Study of the Effect of Biofuel on Tribological Property of IC Engine Components

Microstructural examinations of Al-Si alloys intended to manufacture IC engine components revealed a complex phase composition in all samples. Polyhedral crystals of primary silicon were detected in Al-12.5Si alloy, besides the ?-Al phase, eutectic silicon, and several intermetallic phases, identified in the cast samples of both alloys. Better tensile properties were found for samples of Al-11Si. Predominantly intercrystalline fracture with features of ductile failure was observed in both alloys. In as-cast specimens of Al-11Si alloy, the cracks were formed by the decohesion mechanism between the particles of the intermetallic phase AlCuFeNi and ?-Al phase. The microcracks initiated on the interface were spread along the branches of ?-Al15(Fe,Mn,Cu)3Si2 particles. After T6 treatment of Al-11Si alloy, almost half the intermetallics quantity presented Al3Ni phase, while the iron-based phases were observed in a small amount. Spheroidized eutectic silicon, less portion of Al5Cu2Mg8Si6, and a more considerable quantity of Al3(Fe,Mn,Cu,Ni,Co) were detected for T6 specimens of Al-12.5Si alloy. The rounded crystals of eutectic silicon contributed to the improvement of their tensile properties. Larger and deeper dimples of mostly polygonal shapes were observed in the samples of Al-11Si alloy after T6 treatment. The microcracks have occurred at the boundary of the intermetallic phase/?-Al solid solution.

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Computation of the Instantaneous Frictional Losses of Internal Combustion Engine Components

ASME 2010 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference, Volume 1 ◽

10.1115/dscc2010-4266 ◽

2010 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Giscard A. Kfoury ◽

Nabil G. Chalhoub

Keyword(s):

Inverse Dynamics ◽

Sliding Mode ◽

Combustion Engine ◽

Digital Simulation ◽

Equations Of Motion ◽

Internal Combustion ◽

State Variables ◽

Ic Engine ◽

Frictional Losses ◽

Engine Components

An inverse dynamics scheme, based on a detailed differential-algebraic model of the crank-slider mechanism of a single cylinder internal combustion (IC) engine, is developed for the computation of the instantaneous frictional losses of engine components. The proposed approach requires accurate measurements of the independent and superfluous coordinates of the crank-slider mechanism as well as their time derivatives. This was achieved by implementing a sliding mode observer, previously developed by the authors, to provide the required estimates of the state variables. The aforementioned observer is suitable for use with differential-algebraic nonlinear equations of motion and was shown to be robust to both modeling imprecision and external disturbances. The digital simulation results show the capability of the combined inverse dynamics scheme with the observer in producing good estimates of the instantaneous frictional losses of the various engine components.

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A Review of Performance-Enhancing Innovative Modifications in Biodiesel Engines

Energies ◽

10.3390/en13174395 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (17) ◽

pp. 4395

Author(s):

T. M. Yunus Khan

Keyword(s):

Diesel Engine ◽

Fossil Fuels ◽

Fuel Injection ◽

International Standards ◽

Injection System ◽

Intake Manifold ◽

Ic Engine ◽

Ic Engines ◽

Increasing Demand ◽

Engine Components

The ever-increasing demand for transport is sustained by internal combustion (IC) engines. The demand for transport energy is large and continuously increasing across the globe. Though there are few alternative options emerging that may eliminate the IC engine, they are in a developing stage, meaning the burden of transportation has to be borne by IC engines until at least the near future. Hence, IC engines continue to be the prime mechanism to sustain transportation in general. However, the scarcity of fossil fuels and its rising prices have forced nations to look for alternate fuels. Biodiesel has been emerged as the replacement of diesel as fuel for diesel engines. The use of biodiesel in the existing diesel engine is not that efficient when it is compared with diesel run engine. Therefore, the biodiesel engine must be suitably improved in its design and developments pertaining to the intake manifold, fuel injection system, combustion chamber and exhaust manifold to get the maximum power output, improved brake thermal efficiency with reduced fuel consumption and exhaust emissions that are compatible with international standards. This paper reviews the efforts put by different researchers in modifying the engine components and systems to develop a diesel engine run on biodiesel for better performance, progressive combustion and improved emissions.

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Biodiesel, Promising Fuel and its Impact on Performance of IC Engine

International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering - Special Issue ◽

10.35940/ijitee.d2083.029420 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 2601-2608

Keyword(s):

Research Work ◽

Engine Performance ◽

Ic Engine ◽

Engine Operation ◽

Performance And Emission ◽

Harmful Emission ◽

Fuel Delivery ◽

Engine Components ◽

Second Category ◽

The Impact

Biodiesel is an effective alternative fuel that can be used in vehicles. These biodiesels can be obtained from different sources such as vegetable oil, animal oil, non-food biomass, algae and artificially obtained oil. This document reviews different works considering the utilization of biodiesel, its blends and the impact on the IC engine performance and emission. These review study are categorized in four categories in order to get a clearer idea of the biodiesel and its impact on the engine. These categories are divided as engine performance, engine emissions mainly of NOx, impact of biodiesel on engine component and vice versa, and different generations of biodiesel. The first category describes the research work on the impact of biodiesel on the emission of NOx. Several investigations have been studied regarding this and presented in this review. Second category in this document deals with the effect of biodiesel when used in an IC engine, on the performance of IC engine and also the piston thrust inside the chamber. The third category shows several investigations that were studied and presented the work regarding the effects of biodiesel on the engine components, such as fuel delivery materials (FDM). It also has been seen that the deterioration of biodiesel can also happen under common rail diesel engine operation. And the last categorization was done considering the yield of biodiesel which is divided on the basis of its origin into four generations from where biodiesel is actually extracted. Several authors have performed their works which adheres the last category and explained the different impact of different generation of biodiesel. In the applications, it was observed that it has been seen as the accurate replacement of diesel especially in the IC engines. Also the much lesser harmful emission and less amount of emission are observed. After all these, the performance of engine is also seen as improved.

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