scholarly journals Air dan Konflik: Studi Kasus Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Hary Jocom ◽  
Daniel D Kameo ◽  
Intiyas Utami ◽  
A. Ign. Kristijanto
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Water Conflict ◽  
Social Harmony ◽  
Access To Water ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Water Scarce

ABSTRAK Secara perhitungan teknis, antara ketersediaan air dan kebutuhan air per kapita mencukupi di Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan (TTS) Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur, namun permasalahan aksesibilitas yang menyebabkan terjadinya kekeringan dibeberapa wilayah. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kecamatan Kolbano dan Kualin, Kab. TTS bertujuan pembuktian teori Homer-Dixon dan Gleick tentang konflik berbasis sumber daya alam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwapertama, ketidakadilan akses terhadap sumber daya air tidak menimbulkan konflik antar masyarakat, dan kedua, tidak terjadi migrasi besar dari wilayah langka air ke wilayah lain. Faktor yang melandasiadalah adanyanilai-nilai budaya yang masih dipercaya dan dijaga, sehingga mampumenciptakan harmoni sosial. Temuan empirik ini menjadi sebuah penemuan teori baru dari pengembangan teori Homer-Dixon dan Gleick yang menyatakan bahwa kelangkaan sumber daya alam/air menimbulkan konflik, namun tidak terjadi dalam konteks masyarakat di Kec. Kolbano dan Kualin, dan wilayah lain di Kab. TTS.   Kata kunci: Kelangkaan air, konflik, sumberdaya air, sumber daya alam ABSTRACT In technical calculations, between water availability and water demand per capita is sufficient in Timor Tengah Selatan (TTS) East Nusa Tenggara province, but the problem of accessibility caused drought in some areas. This research was conducted in the District Kolbano and Kualin, Kab. TTS aims at proving the theory Homer-Dixon and Gleick about natural resource-based conflicts. The results showed that the first, inequality in access to water resources does not generate conflicts between communities, and second, there was no major migration of water-scarce region to region. Factors underlying is their cultural values ​​are still believed and guarded, so as to create social harmony. These empirical findings into a discovery of a new theory of the development of the theory of Homer-Dixon and Gleick stating that the scarcity of natural resources / water conflict, but did not occur in the context of the community in the district Kolbano and Kualin, and other areas in the district TTS.   Keywords: Conflict, natural resources, water resources, water scarcity Cara sitasi: Jocom, H., Kameo, D.D., Utami, I., dan Kristijanto, A.I. (2016). Air dan Konflik: Studi Kasus Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan. Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan. 14(1),51-61, doi:10.14710/jil.14.1.51-61

scholarly journals Institutional Analysis of Water Governance in Pakistan

2018 ◽  
Vol III (I) ◽  
pp. 10-20
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ali ◽  
Suneel Kumar ◽  
Pasand Ali Khoso
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Water Governance ◽  
Institutional Analysis ◽  
Governance Model ◽  
Water Property ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Water Scarce

Pakistan is said to be at the brink of being a water-scarce country current per capita water availability is 1090 m3 per year. This point to the water governance issues in Pakistan. Given these problems, a debate among scholars and policymakers is what governance model should Pakistan adopt to manage its water resources effectively. A few of them are a proponent of privatization of water, while others argue that traditional warabandi can still be an effective way to manage the water if certain loopholes in the system can be addressed. In this paper, we discuss both models and analysis with institutional theories of (water) property rights and relations, state authority, and neoliberalism to analyze the pros and cons of both models. In conclusion, we enlist the problems that persist in both models and provide recommendations for better governance of water in Pakistan.

