scholarly journals Adjuvant measures and genetic evaluations to improve results of hair transplantation

2022 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-375
Author(s):  
Jalal Hamasalih Fattah
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Rna Extraction ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Androgenic Alopecia ◽  
Hair Transplantation ◽  
Srd5a2 Gene ◽  
Follicular Unit Extraction ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
One Year ◽  
Genetic Evaluations

Follicular unit extraction (FUE) has evolved dramatically as the most recent advancement in surgical hair restoration as it leaves a tiny scar and creates natural and pleasing results. This study aims to show the effectiveness of adjuvant measures and genetic evaluations in improving outcomes. Prospective analysis of 271 male patients with androgenic alopecia who underwent hair transplantation with FUE technique between August 2015 and February 2020 at our center was conducted. The mean age was 35.93 ±4.40 years. At one year postoperatively, patients were asked to fill up a questionnaire which included their satisfaction level, need for 2nd session, and complications. Informed written consent was obtained from all patients. Also, blood samples were provided from patients before the operation. RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis were performed using the RNX-Plus kit (Cinnagen, Iran) and Vivantis kit (Malaysia). Amplification of SRD5A2 and GAPDH genes (as internal standard) for measuring gene expression was performed by real-time PCR. Data were analyzed using the statistical package for social science SPSS V. 23. In the last 156 cases, the addition of 40 mg of Triamcinolone to the LA solution led to a dramatic reduction of the incidence of postoperative oedema, from 40% to 9%. Adding three sessions of PRP at 2nd, 4th and 6th months postoperatively resulted in an increased patient satisfaction rate with better hair density and thickness where the rate of highly satisfied patients increased from 64.5% to 83.7%. The addition of 40 mg Triamcinolone to the LA solution was highly effective in reducing postoperative oedema. Three sessions of PRP at 2nd, 4th and 6th months postoperatively were recommended. The results of SRD5A2 gene expression showed that the expression of this gene in satisfied (P = 0.049) and dissatisfied (P = 0.028) patients were significantly higher than highly satisfied patients, which means that the SRD5A2 gene expression had an essential role in the successfulness of hair transplantation. The increased expression of this gene could reduce the response to hair transplantation.

75 CHANGES IN GENE EXPRESSION PATTERN DURING PRE- AND PERI-IMPLANTATION STAGES IN BOVINE CLONED EMBRYOS

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
L. l. Rodriguez-Alvarez ◽  
J. F. Cox ◽  
R. Einspanier ◽  
F. O. Castro
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Nuclear Transfer ◽  
Rna Extraction ◽  
Gene Expression Pattern ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Fibroblast Cell ◽  
Trophoblastic Cells ◽  
Nanog Expression ◽  
Expression Of Genes

In ruminants after blastocyst formation and before implantation the embryo elongates drastically. This peri-implantation stage is characterized by active proliferation of trophoblastic cells and by changes in gene expression. In cloned embryos inappropriate expression of genes during early stages could be the cause of embryonic losses. The aim of this study was to compare the expression pattern of selected developmentally important genes in Day 7 embryos produced by somatic cell nuclear transfer with gene expression at Day 17 during elongation. IVF embryos at each stage were used for comparison. For analysis we used an RT-PCR approach (conventional + quantitative real-time PCR; qPCR). For nuclear transfer we used handmade cloning with an adult fibroblast cell line that previously yielded live cloned calves. Cells were confluent, non-serum starved in passage 4. Cloned embryos were cultured in SOF medium for 7 days in the well of the well (WOW) system. Semen from a proven bull was used for IVF and the presumptive zygotes were cultured under the same conditions as cloned embryos. At Day 7, embryos (cloned or IVF) were either transferred to recipients or pooled in tens for RNA extraction using NucleoSpin RNA XS Kit (Macherey-Nagel, Düren, Germany), converted to complementary (c)DNA and amplified with specific primers in PCR reactions. Transferred embryos were recovered at elongation stage (Day 17); their RNA was extracted and treated as above. The genes studied were NANOG, FGF4, OCT4, EOMES, IFNtau, and ACTB (internal standard for quantification). Data were analyzed by Kruskal Wallis test using the InfoStat program (Buenos Aires, Argentina). Differences were considered significant at P < 0.05. Development to blastocysts was 65% for clones and 32% for IVF embryos; 19 and 6 elongated embryos were flushed back, respectively. For gene expression analysis we used 5 pools of 10 blastocyts each and 12 (6 IVF; 6 cloned) elongated embryos with embryonic disc. At pre-implantation, we found OCT4, FGF4, IFNtau, and NANOG expressed and their relative levels were quantified (except for NANOG). Expression of OCT4 was higher in the cloned embryos; expression of EOMES was not detected at this stage. At Day 17, all 5 genes were expressed and quantified via qPCR, and interesting differences were found: relative levels of expression of FGF4 decreased in both types of embryos from Days 7 to 17, whereas those for IFNtau, NANOG, and EOMES increased significantly. Expression of OCT4 remained constant in IVF embryos but not in the cloned embryos (higher at Day 7). Our results provide an initial approach to the dynamic changes occurring in the expression of developmentally important genes in the transition from expansion to elongation. The decrease in FGF4 expression as well as the increase in EOMES and NANOG expression is a new finding that could shed light on the mechanisms of trophoblastic differentiation in bovine elongation.

