scholarly journals Bacterial Profile and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Isolates Recovered from Lower Respiratory Tract Infection for Patients in Rizgary Hospital, Erbil

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
Mahmoud A. Chawsheen ◽  
Ahmed A. Al-Naqshbandi ◽  
Haval H. Abdulqader
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Bronchial Wash ◽  
Streptococcus Parasanguinis

Recognition of etiologies of lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) may help in delivering effective treatment options and circumvent emergence of antibiotic resistance. This study was carried out to uncover bacterial profile and antibiotic sensitivity patterns among 310 LRTI patients attended Rizagary Hospital between January 2014 to December 2016. Standard laboratory techniques were applied in collecting, processing, and culturing sputum and bronchial wash specimens. VITEK® 2 compact systems were used to identify bacteria and their antibiotic sensitivity patterns. Results showed that Streptococcus parasanguinis and Acinetobacter baumannii were the most abundant gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria (GPB & GNB), respectively, isolated from sputum specimens. From bronchial wash specimens, only GNB were detected and Serratia marcescens was the most abundant one. Antibiotic sensitivity tests revealed that Streptococcus parasanguinis was the most resistant GPB and Acinetobacter baumannii was the most resistant GNB. Sputum recovered GPB were highly resistant to Ampicillin, Erythromycin, Levofloxacin, Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole, and Tetracycline. Bronchial wash recovered GNB were highly resistant to Ampicillin, Minocycline, Pefloxacin, Piperacillin, and Ticarcillin. In conclusion, LRTIs are mainly associated with GNB rather than GPB. The recovered Streptococcus parasanguinis and Acinetobacter baumannii were found to be multidrug-resistant pathogens. Ampicillin was ineffective against any of recovered pathogenic bacteria.

scholarly journals Multi-Drug Resistant Bacterial Strains in Lower Respiratory Tract Infections, Antibiotic Sensitivity Patterns and Risk Factors

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jatan B Sherchan ◽  
Pranita Gurung ◽  
Dirgh Singh Bam ◽  
Jeevan Bahadur Sherchand
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Comorbid Illness ◽  
Bacterial Strains

Isolation of multidrug resistant bacteria such as extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), metallo beta–lactamase (MBL) producing and Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) causing lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) is associated with various risk factors and a major challenge in treatment. So, the study determined bacterial etiology of lower respiratory tract infection and antibiotic sensitivity pattern with special reference to ESBL, MBL, and MRSA strains along with risk factors associated with such strains. A total of 120 specimens were collected from patients with lower respiratory tract infection along with clinical details. Combination disk method was done for the detection of ESBL and MBL producing isolates and oxacillin disc was used to detect MRSA. Out of 120 specimens, 87.5% was monomicrobial while 12.5% was polymicrobial infection. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (36.19%) was the predominant followed by Acinetobacter baumannii (28.57%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (20.95%), Escherichia coli (8.57%) and Staphylococcus aureus (5.72%). Total 33 (31.43%) out of 105 monomicrobial isolate were MDR. All MDR E. coli, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa were ESBL producers and (6, 20%) out of total A. baumannii isolated produced MBL and was not found to produce ESBL. All MDR S. aureus isolates were found to be resistant to methicillin. Carbapenems followed by amikacin were found to be the most effective antibiotic for Gram negative bacilli causing LRTI. Vancomycin, Teicoplanin & Linezolid were found to be the most effective antibiotics for MRSA. 28 out of 33 MDR isolate possessing patients had comorbid illness. Isolation of MRSA, ESBL and MBL producing bacteria in LRTI are increasing in number. Increased prevalence of MDR bacterial strains form patients with comorbid illness is a major problem in healthcare centers. Nepal Journal of Science and Technology Vol. 13, No. 1 (2012) 157-163 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njst.v13i1.7454

scholarly journals Bacterial causes of upper & lower respiratory tract infection in Sheep

2005 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Jamal Salman Ali
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Hemorrhagic Lesion