Analysis on Water Resources Supply and Demand Balance of Rural Land Remediation Project in Baishan City, Jilin Province

2013 ◽  
Vol 295-298 ◽  
pp. 2132-2137
Author(s):  
Xiao Ling Xu ◽  
Xu Feng Liang ◽  
Xiu Juan Liang ◽  
Chang Lai Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Influence Factor ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Rural Land ◽  
Project Area ◽  
Groundwater Availability ◽  
Relevant Calculation

Water resources are an important influence factor of land remediation. As support of food production, analysis of water resources supply and demand balance is an important part and technical support of the construction. According to some relevant calculation formulas on water resources assessment, after forecast of water demand and the calculation of water supply, in the project area of the demonstration construction of whole rural land remediation in Baishan City, the average water availability for many years is 8990.1 thousand m3 each year, in which surface water availability is 7210.6 thousand m3, groundwater availability is 1579.4 thousand m3. Water demand is 5552.4 thousand m3 in 2015, in which water demand for life 4165.2 thousand m3; water demand for agricultural irrigation is 1387.2 thousand m3. Water supply is more than water demand; the results show that there is a slight surplus of water resources in the region. The basic supply-demand balance can be achieved in conditions of the design of water supply project in the project area.

scholarly journals Scarce Water Resources and Cereal Import Dependency: The Role of Integrated Water Resources Management

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1750
Author(s):  
Bente Castro Campos ◽  
Yanjun Ren ◽  
Jens-Peter Loy
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Integrated Water Resources Management ◽  
Considerable Effect ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Predictor Model ◽  
Food Imports ◽  
Water Scarce

This study globally analyzes the nonlinear relationship between cereal import dependency and total renewable water resources per capita by testing for potential thresholds in water resources. Data are from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), and consider the years of 2002, 2007, and 2012. The results show evident ceiling effects with a threshold of 1588 m3/(capita/year) in the multiple predictor model. Above this value, the total renewable water resources per capita no longer have a considerable effect on cereal import dependency. Importantly, we found that if integrated water resource management improves, cereal import dependency will increase for countries with total renewable water resources per capita between 1588 m3/(capita/year) and 5000 m3/(capita/year), but not for countries below or equal to the threshold of 1588 m3/(capita/year). Water-scarce countries above the threshold use cereal imports as a coping strategy to save limited national water resources. This strategy might be suggested to extremely water-scarce countries below the threshold to increase their water use efficiency. Global solidarity of grain exporters with water-scarce countries is required to guarantee their food security, while water-scarce countries need to overcome their skepticism of foreign dominance through food imports.

Analisis Neraca Air dan Prasarana Tampungan Air di DAS Ciujung

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-235
Author(s):  
Yulia Dwi Kurniasari ◽  
Hadi Susilo Arifin ◽  
Muhammad Yanuar Purwanto
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Water Demands ◽  
Consumption Index ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Availability Index

Peningkatan jumlah penduduk, laju pertumbuhan ekonomi dan pengembangan wilayah berdampak pada kondisi sumber daya air. Keterbatasan prasarana tampungan air menjadi penyebab pentingnya distribusi sumber daya air secara berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kondisi neraca air dan prasarana tampungan air yang ada di DAS Ciujung. Metode yang digunakan adalah menghitung kebutuhan dan ketersediaan air, Neraca surplus-defisit, Indeks Pemakaian Air (IPA) dan Indeks ketersediaan air per kapita berdasarkan metode SNI 6728.1.2015 serta indikator tampungan air. Ketersediaan air dihitung berdasarkan debit andalan 80% (Q80). Kebutuhan air dihitung dari kebutuhan rumah tangga, perkotaan, industri (RKI), irigasi, peternakan, perikanan dan pemeliharaan sungai. Prasarana tampungan air dihitung melalui indikator tampungan bangunan konservasi air yang ada. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kebutuhan air di DAS Ciujung sebesar 37,52 m3/detik sedangkan ketersediaan airnya sebesar 36,57 m3/detik. Hal ini mengindikasikan adanya defisit air sebesar 0,95 m3/detik. Indeks Pemakaian Air sebesar 1,03 (kategori jelek). Indeks ketersediaan air per kapita sebesar 623,05 (indikasi kelangkaan air). Sedangkan indikator tampungan air sebesar 31,34% (kategori baik).  ABSTRACTThe population growth, the rapid rate of economic growth and regional development will have an impact on the condition of water resources. Limited water storage infrastructure is the importance cause of allocating water resources. The objective of study is to know the water balance and water storage infrastructure in Ciujung Watershed. The analysis methods was used to calculate the amount of water supply and demand, to calculate the surplus-deficit balance, Water Consumption index (IPA), Water Availability Index per Capita refers to SNI 6728.1.2015 and water storage indicator. Water supply calculation based on the mainstay discharge of 80% (Q80). Water demands calculation from the demand of households, cities and industries (RKI), irrigation, livestock, fisheries and river maintenance. Capacity of existing water conservation storage used to predict the water storage infrastructure. The results of analysis show that the water demands in Ciujung Watershed is 37,52 m3/second, while the water supply is 36,57 m3/second. This indicates there is a water deficit of 0,95 m3/second. According to calculation, Water Consumption Index is 1,03 (bad category), It resulted that Water availability index per capita is 623,05 (water scarcity indicator). On the other hand, Indicator for water storage is 31,34% (good category).

