scholarly journals Diversitas Kapang Serasah Daun Talok (Muntingia calabura L.) Di Kawasan Desa Sukolilo Barat, Kecamatan Labang, Kabupaten Bangkalan, Madur

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Arum Krisna Miranti ◽  
MG Isworo Rukmi ◽  
Agung Suprihadi
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Proteolytic Activity ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Indirect Method ◽  
Wiener Index ◽  
Organic Matters ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Muntingia Calabura ◽  
Index Of Diversity

Leaf litter is one kind of substrate which is good for mold’s growth because of its organic matters content particularly cellulose. Research on mold diversity on Talok (Muntingia calabura L.) leaf litter which grow abundance at Sukolilo Barat Village, Labang Subdistrict, Bangkalan, Madura was conducted in order to determined the diversity and to isolate xerophilic mold as well as to examined the enzymatic activity of the isolates. The isolation has been done by direct and indirect method on DG18 agar, MEA, and OA from three samples which is taken purposively. The enzyme activities observed were cellulolytic, amylolitic and proteolytic at 310C temperature. The results showed that 24 isolates found were come from 3 genus i.e. Aspergillus, Curvularia and Fusarium. The Aspergillus was the largest number found. The Shannon-Wiener Index of Diversity showed that the diversity of three leaf litter samples categorized medium. The highest cellulolytic, amylolitic and proteolytic activity at 310C incubation were showed by A. tamarii (ISM 1), A.aculeatus (ISM 10) , A. terreus sp. 3 (ISM 17) respectively. Keywords : Diversity, mold, talok litter leaf, Madura

SOIL MICROBIAL BIOMASS AND ENZYME ACTIVITIES RESPONSE TO COPPER AND MOLYBDENUM POLLUTION IN THE VICINITY OF ZANGEZUR COPPER AND MOLYBDENUM COMBINE, ARMENIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (3 (253)) ◽  
pp. 235-245
Author(s):  
K.A. Ghazaryan ◽  
H.S. Movsesyan
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Extracellular Enzyme ◽  
Soil Biological Activity ◽  
Soil Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Soil Microbial

The aim of this study was to define a relationship between heavy metal (Cu, Mo) pollution of soil and various extracellular enzyme activities. Six enzymatic activities involved in cycles of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur (β-glucosidase, chitinase, leucine-aminopeptidase, acid phosphomonoesterase, alkaline phosphomonoesterase, and arylsulphatase) as well as microbial biomass were determined in soil samples collected in the surroundings of Zangezur Copper and Molybdenum Combine. The investigations showed that pollution of soil with copper and molybdenum led to a decrease in microbial biomass and soil enzymatic activity, which in turn had a negative impact on cycles of chemical elements, in particular C, P, N and S. This gives reason to conclude that the changes in soil microbial biomass and enzymatic activity may act as indicators of soil biological activity and quality.

In vitro anti-Candida albicans activity of new thiatriazole derivative agents

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-17
Author(s):  
Cecylia Łukaszuk ◽  
Andrzej Niewiadomy
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Reference Strain ◽  
Strain Atcc ◽  
Rpmi Medium ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
The Mean