Hair Transplantation: Biochemical Basis and Surgical Treatment

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Ehrlichman ◽  
Allan J. Parungao
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Hair Loss ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Androgenic Alopecia ◽  
Hair Transplantation ◽  
Biochemical Basis ◽  
Follicular Unit Extraction ◽  
Made In

Modern day hair transplantation has undergone tremendous advances since the understanding of the patterns of male hair loss and miniaturization related to androgenic alopecia caused by DHT (dihydrotesterone).  The concept of donor dominance, in which hairs genetically resistant to the effects of DHT can be moved to other locations where hair has been lost due to sensitivity to this hormone, is the basis for modern day hair transplantation.  Early hair transplantation based on this knowledge involved moving plugs of hair from DHT resistant hairs posteriorly to the anterior hairline.  These however resulted in abnormal hairlines which did not appear natural.  Presently, hair transplantation is placed on the use of 1, 2, 3, and 4 hair follicular units to create more natural hairlines.  In addition, knowledge of the biochemistry of hair loss has resulted in nonsurgical treatments that can regrow and maintain hair.  Finasteride (Propecia) and minoxidil (Rogaine) are now important adjuncts before, during and after hair transplantation.  Advances have been made in the harvesting of donor hair including the use of follicular unit extraction which removes individual 1, 2, 3 or 4 hair follicular units and the use of robots for extraction.  Because of the limitations of donor sites and the fact that hair loss is progressive, future research will involve the use of stem cells. This review contains 27 figures and 106 references. Key Words: androgenic alopecia, cicatricial alopecia, DHT, donor dominance, follicular units, miniaturization, stem cells, telogen effluvium, trichophytic

Changes In Prothrombin And Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time During Replacement Therapy With Human Recombinant Growth Hormone In Growth Hormone Deficient Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 154 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S102-S103
Author(s):  
Y S Kamel
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Recombinant Growth Hormone ◽  
Gh Replacement ◽  
Coagulation Tests ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Human Recombinant Growth Hormone ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
One Year

Abstract Introduction/Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of GH administration on basic coagulation parameters: PT, aPTT and fibrinogen concentrations in adult GHD patients before and during one year of GH replacement. Methods Twenty-one adult patients with severe GHD (mean age +/- SE: 38.6 +/- 2.8 years) were included in this hospital based, prospective, interventional study. All patients were treated with rhGH for 12 months (GH dose: 0.4 mg/day for male and 0.6 mg/day for female patients). IGF-1 concentrations were determined using RIA-INEP kits. Basic coagulation tests, i.e. aPTT and fibrinogen concentrations, were measured before and after 3, 6 and 12 months of treatment with rhGH. Control values were obtained from fourteen “healthy” subjects matched by age, sex and body mass index (BMI). Results At baseline, we observed no significant differences in PT, aPTT and fibrinogen values between GHD and healthy subjects. IGF-1 concentrations increased significantly within 3 months of GH therapy (8.2 +/- 1.5 vs. 24.2 +/- 2.9 nmol/l, p &lt;0.05) and remained stable thereafter. A significant increase in PT values, which was more pronounced in female subjects, was noted after 6 and 12 months of treatment with GH. aPTT values increased significantly after 12 months of treatment only in male patients (28.8 +/- 4.6 vs. 39.7 +/- 2.1 s.; p &lt;0.05). No significant changes in fibrinogen concentrations were found during the study. Conclusion Twelve months of GH replacement therapy led to a significant increase in PT and aPTT values in adult GHD patients, while fibrinogen concentrations did not change. Changes in PT were more pronounced in female GHD patients, while an increase in aPTT values was observed only in male patients with GHD. The clinical significance of these changes needs further evaluation.

scholarly journals The impact of RNA extraction method on accurate RNA sequencing from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues

BMC Cancer ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Marczyk ◽  
Chunxiao Fu ◽  
Rosanna Lau ◽  
Lili Du ◽  
Alexander J. Trevarton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Rna Extraction ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Ffpe Samples ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Formalin Fixed

