize. Woven cloth is one of a number of artisan practices in Bhutan that contribute to a unique body of intangible cultural heritage, and a distinctive and instantly recognizable Bhutanese identity. Cloth and cloth production have come to have significant influence on the cultural, socioeconomic and political, as well as the ceremonial and religious life of the people of Bhutan. However with modernization and an increasingly global outlook, many socioeconomic transformations are taking place, challenging traditional cultural practices to remain relevant and viable to younger generations. Bhutan offers a unique case study as a country engaging only relatively recently with globalization after a long history of cultural isolation. Bhutan also offers up a unique policy response to modernization, its Gross National Happiness (GNH) measure, which attempts to embody a strong social, cultural, and environmental imperative within the development process. This article will analyze the various measures taking place to maintain cultural identity and cultural practices within the context of development policy and practice, and will link this discussion to measures and approaches taking place at an international level by agencies such as UNESCO.

Curatorship

Anthropology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Lubar ◽  
Allyson LaForge
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cultural Resource Management ◽  
Intangible Cultural Heritage ◽  
Museum Visitors ◽  
Curatorial Practice ◽  
Shared Authority ◽  
Traditional Work ◽  
European Museum

The traditional work of curators—collecting, caring for, researching, and exhibiting artifacts in museums—has expanded in many directions in recent years. Curators today connect as well as collect. They work with several diverse communities: source communities, museum visitors, and researchers. While much of their work remains rooted in material culture and museums, they increasingly work with intangible cultural heritage and consider digital manifestations of culture. This bibliography offers historical and contemporary as well as theoretical and practical perspectives on curatorship. It begins with a listing of journals and organizations useful to scholars of curation and museum practitioners. The following sections, which list foundational texts and books of collected essays on museum curatorship, offer an introduction and overview of the field. Next is a section providing historical perspective on curatorship, including writing on important museums and exhibitions. This history is followed by sections describing the dual objects of curatorial work: intangible cultural heritage and material culture. Next is a section on curatorial work, divided into subsections that address theory, practice, and digital approaches. Decolonizing curatorial practice, which involves challenging museums’ colonial practices and including Indigenous people in the conservation, interpretation, and display of their material culture and histories, is a necessary corrective to and extension of this traditional work; subsections include shared authority, repatriation and restitution, and indigenizing curation. The bibliography ends with perhaps the most important topic: curatorial ethics. The focus is on anthropological curatorship, but we have included material from nearby fields, including art and history curatorship, when the additional perspective seems useful. The geographical focus is on the United States, and to a lesser extent Great Britain, Canada, New Zealand, and Australia, with a few entries describing European museum work. There are several other bibliographies in the Oxford Bibliographies in Anthropology that complement this one. See the separate Oxford Bibliographies articles Museum Anthropology, Cultural Resource Management, and Public Archaeology.

scholarly journals The challenge and future of rocky desertification control in karst areas in southwest China

Solid Earth ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Y. Zhang ◽  
M. H. Dai ◽  
L. C. Wang ◽  
C. F. Zeng ◽  
W. C. Su
Keyword(s):  
Southwest China ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Dynamic Monitoring ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Karst Rocky Desertification ◽  
Ecological Compensation ◽  
Rocky Desertification ◽  
Desertification Control

Abstract. Karst rocky desertification occurs after vegetation deteriorates as a result of intensive land use, which leads to severe water loss and soil erosion and exposes basement rocks, creating a rocky landscape. Karst rocky desertification is found in humid areas in southwest China, the region most seriously affected by rocky desertification in the world. In order to promote ecological restoration and help peasants out of poverty, the Chinese government carried out the first phase of a rocky desertification control project from 2006 to 2015, which initially contained the expansion of rocky desertification. Currently, the Chinese government is prepared to implement the second phase of the rocky desertification control project, and therefore it is essential to summarise the lessons learned over the last 10 years of the first phase. In this paper, we analyse the driving social and economic factors behind rocky desertification, summarise the scientific research on rocky desertification in the region, and finally identify the main problems facing rocky desertification control. In addition, we put forward several policy suggestions that take into account the perspective of local peasants, scientific research, and China's economic development and urbanisation process. These suggestions include promoting the non-agriculturalization of household livelihoods, improving ecological compensation, strengthening the evaluation of rocky desertification control and dynamic monitoring, and strengthening research on key ecological function recovery technologies and supporting technologies.

scholarly journals The Santiago de Compostela Pilgrim Routes: The Development of European Cultural Heritage Policy and Practice from a Critical Perspective

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sven Grabow
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
Critical Perspective ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Santiago De Compostela ◽  
Specific Implementation ◽  
Cultural Routes ◽  
Heritage Policy