scholarly journals Assessment of water resources carrying capacity based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation – case study of Jinan, China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Wu ◽  
Zhongyu Ma ◽  
Xiang Li ◽  
Li Sun ◽  
Shaohua Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Ecological Environment ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Water Resources Carrying Capacity ◽  
Per Capita

Abstract Jinan is a city that typifies the water resource shortage in North China. This study selected nine indices to evaluate the regional water resources carrying capacity (WRCC), which is an important constraining factor in relation to socioeconomic development and the ecological environment. The AHP-CRITIC weighting method was applied to determine the index weighting, and WRCC dynamics during 2011–2016 were analysed and evaluated quantitatively using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The results revealed the following. (1) During 2011–2016, the comprehensive score of the WRCC was <0.4, indicating poor WRCC. (2) The degree membership of the average evaluation results to V1, V2, and V3 increased successively during 2011–2016. The degree membership of V2 in 2011–2013 was greater than that of V3; however, the situation was reversed during 2014–2016. (3) The indices of available amount of water resources per capita, utilization rate of water resources, water supply per capita, modulus of water supply, quota of domestic water demand, and population density were factors that affected the WRCC of Jinan unfavourably. Conversely, the indices of water demand per 10,000 Yuan industrial output value and water use rate of the ecological environment were factors that played positive roles in improving the WRCC.

Dryland Farmers' Access to Productive Resources (A Case Study of Wonogiri)

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-67
Author(s):  
Dwi Prasetyani ◽  
Akhmad Daerobi
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
International Labour Organization ◽  
New Schools ◽  
Support Strategies ◽  
Access To Water ◽  
Farmer Groups ◽  
The Government

Objective - This research is built on the argument that providing farmers with more access to natural resources can reduce poverty and so increase production in farming, particularly in the case of Wonogiri. Methodology/Technique - The method of analysis used for this research is the IRAP (Integrated Rural Accessibility Planning) method which was developed by the International Labour Organization (ILO) and the government agencies of Africa and Asia. Findings - Based on the calculation of access, it is noted that priority problems of access to productive resources can be resolved by focusing on four factors. First is Education - Strategies that can be implemented is the construction of new schools, particularly junior and senior high schools. Second is Health - Strategies that can be implemented is to increase farmers' access to water resources and to increase the number of general practitioners available such as specialists and dentists. Third is Agriculture - Strategies that can be done is to improve existing markets, add new markets, and develop new farmer groups. Fourth is Support - Strategies that can be done is by building layers of foundation and paving stones and casting roads on the remaining land. Of utmost importance is Education. Novelty - New found strategies that can be implemented include the construction of new schools for poor farmers. Type of Paper: Empirical Keywords: Dryland Farmers, Productive Resources, Wonogiri, IRAP, Access, Strategy.