Abstract Background Utilization of RNA sequencing methods to measure gene expression from archival formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor samples in translational research and clinical trials requires reliable interpretation of the impact of pre-analytical variables on the data obtained, particularly the methods used to preserve samples and to purify RNA. Methods Matched tissue samples from 12 breast cancers were fresh frozen (FF) and preserved in RNAlater or fixed in formalin and processed as FFPE tissue. Total RNA was extracted and purified from FF samples using the Qiagen RNeasy kit, and in duplicate from FFPE tissue sections using three different kits (Norgen, Qiagen and Roche). All RNA samples underwent whole transcriptome RNA sequencing (wtRNAseq) and targeted RNA sequencing for 31 transcripts included in a signature of sensitivity to endocrine therapy. We assessed the effect of RNA extraction kit on the reliability of gene expression levels using linear mixed-effects model analysis, concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) and differential analysis. All protein-coding genes in the wtRNAseq and three gene expression signatures for breast cancer were assessed for concordance. Results Despite variable quality of the RNA extracted from FFPE samples by different kits, all had similar concordance of overall gene expression from wtRNAseq between matched FF and FFPE samples (median CCC 0.63–0.66) and between technical replicates (median expression difference 0.13–0.22). More than half of genes were differentially expressed between FF and FFPE, but with low fold change (median |LFC| 0.31–0.34). Two out of three breast cancer signatures studied were highly robust in all samples using any kit, whereas the third signature was similarly discordant irrespective of the kit used. The targeted RNAseq assay was concordant between FFPE and FF samples using any of the kits (CCC 0.91–0.96). Conclusions The selection of kit to purify RNA from FFPE did not influence the overall quality of results from wtRNAseq, thus variable reproducibility of gene signatures probably relates to the reliability of individual gene selected and possibly to the algorithm. Targeted RNAseq showed promising performance for clinical deployment of quantitative assays in breast cancer from FFPE samples, although numerical scores were not identical to those from wtRNAseq and would require calibration.

scholarly journals NPY and sbGnRH gene expression in juvenile and adult male Brazilian flounder Paralichthys orbignyanus

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 1927-1930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinicius Farias Campos ◽  
Tiago Veiras Collares ◽  
Fabiana Kömmling Seixas ◽  
João Carlos Deschamps ◽  
Luis Fernando Fernandes Marins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Rna Extraction ◽  
Sea Bream ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Adult Fish ◽  
Cdna Synthesis ◽  
Hypothalamic Regulation ◽  
Measure Gene Expression ◽  
Paralichthys Orbignyanus

The objective of this study was to evaluate neuropeptide Y (NPY) and sea bream gonadotropin-release hormone (sbGnRH) gene expression in juvenile and adult males of Brazilian flounder. Hypothalamuses from fish were sampled for total RNA extraction. After cDNA synthesis, real-time PCR was used to measure gene expression. NPY showed approximately 2-fold increases in their mRNA levels while sbGnRH showed 3-fold increases in adult fish. These results suggest that these peptides could be involved on hypothalamic regulation of Brazilian flounder sexual maturation.

scholarly journals Quantitative and Physical Evaluation of Patchouli Essential Oils Obtained from Different Sources of Pogostemon cablin

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1200700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norma Hussin ◽  
Luigi Mondello ◽  
Rosaria Costa ◽  
Paola Dugo ◽  
Nik Idris Nik Yusoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Retention Indices ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Volatile Constituent ◽  
Response Factors ◽  
Oil Storage ◽  
Valuable Product ◽  
Linear Retention Indices ◽  
One Year

Patchouli essential oil can be obtained from fresh, dried and fermented plant material. It is a highly valuable product in the fragrance industry and its quality changes depending upon raw material age and oil storage. In this work, patchouli essential oils derived from different treatments have been subjected to GC-FID quantitative analysis using an internal standard (ISTD) method with response factors (RF). Samples were obtained from i) fresh plants; ii) hydrodistillation of one year mature and fermented plants; iii) hydrodistillation of one year mature plants; iv) commercial products from Indonesia and Malaysia. Linear Retention Indices (LRI) for both polar and non-polar GC-MS analyses were also measured as a tool for qualitative analysis towards a homologous series of C7-C30 n-alkanes. The results obtained confirmed that, in all samples, patchouli alcohol was the main volatile constituent, with higher amount in lab-scale produced oils, compared with commercial samples. Other major compounds, in lab oils and commercial samples respectively, were: δ-guaiene, α-guaiene, pogostol, seychellene and α-patchoulene. Another 36 compounds were also found.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document