Using the case study of the Council of Europe's European Cultural Routes Project, this article examines if and how far supra-national rhetorics of cultural openness, inclusivity, and diversity become reality in terms of actual cultural heritage projects. Against this background, it conducts a critical examination of what is considered one of the flagships of European supranational cultural heritage projects, the Council of Europe's Santiago de Compostela Pilgrim Routes. It focuses on the specific implementation of the Council of Europe's supra-national message of cultural heritage in this project and in its accompanying guidebook. By placing the project in its historical context and comparing it to later additions to the European Cultural Routes Project, this article reflects on the development of a pan-European cultural identity paradigm over the last two decades.

scholarly journals Bamboos for weaving and relevant traditional knowledge in Sansui, Southwest China

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Binsheng Luo ◽  
Selena Ahmed ◽  
Chunlin Long
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Traditional Knowledge ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Intangible Cultural Heritage ◽  
Ethnobotanical Study ◽  
Bamboo Species

Abstract Background Traditional bamboo weaving has been practiced for centuries in Sansui, a county dominated by the Miao people, in Guizhou province of Southwest China. Sansui bamboo weaving represents an intangible cultural heritage as defined by UNESCO, but, like many other traditional handicrafts in China, it has suffered a downfall in this period of rapid development. Sansui bamboo weaving is now experiencing a renaissance due to the joint efforts of the local government, bamboo weaving companies, and individual bamboo weavers. However, what bamboo species have supported the traditional bamboo weaving in Sansui keeps unknown up to now. The traditional knowledge and technology associated with bamboo weaving have not been reported. In addition, the resumption of the local bamboo industry may provide some valuable experiences for other downfallen traditional handicrafts or local communities. Thus, an ethnobotanical study on Sansui bamboo weaving has been carried out. Methods This study mainly used ethnobotanical methods, including key informant interviews and participatory observations. Different stakeholders were selected by applying the snowball method as our key informants including 6 officials, 37 bamboo weavers, and 17 bamboo and bamboo weaving product merchants. We also went into the local weavers’ houses to visit the whole weaving process. The bamboo and dye plant species for bamboo weaving were identified by taxonomists and referring to online databases available. Results Based on field investigations, 17 bamboo species used for weaving were recorded. Different bamboo species were woven for different purposes based on their own characters. Phyllostachys heteroclada is the most popular species locally. Bamboo strips are usually dyed by using Platycarya strobilacea and Rubia cordifolia to be made for different images. In recent years, the size, functions, and materials of local bamboo weaving crafts as well as their market mode have been changed to adapt to new development trends and to cater to the market. In addition, the cooperation among bamboo weavers, bamboo companies, and household workshops has provided great support to the local bamboo industry and to reboot the economy of the local community. Some suggestions for the sustainable economic development of Sansui bamboo weaving and other Chinese traditional handicrafts are proposed. Conclusion In the present study, the bamboo weaving-associated traditional knowledge was collected by means of ethnobotanical methods. The recent renaissance of the bamboo weaving business in Sansui can be attributed both to government support and the innovations of the bamboo weaving industry itself. The developing mode (“Internet + intangible cultural heritage + poverty alleviation”), which combined the internet, poverty alleviation, and intangible cultural heritage, is valid and worth being promoted.

U.S. Policy, Cultural Heritage, and U.S. Borders

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Luke
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Homeland Security ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cultural Relations ◽  
Department Of Homeland Security ◽  
Illicit Trade ◽  
Illicit Trafficking ◽  
Heritage Policy ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The U.S

AbstractThis article situates the discussion of illicit trafficking in antiquities in the context of the relationship between the U.S. Departments of State and Homeland Security. The main argument is that U.S. cultural heritage policy is part of a broader agenda of political discourse that links matters of heritage to wider concerns of security. If the underlying goal of the U.S. State Department is mutual understanding through open dialogue, how can initiatives that focus on the criminal networks and security, efforts tackled by the Department of Homeland Security, contribute to building a positive image for the United States abroad? Here I explore strategic aspects of U.S. cultural policies and federally supported programs aimed at mitigating against the illicit trade in antiquities as part of building and maintaining cultural relations.

scholarly journals Consent, agreement, communities and holders: the issue of social participation in the field of cultural heritage and the dialogue between the Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Heritage and the intangible heritage policy of Brazil

2021 ◽  
pp. 77-86
Author(s):  
Simone Toji
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Intangible Cultural Heritage ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Cultural Policies ◽  
Intangible Heritage ◽  
Unesco Convention ◽  
Heritage Policy

This article considers some modes of activation and operationalization of the idea of social participation in the field of intangible cultural heritage. It regards the newest proposal of operating participation established by the UNESCO Convention on Safeguarding Intangible Cultural Heritage and the experience of its implementation in Brazil. By analyzing how the issue of participation was developed through dialogue between the international and national levels, the paper also shows how the emergence of categories of social actors such as “communities” and “bearers” has been consolidated within the mentioned intangible cultural policies.

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