Purpose: We tested the antifungal activity of N,N-phenyl-1,2,3,4-thiatriazole-5-yl-2,4-b-resorcyl-carbothioamide (PTR), of n-3-(1,2,4-dithiazole-5-thione)--resorcylcarbothioamide (DTRTA), of N,N-phenyl-1,2,3,4-thiatriazol-5-yl-2,4-b-resorcyl-carbothioamide (PHARA) against Candida albicans strains in vitro. Materials and methods: We synthesized PTR, DTRTA and PHARA at the Department of Chemistry University of Agriculture in Lublin. We tested the selected three samples with the lowest value of MIC - PTR, DTRTA and PHARA. A reference strain of C. albicans ATCC 10231 and 250 strains of C. albicans isolated from the patients was used. The enzymatic activity of the yeast-like fungi was performed by API ZYM test (bioMériux). Results: The mean MIC C. albicans ATCC 10231 on Sabouraud’s Medium was 12.5 mg/L and YNB Medium and RPMI medium - 6.25 mg/L. The mean MIC C. albicans on Sabouraud’s Medium - exposure to PTR - 19.77 mg/L; exposure to DTRTA -21.06 mg/L, exposure to PHARA - 21.54 mg/L; on YNB Medium - exposure to PTR - 17.79 mg/L; exposure to DTRTA - 16.23 mg/l, exposure to PHARA - 18.92 mg/L and RPMI Medium - exposure to PTR - 12.73 mg/L; exposure to DTRTA -10.93 mg/l, exposure to PHARA - 10.65 mg/L. The reference C. albicans strain ATCC 10231 had 5 enzymes inhibited - after exposure to PTR inhibited the enzymatic activity of 13 enzymes, exposure to DTRTA inhibited the enzymatic activity of 10 enzymes and exposure to PHARA inhibited the enzymatic activity of 13 enzymes. The C. albicans isolates had 3 enzymes inhibited - after exposure to PTR - 5 enzymes was inhibited, exposure to DTRTA - 9 enzymes was inhibited and exposure to PHARA - 4 enzymes was inhibited. Conclusion: The synthesized compounds PTR, DTRA and PHARA exert a moderate antifungal activity against the C. albicans strains in vitro.

scholarly journals Enzymatic activity of myccorrhizal fungi

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Pachlewski ◽  
Elżbieta Chruściak
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Amanita Muscaria ◽  
Suillus Bovinus ◽  
Rhizopogon Luteolus

The investigations included assays of enzymatic activity of ectomycorrhizal fungi from the genera: <i>Amanita, Cenococcum, Coltricia, Hebeloma, Lactarius, Rhizopogon, Russula, Suillus, Tricholoma</i> and the pine ectendomycorrhizal strain MrgX. Among the 22 investigated strains of fungi 18 could decompose starch, 14 urea, 11 asparagine, 7 protein, 6 pectin and 3 ce1lulose. The most varied enzyme activities were found in <i>Amanita muscaria, A. verna, Hebeloma, mesophaeum</i>, ectendomycorrhizal isolate MrgX, <i>Rhizopogon luteolus</i> and <i>Suillus bovinus</i>, the highest cellolotytic activity was shown by the ectendomycorrhizal strain.

scholarly journals Enzymatic activity in braúna seeds subjected to thermal stress

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 1044-1049
Author(s):  
Glauciana da Mata Ataíde ◽  
Eduardo Euclydes de Lima e Borges ◽  
Andressa Vasconcelos Flores
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Constant Temperature ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Germination Process ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

ABSTRACT: To occur seed germination distinct hydrolytic enzymes work together, enabling primary root protrusion. The objective of this study was to investigate changes in the activities of α-amylase, β-amylase, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PdH) during germination of Melanoxylon brauna Schott. seeds under thermal stress. To this end, seeds of this species were germinated under constant temperature (10, 25, 30 or 40°C) and samples were collected every 24h during a 96-h period, in which the activity of the enzymes were evaluated. At 25 and 30°C, optimal temperatures for the germination of the species, the activities of α-amylase, β-amylase, and G6PdH increased with seed imbibitions. At 10 and 40°C, enzyme activities decreased, impairing the germination process.

scholarly journals Ecological aspects of small strongylids in the Paraíba Valley Region, State of São Paulo, Brazil

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 2264-2270
Author(s):  
José Roberto Pereira ◽  
Sérgio Sebastião da Silva Vianna
Keyword(s):  
Wiener Index ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Dispersion Index ◽  
Intensity Of Infection ◽  
Parasite Richness ◽  
Ecological Aspects ◽  
Green Index ◽  
Average Dispersion ◽  
Index Of Diversity