scholarly journals Water demand prospects for irrigation in the São Francisco River: Brazilian public policy

Water Policy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angel dos Santos Fachinelli Ferrarini ◽  
Joaquim Bento de Souza Ferreira Filho ◽  
Santiago Vianna Cuadra ◽  
Daniel de Castro Victoria
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium Model ◽  
Comparative Result ◽  
Sao Francisco River ◽  
Irrigation Potential ◽  
São Francisco River ◽  
Physiographic Regions

Abstract This study analyzed how irrigation expansion in the São Francisco Hydrographic Region (SFRH) could affect water availability in four physiographic regions: Upper, Middle, sub-Middle, and Lower SFRH. The Brazilian National Water Resources Plan (PNRH) is the main policy for water resources in Brazil. The PNRH, however, did not evaluate how the expansion of the irrigated area could affect water demand. We use a detailed computable general equilibrium model (CGE), applicable to Brazil, to simulate expansion scenarios in irrigated areas for 2025 and 2035, according to the Water Resources Plan for the São Francisco River (SFP). Simulations were carried out for areas deemed potentially suitable for irrigation. The Climatic Water Balance (CWB) was estimated for the SFRH to compare water supply and water demand. Results suggest that cities located in the Upper and Middle São Francisco Regions would present greater irrigation potential due to water availability and proximity to large irrigated areas. The comparative result of the CWB and the CGE model shows water availability problems in the states of Alagoas and Pernambuco, in particular, cities located in the São Francisco Lower Region.

Who owns the water? A study of a water conflict in the Valley of Ixtlahuaca, Mexico

Water Policy ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gro Volckmar Dyrnes ◽  
Arild Vatn
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Water Rights ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Water Conflict ◽  
Legal Rules ◽  
Pricing System ◽  
Access To Water ◽  
The 1960S

This paper is about rights to water. It follows a conflict over use of groundwater in Mexico from the middle of the 1960s. It illustrates how previously defined rights concerning access to water resources can be eroded. Two main mechanisms seem to be involved. First, the character of the resource – groundwater – makes it difficult both to distribute rights and to define when they are violated. Second, unequal power to express ones interests and to influence the process of the de facto shifting of rights is of great importance. While the Valley of Ixtlahuaca prior to the 1960s was blessed with ample access to water, extraction to supply Mexico City, which has been taking place since 1966, lowered the water table rapidly. After a few years traditional access to groundwater by locals was made impossible and the functioning of the local ecosystems was disrupted. It is shown that the redistribution of access to water was not in accordance with the existing legal rules concerning water rights. Owing to continuing water shortage, a pricing system is proposed forcing previously right holders to pay for the water in the future.

Analysis of Water Resources Supply and Demand Balance of Rural Land Remediation Project Area in Fuyu County, Jilin Province

2012 ◽  
Vol 212-213 ◽  
pp. 609-614
Author(s):  
Xiao Ling Xu ◽  
Xu Feng Liang ◽  
Xiu Juan Liang ◽  
Chang Lai Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Influence Factor ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Rural Land ◽  
Project Area ◽  
Groundwater Availability ◽  
Relevant Calculation

Water resources are an important influence factor of land remediation. As support of food production, analysis of soil and water resources supply and demand balance is an important part and technical support of the construction. According to some relevant calculation formulas on water resources assessment, after forecast of water demand and the calculation of water supply, in the project area of the demonstration construction of whole rural land remediation in Fuyu County, the average water availability for many years is 70581.6 thousand m3 each year, including surface water availability 57003.3 thousand m3 and groundwater availability 13578.3 thousand m3. Water demand is 58806.2 thousand m3 in 2015; including water demand for life 5150.9 thousand m3 and water demand for agricultural irrigation 53655.3 thousand m3. Water supply is more than water demand; the basic supply-demand balance can be achieved in conditions of the design of water supply project.

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