Measuring flow experience in recreational participants:  Scale development and validation

The study aimed to develop a valid and reliable measurement tool for determining the recreational flow experience. For this purpose, an item pool consisting of 18 items was created. In line with expert opinions, items that were not suitable for the structure of the scale were removed from the scale. The 12-item form was first applied to 542 people (336 males and 206 females; age =23.39±3.44), who were selected by purposeful sampling method, in order to determine the scale structure and to create the items. Exploratory factor analysis was carried out with the data obtained through the SPSS 23.0 package program. As a result of the analysis, a single factor with 9 items was determined that explained 53.986% of the total variance. Then, in order to verify the validity of the scale, a questionnaire study was applied to a new group with a total of 150 people ( age =30.09±8.69), 108 men and 42 women. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed using the data obtained with the AMOS 23.0 package program. It was determined that the result of confirmatory factor analysis fit the model data well. When the results obtained in the evaluation of the measurement model were evaluated as a whole, the Recreational Flow Experience Scale (RFES) consisting of 9 items and a single factor was defined with sufficient validity and reliability. Finally, the theoretical and practical implications for the research were discussed. Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. Özet Bu çalışmanın amacı rekreasyonel akış deneyiminin belirlenmesine ilişkin geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçüm aracı geliştirmektir. Bu amaçla 18 maddeden oluşan, bir madde havuzu oluşturulmuştur. Uzman görüşleri doğrultusunda ölçeğin yapısına uygun olmayan maddeler ölçekten çıkarılmıştır. Oluşturulan 12 maddelik formun ilk olarak ölçek yapısının belirlenmesi ve maddelerin oluşturulması amacıyla amaçsal örnekleme yöntemiyle seçilen 336 erkek, 206 kadın toplam 542 kişi ( yaş=23.39±3.44) üzerinde uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen verilerle SPSS 23.0 paket programı aracılığıyla açımlayıcı faktör analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda, toplam varyansın %53.986'sını açıklayan 9 maddeli tek faktör belirlenmiştir. Ardından ölçek geçerliliğin doğrulanması amacıyla 108 erkek, 42 kadın olmak üzere toplam 150 kişinin ( yaş=30.09±8.69) katılım sağladığı yeni bir gruba anket çalışması uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen verilerle AMOS 23.0 paket programı aracılığıyla doğrulayıcı faktör analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. DFA sonucu model veriye iyi uyum sağladığı belirlenmiştir. Ölçüm modelinin değerlendirilmesinde elde edilen bulgular bir bütün halinde değerlendirildiğinde 9 madde ve tek faktörden oluşan Rekreasyonel Akış Deneyimi Ölçeği (RADÖ) yeterli geçerlik ve güvenirlik ile tanımlanmıştır. Son olarak araştırmaya ilişkin teorik ve pratik çıkarımlar tartışılmıştır.

Download Full-text

Democracy Scale For Teacher Candidates: A Validity And Reliability Study

10.31219/osf.io/kptue ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Fatih Kaya

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽

Teacher Candidates ◽

Study Groups ◽

Independent Study ◽

Measurement Tool ◽

Study Group ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Faculty Of Education

The aim of this study was to develop a valid and reliable measurement tool in order to determine the democracy levels of teacher candidates. During the scale development process in the research, the validity and reliability studies were conducted through three independent study groups. The first study group consisted of 627 students studying at the Faculty of Education in Inonu University in the 2020-2021 academic year, the second study group consisted of 324 students, and the third study group consisted of 87 students. “The Democracy Scale for Teacher Candidates” was used in the research. In the process of data analysis, SPSS 25 software was used for exploratory factor analysis and AMOS 21 software for confirmatory factor analysis. An item pool consisting of 50 items was created for the scale. The number of items was reduced to 40 by obtaining expert opinion in order to ensure the content validity of the scale. As a result of the factor analysis, it was determined that the total variance ratio explained by the single-factor scale with 17 items was 49.640%, and the internal consistency coefficient was .88. In addition to these, the values obtained as a result of the confirmatory factor analysis conducted to test the construct validity of the scale showed that the scale developed to determine the democracy levels of teacher candidates was valid and reliable.