Post-mortem studies were conducted on twenty equids (16 horses and four mules) of the Paraíba Valley, during a period of twelve years (1988 to 2000) in order to establish the ecological descriptors of the different species of small strongylids (Subfamily Cyathostominae, Tribe Cyathostominea). Samples of 10% of total gastrointestinal content was examined and a total of 13,832 of Cyathostominea were obtained with a prevalence of 100%. The most prevalent and abundant species were Cylicocyclus nassatus (100%), Cylicostephanus longibursatus and Cylicostephanus goldi (95%). The population of Cyathotominea showed an average Dispersion Index (DI) of 49.03 and an average Green index (GI) of 0.226. The parasitic community had average diversity of 1.79, calculated by Shannon-Wiener' Index, and 0.77 by Simpson's Index of Diversity. The evenness (Pielou's Index) presented an average of 0.28.The intensity of infection had a positive correlation with the parasite richness (P<0,05) and the diversity (P<0,01). Specimens of C. nassatus showed preference for the ventral colon (P<0.01), Cyathostomum coronatus for the caecum (P<0.01), C. longibursatus and C. goldi a preference for both the ventral colon and the dorsal colon (P<0.01).

Studies on Community Diversity of Spore-Forming bacteria at Soil of Swamping Wetland in WuLiangSuHai

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 3548-3551
Author(s):  
Yu Qin Shao ◽  
Ji Zhao ◽  
Wei Wei Cao ◽  
Jia Yin Lu ◽  
Jing Yu Li
Keyword(s):  
Diversity Index ◽  
Wiener Index ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Simpson Index ◽  
Count Method ◽  
Plate Count Method ◽  
Spore Forming Bacteria ◽  
Index Of Diversity

This study used plate count method to analyze the composition of the Spore-forming bacteria community in the soil in swamping wetland, alkaline land, and desert belt, all of which grow in the upstream, midstream and downstream of swamping wetland of Wuliangsuhai. In this process, the Shannon-Wiener index, Simpson index were used to analyze the index of diversity (H), the index of evenness (J), the index of richness (R) and the index of dominance (D) of the Spore-forming bacteria community. The results showed that: the diversity index of in soil of the swamping wetland and desert belt was the highest in the midstream, second in the upstream, and lowest in the downstream; that in soil of the alkaline land was the highest in the midstream, second in the downstream and lowest in the upstream, and showed significant differences between in the midstream and downstream and in upstream; that in soil of the desert belt showed significant differences between in the upstream and downstream and in midstream; in the same area, in the desert belt soil of Spore-forming bacteria more than swamping wetland and alkaline land.

Proteolytic activity of Oidiodendron kalrai

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 1362-1368 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Cino ◽  
R. P. Tewari
Keyword(s):  
Basement Membrane ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Proteolytic Activity ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Protease Activity ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
Cell Free Extract ◽  
Yeast Phase ◽  
Biological Substrates

The physiochemical characteristics of the intracellular proteolytic enzymes of Oidiodendron kalrai, a neuropathogenic fungus, were studied. The organism in the yeast phase was grown in a semisynthetic medium containing 1% tryptone, at 37 °C for 48 h, on a gyrotory shaker. The crude extract was prepared by breaking the cells in a French pressure cell and the proteolytic activity was tested against biological substrates. The cell-free extract hydrolyzed casein, hemoglobin, lactalbumin, gelatin, elastin, collagen, and purified rabbit renal basement membrane to various degrees. Optimal proteolytic activity was observed at pH 6 and at 32 °C. Calcium and EDTA did not affect the enzymatic activity; however, activity was partially inhibited by sulfhydryl-blocking agents and by heat-inactivated horse, calf, and human serum. The extract was totally inactivated by exposure to a temperature of 70 °C for 60 min. Storage at −76 °C or −15 °C for 6 months or at 4 °C for 4 weeks did not affect protease activity.

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