This study was designed to investigate the bacterial species that induceupper and lower respiratory tract infection in sheep, and to find out anyrelationship which may exist between them.Therefore two groups of sheep were employed. The first group wassuffering from certain respiratory signs. While the second group was apparentlyhealthy. Each group included 50 sheep. Research samples were collected for aperiod of six months from AL-Shulla Abattoir.Microbiological investigation indicated the isolation of certainmicroorganisms from all animals in both groups from nasal cavity, and from 34lungs of the first group and 16 lungs of the second group. The number of isolatesfrom the nasal cavity, were 200 from different species ,43 isolates from thebronchioles and 70 from the lungs tissue. On the other hand the number ofbacterial isolates from the nasal cavity, bronchioles and the lung tissue of thefirst group were 113, 29 and 55 respectively.The study revealed the isolation of potentially pathogenic bacteria from thelower respiratory system of both groups, these bacteria were namely Pasteurellahaemolytica of serotype (A2), Niesseria spp. and Corynebacterium pyogenes,the number of isolates were 6 for each, and 8 isolates of Staphylococcus aureus.These bacteria were also isolated from the nasal cavity. The isolation of thesebacteria from the nasal strongly suggested their presence in the lungs and theprobable role in lesion formation.Animal inoculation were performed to study the virulence of P.haemolytica which caused certain hemorrhagic lesion in the lung , liver andkidney, with areas of necrosis in the lungs of the experimentally inoculatedrabbit, and caused death in mice. While the inoculation of C. ovis caused thedeath of rabbits within 72 hours, together with the presence of multipleabscessation on the internal organs and abdomenal wall.Sensitivity tests indicated a high sensitivity of most isolates to Gentamicin,Erythromycin and Kanamycin.

scholarly journals Pathogenic Bacteria and Drug Sensitivity Analysis of Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Qianqian Wang ◽  
Chuanhui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative

<strong>Objective: </strong>To study drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in lower respiratory tract infection in patients in Respiratory Department of Internal Medicine. <strong>Method: </strong>On October 2011 to October 2013, there were 112 patients with lower respiratory tract infection in the hospital respiratory medicine ward were reviewed for analysis by collected patient’s infected blood, urine and sputum for laboratory analysis and investigation of drug resistance. <strong>Results: </strong>In a total of 112 strains of pathogenic bacteria, gram negative bacteria, the number of strains was 68, accounting for 60.7% of all strains. The analysis of gram positive bacteria had the lowest drug resistance to vancomycin, but the resistance to erythromycin and penicillin was the highest, while gram negative bacteria were the lowest, but the drug resistance was high. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>In Respiratory Department Of Internal Medicine, patients with lower respiratory tract infection, the pathogenic bacteria which is gram negative bacterial infection is more common, to clarify the distribution of the infection of pathogenic bacteria, and the drug resistance to do a good grasp of the lower respiratory tract infection in patients with lower respiratory tract infection in patients with the role of a thing.

scholarly journals COPD-Lower Respiratory Tract Infection Visual Analogue Score (c-LRTI-VAS) validation in stable and exacerbated patients with COPD

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e000761
Author(s):  
Hendrik Johannes Prins ◽  
Ruud Duijkers ◽  
Johannes M A Daniels ◽  
Thys van der Molen ◽  
Tjip S van der Werf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Visual Analogue Score ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Related Quality

BackgroundWe developed the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)-Lower Respiratory Tract Infection-Visual Analogue Score (c-LRTI-VAS) in order to easily quantify symptoms during exacerbations in patients with COPD. This study aimed to validate this score.MethodsIn our study, patients with stable COPD as well as those with an acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) were included. The results of c-LRTI-VAS were compared with other markers of disease activity (lung function parameters, oxygen saturation and two health related quality of life questionnaires (St Georges Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) and Clinical COPD Questionnaire (CCQ)) and validity, reliability and responsiveness were assessed.ResultsEighty-eight patients with clinically stable COPD and 102 patients who had an AECOPD completed the c-LRTI-VAS questionnaire. When testing on two separate occasions for repeatability, no statistically significant difference between total scores was found 0.143 (SD 5.42) (p=0.826). Internal consistency was high across items (Cronbach’s apha 0.755). Correlation with SGRQ and CCQ total scores was moderate to high. After treatment for hospitalised AECOPD, the mean c-LRTI-VAS total score improved 8.14 points (SD 9.13; p≤0.001).Conclusionsc-LRTI-VAS showed proper validity, responsiveness to change and moderate to high correlation with other questionnaires. It, therefore, appears a reliable tool for symptom measurement during AECOPD.Trial registration numberNCT01232140.

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