Download Full-text

Adaptation of the Competencies for Disaster Nursing Management Questionnaire: Turkish Version

Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness ◽

10.1017/dmp.2021.160 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Utku Durgut ◽

Tulin Yildiz

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽

Content Validity ◽

Goodness Of Fit ◽

Measurement Tool ◽

Nursing Management ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Validity Index ◽

Content Validity Index ◽

Confirmatory Factor

Abstract Objective: This study aimed to carry out the validity and reliability study for the adaptation of the Competencies for Disaster Nursing Management Questionnaire (CDNMQ), which was developed by Al Thobaity and others in 2016, (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26778698/) to Turkish, and to be able to use in the nursing literature. Method: This study was conducted in a methodological approach. The scale used in this study was a 10-point Likert scale with 43 items and 3 subfactors. The questionnaire was applied to 450 nurses. The validity and reliability of the scale were evaluated using the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The content validity index was measured within the scope of the internal consistency measurements, and the Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient was examined for the test-retest. Results: The content validity index score was found to be 0.98. As a result of the confirmatory factor analysis of the CDNMQ, it was found that the 3-factor structure of the scale was valid and the goodness of fit tests was appropriate. Conclusion: The findings have shown that the CDNMQ study is similar to the original scale and an adequate measurement tool in determining competencies in disaster nursing management.

Download Full-text

Assessment Model for Construct Occupational Accident Using Confirmatory Factor Analysis

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/20199003004 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 90 ◽

pp. 03004

Author(s):

Jusoh Nizar ◽

Mohamad Wijayanuddin Ali ◽

Tuan Abdullah Tuan Amran ◽

Husain Alias ◽

Zamri Chik

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽

Questionnaire Survey ◽

Oil And Gas ◽

Measurement Model ◽

Assessment Model ◽

Occupational Accident ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Technical Factors

The objective of this paper is to assess the occupational accident model construct using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The data for the study were obtained from the questionnaire survey using Likert scale rated 1 to 10 on 450 workers at the oil and gas terminal in Terengganu. CFA was used to verify the fitness of measurement model construct of occupational accident. A total of 53 significant items for the overall variables of occupational accident input were studied. In conclusion, all the variables of occupational accident construct such as engineering, human, and technical factors comply with the requirements of dimensions, validity, and reliability of the CFA requirement.

Download Full-text

Development and Validation of Psychometric Properties of the 10 IB Learner Profile Instrument (10IBLP-I): A Combination of the Rasch and Classical Measurement Model

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18126455 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (12) ◽

pp. 6455

Author(s):

Miftahuljanah Kamaruddin ◽

Mohd Effendi Ewan Mohd Matore

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽

Psychometric Properties ◽

Measurement Model ◽

Rasch Measurement ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Item Fit ◽

Rasch Measurement Model ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Learner Profile

Background: The International Baccalaureate Middle Years Programme (IBMYP) aims to produce a holistic transformation with creative and critically minded students. However, very little attention has been paid to the development of an instrument to measure the IB learner profile with good psychometric properties. Purpose: This study aims to develop an instrument with good psychometric properties, based on the Rasch measurement model and confirmatory factor analysis. Methods: The study consists of two phases of pilot and field studies involving 597 year four students from IBWS MOE. Results: The findings from the Rasch measurement model analysis have shown that 54 items meet the criteria of the item fit, unidimensionality, and reliability index. Meanwhile, confirmatory factor analysis found that 44 items have shown a valid item fit index. Conclusions: The combination of both analyses has shown the strength of 10IBLP-I psychometric properties that cover the aspects of validity and reliability. The findings also provide an implication to the theory, with empirical evidence that the IB learner profile consists of 10 constructs. Besides, the evidenced 10IBLP-I comprises good psychometric properties, which can be used to measure the level of IB learner profile among IBWS MOE students to assess the effectiveness of the implementation of IBMYP in Malaysia.

Download Full-text

Developing A Reading Habit scaleOkuma Alışkanlığı Ölçeğinin geliştirilmesi

Journal of Human Sciences ◽

10.14687/jhs.v15i4.5633 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 2695

Author(s):

Zekerya Batur ◽

Hakan Gülveren ◽

Hafız Bek ◽

Murat Başar

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽

Full Text ◽

English Summary ◽

Reading Habit ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Reading Habits ◽

Related Literature ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Faculty Of Education

In this study, it was aimed to develop a reading habit scale. 639 students studying at Uşak Faculty of Education participated in this study. Related literature was searched and the items upon the reading habits were written. Having been analyzed in terms of the language appropriacy, the scale consisting of 10 counts and 91 items in total was applied to measure the validity and reliability. Exploratory Factor Analysis was performed on the purpose of determining the counts in the scale. 10 counts and 51 items were formed as a result of the analysis. Confirmatory Factor Analysis was benefited in order to determine the validity of the scale and it was found out that the counts and items are in compliance with one another and the model is well fit. The internal consistency coefficient of the scale is 0,876. Therefore, this indicates that the scale is valid and reliable.Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetBu araştırmanın amacı okuma alışkanlığını ölçeğini geliştirmektir. Araştırmaya Uşak Eğitim Fakültesinin farklı bölümlerinde okuyan 639 öğrenci katılmıştır. Alan yazın incelenerek okuma alışkanlığınayönelik maddeler yazılmıştır, dil bakımından uygunluğu incelendikten sonra güvenirlik geçerlik çalışması için hazırlanan 10 boyuttan ve toplam 91 maddeden oluşan ölçek uygulanmıştır. Ölçeğin boyutlarını belirlemek ve boyutları adlandırmak için için açımlayıcı faktör analizi uygulanmıştır. Analiz sonucunda 10 boyut ve 51 madde ölçeği oluşturmuştur. Ölçeğin geçerliğini belirlemek için doğrulayıcı faktör analiz uygulanmış ve boyutlar ile maddelerin uyum içinde olduğu, modelin desteklendiği bulunmuştur. Ölçeğin iç tutarlılık katsayısı 0,876 olarak bulunmuştur. Bu sonuçlara göre ölçeğin geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu söylenebilir.

Download Full-text

DEVELOPING AND VALIDATING THE MEASUREMENT MODEL FOR FINANCIAL LITERACY CONSTRUCT USING CONFIRMATORY FACTOR ANALYSIS

Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews ◽

10.18510/hssr.2020.8247 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 413-422 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Julaina Baistaman ◽

Zainudin Awang ◽

Asyraf Afthanorhan ◽

Mohamad Zulkifli Abdul Rahim

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽

Financial Literacy ◽

Job Characteristics ◽

Measurement Model ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

School Teachers ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Literacy Performance ◽

Self Administered Questionnaire

Purpose of the study: This study aims to develop and validate the instruments measuring financial Literacy construct. Methodology: The pilot study randomly sampled some 100 school-teachers using a self-administered questionnaire. The Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) procedure has explored the usefulness of measuring items and determined the dimensionality of the construct. Finally, using the newly developed instruments, the field study obtained a random sample of 300 school-teachers to survey using a self-administered questionnaire. The data from the field were used to validate the instruments through the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) procedure. Main Findings: The EFA procedure found three components that emerged from the items. The CFA procedure validated the instruments measuring Financial Literacy construct for uni-dimensionality, validity, and reliability. Applications of this study: The result showed that the measurement model of the Financial Literacy construct achieved the requirement for construct validity and reliability and should be able to be used in the future of research. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study produced instruments to assess Financial Literacy performance specifically among school teachers in Malaysia. School teachers consist of the highest number of employees in the country besides their nature of works and job characteristics differ from another group of employees.

Download Full-text

Democracy Scale For Teacher Candidates: A Validity And Reliability Study

Education Quarterly Reviews ◽

10.31014/aior.1993.04.02.299 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Fatih Kaya ◽

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽

Teacher Candidates ◽

Study Groups ◽

Independent Study ◽

Measurement Tool ◽

Study Group ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Faculty Of Education

Download Full-text

A Measurement Model for River Conservation Behavior Using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA)

International Journal of Engineering & Technology ◽

10.14419/ijet.v7i4.34.23582 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (4.34) ◽

pp. 66

Author(s):

Wan Nor Azilawanie Tun Ismail ◽

Aziz Amin

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽

Measurement Model ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Conservation Behavior ◽

Sustainable Environment ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Polluted Rivers ◽

River Conservation

River conservation represents important environmental behavior for a sustainable environment. This research is to measure the validity and reliability of the instrument for measuring river conservation behavior model. The research instrument was administered to 373 respondents who were selected trough cluster sampling in 10 polluted rivers in the Terengganu state, Malaysia. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was used to validate the measurement model for items in the behavioral instrument. The findings of the study have dropped 36 items and retained 48 valid and reliable items to measure eleven constructs that affected the resident’s behavior. These behavioral instruments can be used to obtain a community profile as an indicator to improve the behavior of the residents towards river conservation.

Download Full-text

Confirmatory Factor Analysis for Testing Validity and Reliability of University Transformation Practices as Perceived by University Staff

UMRAN - International Journal of Islamic and Civilizational Studies ◽

10.11113/umran2020.7n1.344 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 11-24

Author(s):

Farooq Miiro

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Measurement Model ◽

University Staff ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

The University

This empirical study was a cross-sectional survey examining the four subdimensions of university transformation among the six universities in the central region of Uganda. Questionnaires were distributed to 820 volunteers randomly chosen from the university staff and the data generated was subjected to a confirmatory factor analysis. The essence was due to the fact that structural equation modelling requires a big number of sample size to measure the validity and reliability of the hypothesized measurement model of university transformation construct. The findings exhibited that the data was fit and appropriate for predicting the four subdimensions of university transformation construct. In addition, the findings reflected a relationship between the four subdimensions of university transformation construct. Implying that when university transformation practices are put into consideration universities would be able to achieve their strategic development and transformation. The study concluded by exhibiting the foundation on which future studies can base to extend the understanding and emphasis on the four subdimensions used in measuring university transformation.

Download Full-text

The Development and Psychometric Properties of an Education Well-Being Scale among Elementary School Students

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare9081045 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. 1045

Author(s):

Po Lin Chen

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Elementary School ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽

Elementary School Students ◽

Well Being ◽

Reliability Estimation ◽

Measurement Tool ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

School Students ◽

Confirmatory Factor

The purpose of this study is to develop a tool that can measure the educational well-being of elementary school students and to analyze the fit of the developed instrument. The measurement tool was based on four levels which include: (1) parents’ support, (2) teachers’ care, (3) students’ care in school, and (4) peer cooperation. It also had eight facets which include: (1) basic need, (2) family companionship, (3) happy learning, (4) teacher-student interaction, (5) safety protection, (6) school rules, (7) peer learning, and (8) peer interaction. The participants of this study were grades 5 and 6 students in Taiwan. Pre-testing with 197 grade 6 students was done to assess the validity and reliability of the developed scale. For the formal study, a total of 960 grade 6 students and 834 grades 5 and 6 students were recruited to join. The data collected underwent item analysis, reliability estimation, and confirmatory factor analysis. The results of the analyses were as follows: (1) the confirmatory factor analysis supported the four latent factors of the educational well-being scale; (2) the Cronbach’s alpha ranged from 0.73 to 0.89 for the elementary school students; (3) the cross-validation analysis with split-half samples implies that the study had a well-constructed stability model and that the scale had construct validity; and (4) the average scores of grade 5 students on the 8 facets and their overall score on educational well-being were all significantly higher than that of grade 6 students. Finally, several suggestions were proposed for future studies based on the results obtained.

Download Full-text